Introduction to zoology. .pdf

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2. Prepared by:
Ms. Judy Anne B. Colot, LPT, MAEd
Introduction to
Zoology

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ZOOLOGY

animal science animal biology
Derived from two Greek words: “zōion”, which
means animal; and “logos”, briefly defined as
animal science or animal biology, it is a
specialized discipline of Biology which focuses
on the study of animals.

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it encompasses all aspects of scientific knowledge
regarding animals, including their: (1) various classifications,
(2) structures and their corresponding functions;
(3) biochemistry;
(4) evolution;
(5) genetics;
(6) embryonic development;
(7) behavior; and
(8) the relationships between different major
animal phyla present and co-existing in the
ecosystem

5. Subdisciplines of
Zoology

6. Zoology
Helminthology
Arachnology
Cetology
Entomology
Embryology
Anthrozoology
Histology
Herpetology
Ethology
Archaeozoology
Malacology
Morphology
Nematology
Ethology
Ichthyology
Mammalogy
Palaeology Ornithology
Pathology Primatology
Taxonomy
Protozoology
Zoogeography
Zoography
Zootomy

7. Branch of Zoology
Anthrozoology- relationships and interactions between human and other animals
Arachnology- spiders and related species such as arachnids
Archaeozoology- scientific evaluation of faunal materials
Cetology- marine animals that include whales, dolphins, and others
Embryology- development of organism from fertilization to embryos and fetuses

8. Branch of Zoology
Entomology- insects
Ethology- adaptive animal behavior under their natural habitats
Helminthology- parasitic worms
Herpetology- reptiles and amphibians
Histology- tissues

9. Branch of Zoology
Ichthyology- fishes
Malacology- mollusks
Mammalogy- mammals
Morphology- Shape and form of organism

10. Branch of Zoology
Nematology- roundworms or nematodes
Ornithology- birds
Palaeozoology- fossil animals
Pathology- cause and effects of diseases or injuries
Primatology- Primates

11. Branch of Zoology
Protozoology- Protozoa
Taxonomy- nomenclature and classification
Zoogeography- geographical distribution of animal species
Zoography- Animals and their habitats
Zootomy- animal anatomy

12. Prominent
Personalities in
Zoology

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acknowledged as the Father of Zoology
constructed the first classification for
Kingdom Animalia wrote zoological works that formed the
foundation for the structured study of
zoology; those works are: De Generatione
Animalium, Historia Animalium, and De
Partibus Animalium
Aristotle- 348 BC-344 BC

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posited that organisms should be classified as
non-blooded and blooded animals, along with
their respective subdivisions. the blooded animals, corresponding to
vertebrates, include the five genera: (1)
viviparous quadrupeds or mammals; (2)
birds; (3) oviparous quadrupeds or reptile
and amphibians; (4) fishes; and (5) whales
non-blooded animals or bloodless animals
are categorized as: (1) cephalopods;
(2)crustaceans; (3) insects; (4) shelled
animals; and (5) cnidarians
Aristotle- 348 BC-344 BC

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Recognized for his discovery in relation to
blood circulation in 1651He published an animal development theory
which suggests that animal arises from the
union of the sperm and the egg, with the
detailed account of the embryology of a
chick
published his conclusions in the book
Anatomical Studies on the Motion of the
Heart and Blood in Animals
William Harvey (1578 – 1657)

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Acclaimed as the Father of Modern
Taxonomy A Swedish botanist, zoologist, and
physician who formalized binomial
nomenclature, the modern system of
naming organisms.
Binomial nomenclature is a formal
system of naming organisms by the
utilization of two terms or Binomial
two classifications, the genus and the
species
first to frame principles for defining natural
genera and species of organisms
Carolus Linnaeus (1707 - 1778)

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extensively studied invertebrates and
immensely improved classification and
restructured vertebrates and invertebrates
as distinct sections of kingdom Animalia
founder of invertebrate paleontology
proposed the evolutionary theory: Use and
Disuse.
Jean Baptiste de Lamarck (1707 - 1778)

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known as the Father of Evolution
constructed the evolutionary theory, Theory of
Natural Selection, which postulates that
organisms with heritable and desirable traits
best fit for the environment they live in are
more likely to survive than their peers.
Joined a five-year voyage aboard the HMS
Beagle, and on his visit to the Galapagos
Island studied several species of animals,
particularly finches
published in 19th century his groundbreaking
book, On the Origin of Species by Means of
Natural Selection
Charles Darwin (1809 - 1882)

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a German zoologist who postulated the
Cell Theory in 1839, along with Matthias
Schleiden, from his extensive research of
the animal tissue
regarded cells as the most fundamental
structural unit of a living body founder of pepsin, the first digestive
enzyme prepared from animal tissue and
conducted experiments to disprove
spontaneous generation
Theodor Schwann (1810 - 1882)

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regarded as the Father of Genetics, a
pioneer in the field of Heredity conducted his remarkable Pea Plant
Experiment in an attempt to identify the
inheritance of traits from the parents to the
offspring
deduced the laws of Heredity ( Mendelian
Genetics), which are known as: Law of Segregation
Law of Independent Assortment
Law of Dominance
Gregor Johann Mendel (1822 - 1884)

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recognized as the Father of
Pasteurization renowned for his numerous discoveries
on vaccination, microbial fermentation,
and pasteurization; mostly remembered
for his remarkable breakthroughs in the
causes and prevention of diseases.
created the first vaccines for rabies and
anthrax and established the distinction
between anaerobic and aerobic bacteria
Louis Pasteur (1822 - 1895)

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declared as the Father of Biogeography
about his research on the basin of the
Amazon River became an inspiration for Darwin due to
his pivotal role in the early development of
the theory of natural selection collected more than 100,000 insect, bird,
and animal specimens which were donated
to the British museums
Alfred Russel Wallace (1823 - 1931)

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Formed the Chromosome Theory of
Heredity famous for his experimental research with
the fruit fly (Drosophila) presented that genes are linked in a
sequence of chromosomes and these
chromosomes are responsible for
discernible, hereditary traits
Thomas Morgan (1866 - 1945)

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an English anthropologist and naturalist best
renowned for her intensive study of
chimpanzees in Tanzania took the role of United Nation’s Messenger
of Peace.
Jane Morris Goodall (1934 - )

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•famous across the world for his TV series,
Australian Crocodile Hunter.
Stephen Robert Irwin 1962-2006

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References:

Hickman, C. P., Roberts, L. S., & Larson, A. (2001). Integrated principles of zoology
(11th ed.). McGraw-Hill.Miller, S. A., & Harley, J. P. (2010). Zoology (10th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

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27. Thank you