Iroda Narzullayeva prezintatsiya pdf.pptx

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1. THE PHENOMENON OF METAPHORIZATION IN JACK LONDON’S NOVEL “MARTIN EDEN” By : Narzullayeva Iroda Narimon qizi Scientific superviser : Oblokulova Mastura Mizrobovna

2. Table of contents Chapter : Tropes and styles in London’s discourse Chapter: Metaphorization and metaphor theory Introduction Chapter : The phenomenon of metaphorization in Jack london’s novel “Martin Eden” 1 2 3 Conclusion

3. The aim of the research : is to find out how often Conceptual Metaphor are used in speech and what kind of metaohors are used frequently The subject of this research use and role of metaphorization as a linguistic and stylistic phenomenon in Jack London’s novel Martin Eden. It explores the conceptual, cognitive, and functional aspects of metaphor within the novel’s narrative The object of the work is the study and analysis of metaphorization and the use of metaphor in Jack London's novel Martin Eden ,the work seeks to investigate how Jack London employs metaphors as stylistic and conceptual tools to enrich the narrative and convey deeper meanings in Martin Eden.

4. Chapter I The Conseptual metaphor and metaphor theory

5. A metaphor is a  figure of speech  that is used to make a comparison, but in a way different from a  simile . It makes the comparison as if it was literally true. In other words, it can be said that a metaphor is an implied comparison. The study can be divided into two stages: the traditional metaphor stage and the conceptual metaphor stage.  Cognitive linguists have shown that metaphor is central to language and thinking . According to the Conceptual Metaphor Theory, metaphors in language ( linguistic metaphors ) and metaphors in mind (conceptual metaphors ) are closely related to each other

6. Cognitive function of metaphor CONCEPTUAL METAPHOR Ontological metaphors Boy!the wheels are turning now.I’m a little rusty today.(mind is a machine) You have to handle him with care since his wife’s death.He broke under cross-examonation(mind is brilliant object) Orientational metaphors I fell into depression (Sad is down) He is under hypnosis (Unconscious is down) Structural metaphors She produced several illustration to buttres her argument ( argument is a battle) He attacked every weak point in my argument (argument is a war)

7. Chapter II The phenomenon metaphorization in Jack London’s novel “MARTIN EDEN”

8. 1.“Ruth”!He had not thought a simple sound could be so beautiful .’’ Ruth ”!It was talisman , a magic word to conjure with Examples of m etaphorical expressions about Ruth in the novel Objet metaphor Conceptual metaphor

9. Complex metaphor Abstract metaphor Conceptual metaphor

10. Sooner of later she was going to awaken anyway ,and she did awaken and lo,Ruth is no more than a child.It is a calf love with the pair of them and they will grow out of it

11. Mrs.Morse ‘s description about Martin Eden in the novel Character metaphor Implicit metaphor Comparative metaphor Implicit metaphor

12. She did not know the actual fire of love . Her knowledge of love was purely theoretical, and she conceived of it as lambent flame , gentle as the fall of dew or the ripple of quiet water , and cool as velvet - dark of summer nights Direct metaphor Direct mataphor

13. Chapter III Tropes And S tyle in London’s Discourse

14. Jack London’s writing way Vivid Descriptions His prose is known for its vivid and detailed descriptions of nature and rugged landscapes. London’s ability to paint a picture with words Realism his settings come alive, whether it was the icy Yukon in The Call of the Wild or the harsh seas in The Sea-Wolf. Jack London was a highly influential American writer known for his adventurous and naturalistic writing style. His work often explore themes of survival, nature, and the human condition. Here's an overview of his writing skills and characteristics: Vivid Descriptions Themes of Survival and Nature Realism and Naturialism Accessibility detailed Compare real life to his images Characters struggle for living in different ways Clear for reading

15. CONTAINER METAPHOR Visual fields That's in the center of my field of vision. There's nothing in sight . I can't get all of the ships in sight at once Events, Actions, Activities and States Half-way into the race, I ran out of energy How did you get into window washing as a profession ? DESIGNATOR CONTAINER

16. 1. "Up" as positive, "down" as negative Up : "I'm feeling up today," "Things are looking up." Down : "I'm feeling down," "He hit rock bottom." 2 . "In" as inclusion, "out" as exclusion " I'm in the group," "She's out of the loop." 3 . " Forward " as progress, "backward " as regression "We’re moving forward with the project," "Don’t take a step back." STRUCTURAL METAPHOR Time is Money" 1 . Metaphor : "Time is money." 2 . Source Domain : Money (a finite, valuable resource). 3 . Target Domain: Time (an abstract concept). 4 . Mappings Money can be spent → Time can be used. Money can be saved → Time can be preserved. Money can be wasted → Time can be wasted. ORIENTATINAL METAPHOR

17. 1. Ideas as Objects " I can't grasp this idea ." detailed (can’t undrstand ) " He threw out a suggestion .“(refuse) 2 . Emotions as Containers "She’s filled with joy .“(very happy) "I’m bursting with anger .“(angry) 3 . The Mind as a Physical Space "I can’t get that out of my head .“(can’t forget) " His thoughts are all over the place .« ( distracted) 4 . Activities as Entities " That meeting was a waste of time." " The argument collapsed under scrutiny .“( unbeliveble ) 5 . Life as a Journey "I’m at a crossroads in my life .“(way of choice) " We’r e taking different paths .“(we are in different choice) Ontological metaphor In the ontological metaphor cocepts , ideas and experience are represented as physical object ,substances or entities .

18. CONCLUSION Jack London took much care in editing his stories, which display a great number of stylistic devices. They make the stories more colourful and emotional, thus enabling the audience to perceive the author’s attitude to issues and things he wanted to emphasize. The short-story genre that Jack London chose to write predetermines to a certain extent the grammatical order and vocabulary of his discourse. But in this case the laconic tone of the stories is associated with special expressiveness of language thanks to the use of particular expressive means and stylistic devices This study mainly focused on recognizing personifications ( giving human traits to non-human things ) after reading . While the methods used weren’t highly controlled , the findings suggest that recognizing personifications depends more on their inherent features than on external factors . The study also categorized personifications into four useful types for further analysis . In literature , metaphors are often more creative , complex , and deliberate compared to everyday language . Literary metaphors are designed to stand out and challenge the reader’s perception . Some believe metaphors in literature are primary and everyday ones are simplified versions , while others think the opposite — that literary metaphors build on everyday ones . Either way , literary metaphors tend to feel more innovative and meaningful . Ultimately , metaphors are essential to how we understand and experience the world . They act as tools for perceiving things , much like our senses , offering unique insights into both literature and daily life .

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