LANDFILL AND ITS EFFECT(Managing waste).pptx

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The title is Landfill and its effect

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1. LANDFILL AND ITS EFFECT MANAGING WASTE GROUP-XX Environmental Studies Project GROUP MEMBER NAMES HERE

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS Community and role of individual What are landfills? W hy are they important? Government and their role H ow does landfill impact environment? 01 05 04 02 THE END! Some methods to contribute in waste management 06 03 INTRODUCTION POLICIES AWARENESS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT CONCLUSION WASTE MANAGEMENT

3. Introduction: Landfills and their classification • A landfill is any form of waste disposal land, ranging from an uncontrolled rubbish dump to a full containment site engineered with high standards to protect the environment. • Landfilling practices in developing countries differ from that of developed countries; which, follow advanced landfilling practices such as sanitary landfills as opposed to open dumping practices. Four main types of landfills : 1. Municipal Solid Waste Landfills: (Also known as MSW Landfills)They are the most common type of landfills found where most residential waste types i.e. everything from used tissues to cardboard boxes are disposed. MSW landfills tend to have some of the strictest safety and monitoring regulations which include restrictions on location, landfill lining, operating practices, groundwater monitoring and closing practices. 2. Industrial Waste Landfills: An industrial waste landfill is where industrial waste is disposed of. They are most often used for construction debris disposal, which is why they are commonly known as C&D landfills. Items often brought to industrial landfills include: concrete ,Lumber ,Asphalt ,Gypsum etc. 3. Hazardous Waste Landfills: For important reasons, hazardous waste landfills are the most closely regulated and structured landfills. They are specifically designed to hold hazardous wastes in a way that virtually eliminates the chance of it being released into the environment. Some of the design requirements for hazardous waste landfills include: Double liners ,leak detection systems etc. 4. Green Waste Landfills: While not officially sanctioned landfills by the EPA, many municipalities are starting to offer a place for organic materials to naturally decompose . These composting sites are on the rise because most standard landfills and transfer stations are not as accepting of organic materials like fruits, vegetables, and, in particular, yard waste disposal Common types of green waste include: Mulch, Weeds, Leaves, Tree branches

4. Importance of Landfills To prevent contamination of waste into the surrounding environment , especially groundwater due to open dumping. Some materials can not be recycled, and hence used for energy or composted . Increasing population resulting in increase in waste .

5. ECOSYSTEM DISRUPTION Forests : Landfills can cause deforestation, which can lead to habitat loss for forest-dwelling animals such as birds, mammals, and reptiles . Wetlands : Landfills can lead to the destruction of wetlands, which are important habitats for many species of birds, fish, and amphibians . Grasslands : Landfills can cause the destruction of grasslands, which are important habitats for many species of birds, mammals, and reptiles . Coastal Areas : Landfills can lead to the destruction of coastal habitats, which are important breeding grounds for many species of marine life, including fish, birds, and sea turtles . Here are four ways in which landfills can disrupt ecosystems: Soil Contamination : Landfills can contaminate soil with hazardous chemicals and heavy metals, which can cause serious health problems for animals which come into contact with the soil as well as soil infertility. Wildlife Disturbance : The presence of landfills can lead to habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation. Air Pollution : Landfills can release harmful gases into the air, which can cause respiratory problems for all animals. Water Pollution: Landfills can contaminate water sources with hazardous chemicals and heavy metals which causes harm to aquatic life

6. Waste Management Waste Prevention: The ideal waste management approach is to prevent waste generation. Strategies include environmentally conscious manufacturing, leakage detection, chemical neutralization, and water-saving technologies. Recycling and Reuse: Recycling involves recovering materials like glass, paper, plastics, metals, etc., for the fabrication of new products. Reuse includes using materials without significant processing, reducing the need for raw materials. Biological Treatment: Involves treating waste to degrade biodegradable materials, separating organic and inorganic fractions. Methods include aerobic composting, anaerobic digestion, and mechanical biological treatment (MBT). Incineration: Waste combustion at high temperatures to produce energy. Pros include energy production and waste volume reduction. Cons involve high initial construction costs and emissions of toxic ash particles. Landfill Disposal: Despite other methods, landfill disposal remains common method Modern landfills have engineered structures, liner systems, leachate collection, and gas removal systems. Landfills can be designed to accept either hazardous or municipal solid waste. Challenges in Waste Management: Challenges include public opposition, landfill capacity decrease, and increased costs due to regulations.

7. GOVERNMENT POLICIES Launched in 2014, this nationwide campaign focuses on achieving cleanliness and promoting sanitation. It includes waste management as a key component. Some states in India have implemented or proposed bans on certain types of single-use plastics to reduce environmental pollution. International Collaboration: Ban on Plastic Waste: Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Mission): India has engaged in collaborations with international organizations to learn from global best practices in waste management. The government has been running campaigns to raise awareness about waste management practices and the importance of reducing, reusing, and recycling. There is a growing emphasis on decentralized waste management models, encouraging local solutions and community involvement. The Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016, emphasize the concept of extended producer responsibility, making producers responsible for the end-of-life disposal of their products. Decentralized Waste Management Models: Campaigns and Public Awareness: Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR):

8. Community Awareness Community awareness plays a crucial role in addressing the issues surrounding landfills and their environmental impacts. Here’s how emphasizing community awareness can help reduce waste going to landfills, along with ways individuals and communities can contribute to waste reduction. Role of Community Awareness: Understanding Landfill Impact: Educate the community about the detrimental effects of landfills on the environment—pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, soil contamination, and the depletion of natural resources. Promote Alternatives: Highlight alternative waste management methods like recycling, composting, and waste-to-energy processes that reduce landfill dependency.

9. Ways Individuals and Communities Can Contribute to Waste Reduction Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: Encourage individuals to follow the three R’s: Reduce waste by minimizing consumption, reuse items when possible, and recycle materials like paper, plastics, glass, and metal. Composting: Promote composting of organic waste at the household or community level. Composting reduces organic matter in landfills and produces nutrient-rich soil. Support Local Initiatives: Engage in local waste reduction programs, such as participating in community clean-ups, supporting recycling centers, and joining initiatives focused on reducing specific types of waste like electronic or plastic waste. Educational Workshops: Organize workshops and seminars to educate residents about proper waste sorting, the importance of segregating waste, and the impact of their actions on landfill usage. Advocacy for Policy Change: Collaborate to advocate for stricter waste management policies, increased recycling programs, and incentives for reducing landfill waste at the local and regional levels.

10. CONCLUSIONS ABOUT WASTE Landfills have profound environmental impacts. They contribute to pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, soil contamination, and resource depletion. Immediate action is crucial to reduce waste sent to landfills. Through community awareness, advocating for responsible disposal, embracing recycling and composting, and supporting policy changes, individuals and communities can make a significant difference. It's vital to minimize waste generation and explore sustainable alternatives to alleviate the strain on landfills and safeguard our environment.

11. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES www.google.com https://www.researchgate.net/ https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-monroe-environmentalbiology/chapter/15-2-waste-management-strategies/ https://vikaspedia.in/InDG https://www.wburbanservices.gov.in/upload_file/guidlines/swm_guideline.pdf

12. THANK YOU!