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Tutorial Sessions
A total of eight (8) hours are set aside for this course and they form a part of your learning process as you have an opportunity to receive face-to-face interaction with your informal facilitator and to receive answers to questions or classifications which you may have. Also, you may contact your tutorial facilitator by telephone or e-mail.
As an open and distant learner, you are expected to prepare ahead of time by studying the relevant study units, write your questions so as to gain maximum benefit from tutorial sessions. Information about the location and time schedule for facilitation will be available at your study centre.
Note that tutorial sessions are flexible arrangements between you and your tutorial facilitator. You will need to contact your study centre to arrange the time schedule for the sessions. You will also need to obtain your tutorial facilitator’s phone number and e-mail address.
Tutorial sessions are optional however; participating in them provides tremendous benefits because they provide a forum for interaction and group discussions which will maximise the isolation you may experience as an open and distant learner.
Facilitation
This is a learning process that takes place both within and outside of tutorial sessions. Your tutorial facilitator guides your learning by doing the following things.
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1.0. Providing answers to your questions during tutorial sessions on phone or by e-mail
2.0. Coordinating group discussions
3.0. Providing feedback on your assignments
4.0. Posing questions to confirm learning outcomes
5.0. Coordinating, marking and recording your assignments/examination score(s)
6.0. Monitoring your progress.
English language is the language of instruction for this course. The course material is available both in print and in CD. It is also on the National Open University if Nigeria website. However, on your part, you are to prepare ahead of time by studying and writing your questions so as to maximally benefit from facilitation. Information about the location and time of facilitation will be available at your study course.
This is a flexible arrangement between you and your tutorial facilitator. You should contact your tutorial facilitator whenever:
1.0. You do not understand any part of the study unit
2.0. You have difficulty with the self assessment exercises
3.0. You have a question or a problem with an assignment, with your tutorial facilitator’s comments on an assignment or with the grading of an assignment.
Counselling
Counselling is your part of learning which helps to facilitate the learning process. This service is available to you at two levels-academic and personal. At the study centre, student counsellors are available to provide guidance for personal issues that may affect your studies. In addition, your tutorial facilitators and study centre manager can assist you with questions on academic matters such as course materials, grades, facilitation, etc. Endeavour to have the telephone

1. Principles of Marketing Kotler and Armstrong Insert Textbook Cover Image Chapter 8 : Advertising and Public Relations Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-1

2. Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-2 Advertising and Public Relations

3. Advertising and Public Relations Learning Objectives Objective 1: Define the role of advertising in the promotion mix. Objective 2: Describe the major decisions involved in developing an advertising program. Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-3

4. Learning Objectives Objective 3: Define the role of public relations in the promotion mix. Objective 4: Explain how companies use PR to communicate with their publics. Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-4 Advertising and Public Relations

5. Advertising and Public Relations Learning Objective 1 Define the role of advertising in the promotion mix. Advertising Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-5

6. Advertising is a ny paid form of nonpersonal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor. Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-6 Advertising

7. Advertising Major Advertising Decisions Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-7

8. Advertising and Public Relations Learning Objective 1 Define the role of advertising in the promotion mix. Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-8

9. Advertising and Public Relations Learning Objective 2 Describe the major decisions involved in developing an advertising program. Setting Advertising Objectives Setting the Advertising Budget Developing Advertising Strategy Evaluating Advertising Effectiveness and Return on Advertising Investment Other Advertising Considerations Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-9

10. An advertising objective is a specific communication task to be accomplished with a specific target audience during a specific time. Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-10 Setting Advertising Objectives

11. Informative advertising is used when introducing a new product category to build primary demand. Persuasive advertising is important with increased competition to build selective demand. C omparative advertising is wh en a company compares its brand with othe r brands. Reminder advertising is important with mature products to help maintain customer relationships and keep customers thinking about the product. Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-11 Setting Advertising Objectives

12. Stage in product life cycle Market share Competition Factors to Consider Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-13 Setting the Advertising Budget

13. Advertising strategy is the strategy by which the company accomplishes its advertising objectives and consists of: Creating advertising messages Selecting advertising media Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-14 Developing Advertising Strategy

14. Creating the Advertising Message and Brand Content Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-15 Developing Advertising Strategy Advertising clutter : Today’s consumers, armed with an arsenal of weapons, can choose what they watch and don’t watch. Increasingly, they are choosing not to watch ads.

15. Advertisements need to be better planned, more imaginative, more entertaining, and more rewarding to consumers. Madison & Vine —the intersection of Madison Avenue and Hollywood—represents the merging of advertising and entertainment . Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-16 Developing Advertising Strategy Creating the Advertising Message and Brand Content

16. Message and content strategy- The first step in creating effective advertising content is to plan a message strategy —the general message that will be communicated to consumers. Identifies consumer benefits Follows from company’s broader positioning and customer value creation strategies Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-17 Developing Advertising Strategy Creating the Advertising Message and Brand Content

17. The creative concept is the compelling “big idea” that will bring an advertising message strategy to life in a distinctive and memorable way. Characteristics of the appeals should be: Meaningful Believable Distinctive Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-18 Developing Advertising Strategy Message and Content Strategy

18. Message execution is when the advertiser turns the big idea into an actual ad execution that will capture the target market’s attention and interest. The creative team must find the best approach, style, tone, words, and format for executing the message. Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-19 Developing Advertising Strategy Message Execution

19. Message execution also includes: Tone Positive or negative Attention-getting words Format Illustration Headline Copy Copyright ©2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-21 Message Execution Developing Advertising Strategy

20. Consumers submit ad message ideas, videos, and other brand content. Incorporates the voice of the customer into brand messages Generates greater customer engagement Copyright ©2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-22 Developing Advertising Strategy Consumer Generated Content

21. The major steps in advertising media selection are : Determining reach , frequency , impact, and engagement Choosing among major media types Selecting specific media vehicles Choosing media timing Selecting Advertising Media Copyright ©2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-23 Developing Advertising Strategy

22. Reach is a measure of the percentage of people in the target market who are exposed to the ad campaign during a given period of time. Frequency is a measure of how many times the average person in the target market is exposed to the message. Impact is the qualitative value of a message exposure through a given medium. Engagement is a measure of things such as ratings, readership, listenership, and click-through rates. Determining Reach, Frequency, Impact, and Engagement Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-24 Developing Advertising Strategy

23. Selecting media vehicles involves decisions presenting the message effectively and efficiently to the target customer and must consider the message’s: Impact Effectiveness Cost Choosing among Major Media Types Copyright ©2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-25 Developing Advertising Strategy

24. Narrowcasting focuses the message on selected market segments. Lowers cost Targets more effectively Selecting Specific Media Vehicles Television Magazine Online and mobile vehicles Copyright ©2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-26 Developing Advertising Strategy Choosing among Major Media Types

25. When deciding on media timing, the planner must consider: Seasonality Pattern of the advertising Continuity—scheduling evenly within a given period Pulsing—scheduling unevenly within a given period Deciding on Media Timing Copyright ©2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-27 Developing Advertising Strategy

26. Return on advertising investment is the net return on advertising investment divided by the costs of the advertising investment. Evaluating Advertising Effectiveness and Return on Advertising Investment Copyright ©2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-28

27. Communication effects indicate whether the ad and media are communicating the ad message well and can be tested before or after the ad runs. Sales and profit effects compare past sales and profits with past expenditures or through experiments. Copyright ©2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-29 Evaluating Advertising Effectiveness and Return on Advertising Investment

28. Organizing for advertising Agency vs. in-house International advertising decisions Standardization or Adaptation Other Advertising Considerations Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-30

29. Advertising and Public Relations Learning Objective 2 Describe the major decisions involved in developing an advertising program. Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-31

30. Learning Objective 3 Define the role of public relations in the promotion mix. Public Relations The Role and Impact of PR Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-32 Advertising and Public Relations

31. Public relations involves building good relations with the company’s various publics by obtaining favorable publicity, building up a good corporate image, and handling or heading off unfavorable rumors, stories, and events. Public Relations Copyright ©2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-33

32. Press relations or press agency involves the creation and placing of newsworthy information to attract attention to a person, product, or service. Product publicity involves publicizing specific products. Public affairs involves building and maintaining national or local community relations. Copyright ©2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-34 Public Relations

33. Lobbying involves building and maintaining relations with legislators and government officials to influence legislation and regulation. Investor relations involves maintaining relationships with shareholders and others in the financial community. Development involves public relations with donors or members of nonprofit organizations to gain financial or volunteer support. Copyright ©2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-35 Public Relations

34. Lower cost than advertising Stronger impact on public awareness than advertising Has power to engage consumers and make them part of the brand story The Role and Impact of Public Relations Copyright ©2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-36

35. Learning Objective 3 Define the role of public relations in the promotion mix. Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-37 Advertising and Public Relations

36. Learning Objective 4 Explain how companies use PR to communicate with their publics. Major Public Relations Tools Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-38 Advertising and Public Relations

37. Major Public Relations Tools Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-39

38. Learning Objective 4 Explain how companies use PR to communicate with their publics. Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-40 Advertising and Public Relations

39. Principles of Marketing PowerPoint Copyright Page Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc. 15-41