introductiontophilosophyofthehumanperson-220824121629-9957eefb.pptx

Philosophy

1. Introduction to Philosophy of the Human Person by: Teacher Salgie P. Sernal

2. 3 Classes of People PYTHAGORAS - Lovers of Gain - Lovers of Honor - Lovers of knowledge or Wisdom

3. PHILOSOPHY PHILOS SOPHIA - LOVE - WISDOM LOVE OF WISDOM

4. Philosophy WISDOM Correct Application of Knowledge. LOVE Strong desire for a particular object.

5. Is a Science that studies BEINGS in their Ultimate causes , reasons and principles through the aid of Human reason alone . PHILOSOPHY

6. - A Lover of Wisdom - He/She puts meaning to what is out there. - Open to changes and discovery - He/She does not stop knowing, wondering, and asking questions. - Hungers for truth, meaning and sense. - Someone goes beyond the surface of things, experiences, transendence and possesses a beautiful mind. Who is a Philosopher?

7. EXAMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE DISCIPLINE FRAMEWORK Characteristics of PHILOSOPHY

8. 1. FRAMEWORK Is a way of thinking about the world and is composed of views and beliefs of a Person. - Abella 2016

9. 2. EXAMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE This means that principle of Philosophy can also be use as an examination of other disciplines or particular knowledge. In the long run other areas of specialization may benefit from the very nature of Philosophy!

10. 3. DISCIPLINE - Philosophy begins in humans experience of reality being the most ancient of all Intellectual disciplines. PHILOSOPHY is the Mother of the Human and Natural Sciences

11. ____ _____ ______ ______ _______ ______ GREECE

12. - Ancient Greece is located at Southern tip of the balcons at the crossroads of Europe, Africa and Asia. - Greece is the “Birth place of Philosophy” in the west specifically at the Great City of Miletus.

13. THALES OF MILETUS - Known as the first Greek philosopher and the Father of Philosophy. (624-546 BCE) - regarded as the first to engage in the inquiry of searching for causes and principles of the Natural world and various phenomena without relying on supernatural explanation and divine components. - By observing nature, he believed that the earth floats on water, while it is considered as the first ultimate substance.

14. BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY Metaphysics Epistemology Aesthetics Logic Ethics 3 1 2 4 5 Philosophy

15. 1. METAPHYSICS Literally means “After physics.” Early Greek Philosophers claimed that it is the study of the nature of reality. Analyzes whether everything is material, and if life, energy and mind are its different manifestations. Study things beyond physical concepts or things that cannot be experienced. Foundation of Philosophy

16. Example: Concept of GOD FREEDOM SOUL “Metaphysics is the first Philosophy” - Aristotle

17. Some examples of specific questions that metaphysicians reflect upon are the following: WHAT IS THE MEANING OF LIFE? WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF LIFE? DOES GOD EXIST?

18. Subdivision of Metaphysics General Metaphysics/ Ontology S pecial Metaphysics - Cosmology - Psychology - Anthropology - Natural Theology/ Theodicy

19. 1. General Metaphysics/ Ontology Onto Logos - Being - Knowledge or study Studies Beings in their ultimate causes, reasons and principles through the aid of Human reason alone. Ontology

20. Basic Questions: What is being? Why do things exist, rather notexist at all? What is the meaning and nature of reality?

21. 2. Special Metaphysics Kosmos Logos - World - Knowledge or study Studies the world (or universe) including its origin, dynamics, and characteristics, as well as the laws that govern its order. Cosmology

22. Basic Questions: What is the origin of the world? What is the basic material of which the world is formed? How do things arise? Is the world or universe infinite?

23. Psyche Logos - Mind - Knowledge or study Study of the nature and dynamics of the human person alone. - with emphasis on the way the persons mind functions and the way she behaves. PSYCHOLOGY

24. Basic Questions: What is the nature of Human Person? Is there such thing as human nature? Is there life after death?

25. Theos Logos - God - Knowledge or study Study of the nature of God and Religious Beiefs THEODICY or Natural Theology

26. Basic Questions: Is there God? What and Who is God, If he exist at all? How do we prove the existence of God?

27. 2. EPISTEMOLOGY Comes from the Greek word “ episteme ” which means “knowledge”. Deals with various problems concerning knowledge. Study of the Nature and Scope of knowledge and justified belief.

28. Basic Questions: WHAT IS KNOWLEDGE? WHAT DO WE KNOW? HOW IS KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED? WHAT MAKES JUSTIFIED BELIEFS JUSTIFIED?

29. 3. LOGIC looks into whether there are rules or principles that govern reasoning. As a study of reasoning, logic incorporates the analysis of the methods of deduction and induction to provide the rules on how people ought to think logically. Science of correct thinking. Study of principles and criteria of a valid argument. distinguish sound or good reasoning from unsound or bad reasoning.

30. Basic Questions: WHAT IS CORRECT REASONING? WHAT DISTINGUISHES A GOOD ARGUMENT FROM A BAD ONE? HOW CAN DETECT A FALLACY IN AN ARGUMENT?

31. 4. ETHICS derived from the Greek term “Ethos” meaning “Moral Philosophy ” or “Custom/habit” is concerned about human conduct and morality of human actions. How human persons ought to act and search for a definition of a right conduct and good life. The systematic reflections in ethics will lead to an understanding of the concept of right and wrong and conceptions about morality which affe c ts one’s actions toward others. Thus, ethics helps people prioritize their values.

32. ETHICS vs MORALITY Theory of right action and greater good. Practice of rightness and wrongness of Human Action .

33. Basic Questions: WHAT IS A RIGHT CONDUCT AS THAT WHICH CAUSES THE REALIZATION OF THE GREATEST GOOD? HOW DO WE DETERMINE A RIGHT CONDUCT?

34. 5. AESTHETICS Comes from the Greek word “aisthetikos” which means “sensitive” or “perceptive”. the Philosopher is concerned with the analysis of aesthetic experience and the idea of what is beautiful. The analysis is directed toward the nature of aesthetic judgement, standards of beauty, and the objectivity of these standards i s response to the questions raised about the meaning of aesthetic experience.

35. In Aesthetics, philosophers analyze whether beauty is based on utility, experience, form, pleasure, or expression. For example, if y ou look at a painti n g or any kind of artwork, what are your bases of judgement to say that it is beautiful? How does a panel of judges decide who wins beauty pageant? How paintings priced?

36. BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY Metaphysics Epistemology Aesthetics Logic Ethics 3 1 2 4 5 Philosophy

37. Identify the branch of Philosophy in which each given Question is likely to be asked and answered. _________ 1. What is the nature of reasoning? _________ 2. What is the nature of induction and how similar to or different from scientific knowledge? _________ 3. What is the nature of God? _________ 4. Does God exist? _________ 5. What is the mind? Does it really interact with the body? _________ 6. What is the purpose of life? _________ 7. Is there life after death? _________ 8. Is the conception of beauty relative? _________ 9. Is morality relative? _________ 10. What can be known if the origin of knowledge is experience?

38. The Meaning, origin, characteristics, and branches of Philosophy

39. The word Philosophy comes from the two Greek words PHILOS , which means love and SOPHIA which means wisdom.

40. Philosophy can be defined as the study that uses human reason to investigate the ultimate causes, reasons and principles which governs all things.

41. In addition, philosophy is divided into several branches namely: aesthetics, logic, epistemology, ethics, and metaphysics.

42. Philosophy can also be seen as framework, as an examination of knowledge and as a discipline. Philosophy is concerned with the deepest and biggest questions in life.

43. ASSIGNMENT! 1. What Philosophical question/s have you asked in the past or is asking right now? 2. What makes your question/s personally significant? Direction: In a 1 whole sheet of paper, answer the following questions. (Essay type)

44. Example: a. Why does man work at the expense of health? b. Why love is complicated? c. Why do people have to die? d. Why can’t my parents understand me?

45. BIBLE VERSE OF THE DAY: “THE FEAR OF THE LORD IS THE BEGINNING OF WISDOM” – Hebrews 13:8

46. Philosophy Infographics Greek Philosophy Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun Modern Philosophy Despite being red, Mars is cold, not hot Patristics Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun Pre-Socratics Venus is the second planet from the Sun Scholasticism Saturn is the ringed planet. It’s a gas giant Hellenism Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all

47. Philosophy Infographics Beginning Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun 700 B.C. Cosmological Mars is actually a very cold place, not hot 500 B.C. Anthropological Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun 400 B.C. Ontological Saturn is the ringed planet. It’s a gas giant 300 B.C. Ethical Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all 100 B.C.

48. Philosophy Infographics Idealism Despite being red, Mars is cold Realism Venus has a beautiful name Skepticism Earth is the planet we live on Dogmatism Mercury is a really small planet Relativism Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all Philosophical currents Subjectivism Saturn is a gas giant and has several rings Empiricism Neptune is far away from Earth Rationalism Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all Criticism Jupiter is also a gas giant Pragmatism Pluto is considered a dwarf planet

49. Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here Philosophy Infographics Mercury It’s the smallest planet of them all 30 % Venus Venus has a beautiful name 40 % Neptune Neptune is far away from Earth 10 % Mars Despite being red, Mars is cold 20 %

50. Philosophy Infographics Jupiter Jupiter is a very big planet Mars Mars is a cold place, not hot Neptune Neptune is far away from Earth Mercury Mercury is a very small planet

51. Philosophy Infographics The intelligible world Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet of them all The sensible world Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun

52. Philosophy Infographics Birth: 429 B.C. Mercury is the closest object to the Sun Academy: c. 378 B.C. Despite being red, Mars is a cold place, not hot Students of Socrates Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun Early Dialogues Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun Knowledge Socratic Ethics Virtue Middle Dialogues Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun Theory Ideal State Nature Immortality Late Dialogues Despite being red, Mars is cold, not hot Doctriness Cosmology Law & Ethics Pleasure

53. 2 3 1 4 5 Philosophy Infographics Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun Pythagoras Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all Socrates Earth is the only planet that harbors life Plato Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun Aristotle Venus is the second planet from the Sun Descartes

54. Philosophy Infographics Mullā Sadrā Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one Eschatology Philosophical Exegesis Ontology Physiology Cosmology Qur’anic Hermeneutics

55. Philosophy Infographics Background Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all Political Philosophy Despite being red, Mars is a cold planet Social Contract Venus is the second planet from the Sun Moral Philosophy Neptune is far away from Earth

56. Philosophy Infographics Contemporary Philosophy Myriad Types Philosophy of Religion Political Philosophy Analytic Metaphysics Philosophy of language Philosophy of science Epistemology Aesthetics Post-Structuralist Post Analytic-Philosophy

57. Venus Venus is the second planet from the Sun Jupiter Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all Mars Despite being red, Mars is a cold planet Mercury Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun 04 01 03 02 Philosophy Infographics

58. 1 2 3 4 Philosophy Infographics Mercury It’s the closest planet to the Sun and also the smallest one Despite being red, Mars is a cold place full of iron oxide dust Mars It's a gas giant and the biggest planet in the Solar System Jupiter Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun Neptune

59. Philosophy Infographics 50 % Venus Venus is the second planet from the Sun 01 75 % Mercury Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun 02 60 % Neptune Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun 03

60. Philosophy Infographics Venus is the second planet from the Sun Venus Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun Mercury Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place Mars Saturn is composed mostly of hydrogen and helium Saturn Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun Neptune It’s a gas giant and the biggest planet of them all Jupiter

61. 2 1 3 Philosophy Infographics Jupiter It’s the biggest planet of them all Mars Despite being red, Mars is a cold place Neptune It’s the farthest planet from the Sun

62. The Confucianism Ideal Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one Confucianism Personal Virtue Governmental Virtue Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet of them all Philosophy Infographics

63. Philosophy Infographics Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all Despite being red, Mars is a cold place Venus is the second planet from the Sun Cognitivism Behaviorism Constructivism Connectivism

64. Philosophy Infographics Mars Despite being red, Mars is cold, not hot Neptune Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun Saturn Saturn is the ringed planet. It’s a gas giant Jupiter Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all

65. Philosophy Infographics Thinker for Group Sophists Socrates Plato Aristotle Epicureanism Stoics Main Idea Mercury is a small planet Mars is a cold place, not hot Earth is where we all live on Saturn is a gas giant Pluto is a dwarf planet Jupiter is a big planet Important Contribution Venus has a nice name Neptune is far away from us Uranus is far away from us Jupiter is a big planet Mercury is a small planet Neptune is far away from us Today’s Influence Mars is full of iron oxide dust Mercury is a warm planet Jupiter is also a gas giant Saturn has several rings Venus has a nice name Mars is full of iron oxide dust

66. Philosophy Infographics Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet in the Solar System Saturn is composed of hydrogen and helium. It also has several rings Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun 1 2 3 4

67. Philosophy Infographics Despite being red, Mars is a cold place full of iron oxide dust Sophists Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet in our System Socrates Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one Plato Saturn is composed mostly of hydrogen and helium Aristotle Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun Epicureans Venus is the second planet from the Sun Stoics Philosophers

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