Introduction to Sociology and Anthropology.pptx

This presentation provides a comprehensive introduction to the fields of Sociology and Anthropology, exploring the fundamental concepts, theories, and methodologies used in both disciplines. It covers the study of human societies, cultural practices, social institutions, and the ways people interact within different social contexts. Key topics include social structure, ethnography, human evolution, sociocultural systems, and the comparison of human cultures across time and space. This resource is perfect for students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding the complexities of social behavior and cultural diversity.

1. Introduction to Medical Sociology and Anthropology Submitted by: Submitted to: Roll no: 1 Assistant prof 1 st year BPH 6 th batch KAHS, jumla   1 Shandiya Chaulagain Aabhas Pant

2. Sociology consists of two words ; Social and logy . Social = Society and Logy = Study . Sociology is the scientific study of society, social interactions, and human behavior within social contexts. It examines how individuals are influenced by larger social structures, institutions, and cultural norms, as well as how they contribute to shaping society. 2

3. Contd… According to Max Weber , Sociology revolves round the study of social action . The primary unit of social relationship which make the social structure of society . According to Alex Inkeles , Sociology may be seen as collection of sub disciplines dealing with institution and social relationship and social relationship and social process such as differentiation , co-operation evolution and competition are main foci of sociological study . 3

4. Some example of sociology According to Hippocrates (460-399 BC) :   People of cold climate were strong and stupid and those of warm climate were clever but weak .   According to Socrates (471-399 BC) : Socrates evolve the Significant social philosophy the heart of which is found in the statement that “Virtue is Knowledge”. If a person can understand the good and bad expect of any proposed act he will choose the good only which help to improve the society 4

5. Contd… According to Plato (427-347 B.C) : The nature of individual’s behavior depends upon the character of society .   According to Aristotle (384-322 B.C) : Nature of society depends upon the individual . 5

6. Contd… According to Christian : The nature of society were not fundamentally different from that of the stoic, namely the brotherhood of man in the sprit of God .   According to Hinduism : There are many scripture saying different thing .But the most common thought in Hindu society is The doctrine of “karma” which is not fate but creator of the own destiny present life is the result of past deeds and present determines the future . 6

7. Medical Sociology Medical sociology is a subfield of sociology that focuses on the social dimensions of health, illness, healthcare systems, and medical practices. It examines how social factors such as race, class, gender, age, ethnicity, and social inequality influence health outcomes, healthcare access, and the delivery of medical services. 7

8. Origin of Medical Sociology Medical sociology emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a response to the growing recognition that social factors play a significant role in shaping health, illness, and healthcare. 8

9. Anthropology Anthropology consists of two words Anthrop and Logy . Anthrop means Human and Logy means study . Anthropology is the study of human beings, their cultures, societies, biology, and evolution. 9

10. Contd… According to Havilland, W .A 1975 : Anthropology is a study of humankind every where , throughout time , seeks to produce useful generation about people and their behavior and to arrive at the fullest possible understanding of human diversity . According to Jary and Jary : Anthropology is a study of human beings, divided into the branches of biologically oriented, physical anthropology and social oriented, social anthropology . 10

11. Medical Anthropology Medical anthropology is a subfield of anthropology that focuses on the intersections between culture, society, and health. It examines how cultural beliefs, social structures, economic systems, political institutions, and environmental factors shape health, illness, and healthcare practices across different societies and populations. 11

12. Origin of Medical Anthropology The roots of contemporary medical anthropology can betraced to three rather different sources: (1) the traditional ethnographic interest in primitive medicine, including witch-craft and magic; (2) the culture and personality movement of the late 1930's and 1940's, with collaboration between psychiatrists and anthropologists; and (3) the international public health movement after World War II 12

13. Difference between Medical Sociology and Medical Anthropology 13

14. Contd.. 14

15. 15 Thank You