Lactation and its management

introduction
definition
lactation and its management

1. LACTATION AND ITS MANAGEMENT

2. LACTATION For the first 2 days following delivery, no further anatomic changes in the breasts occur. The secretion from the breasts called colostrum , which starts during pregnancy.

3. COMPOSITION OF THE COLOSTRUM It is deep yellow serous fluid, alkaline in reaction. It has got a higher specific gravity; a high protein, vitamin A, sodium and chloride content but has got lower carbohydrate, fat and potassium than the breast milk

4. Physiology of Lactation Lactation can be divided into 4 stages: Mammogenesis -Development of breasts to a functional state 2 . Lactogenesis -Synthesis and secretion of milk from the breast alveoli 3 . Galactokinesis -Ejection of milk outside the breast 4 . Galactopoiesis -Maintenance of lactation 

5. 1.Mammogenesis Growth of ducts and lobuloalveolar systems This starts from birth to puberty and continues in pregnancy

6. During pregnancy In early pregnancy a marked increase in ductular and lobular formation. Progesterone :causes increased growth of alveoli size and lobes, Estrogen :Stimulates milk duct system to grow and differentiate, deposition of fat. Prolactin :contributes to increased growth and differentiation of the alveoli and ductal structures.

7. CONT.. The secretary activity is enhanced growth hormone, thyroxine , glucocorticoids and insulin.