Le Corbusier (1887-1965).pptx...........

le corbusier

1. Le Corbusier (1887-1965) Presented by : 22/ARCH/009 22/ARCH/016 21/ARCH/019

2. introduction Charles-Édouard Jeanneret also known as Le Corbusier Born on October 6, 1887 at La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland Swiss-French architect, designer, writer, painter and urban planner Became a French citizen in 1930 Studied architecture in Vienna in 1908 One of the pioneers of modern architecture

3. Early life and education Charles Édouard- Jeanneret was born in the fall of 1887 in the small industrial town of La Chaux -de-Fonds, in the section of the Alps called the Jura Mountains, just across the border from France. His father was a watch engraver and enameller, and his mother worked as a music teacher. He left school when he was only 13 years old and did not have a formal academic training as an architect He entered the Advanced Decorative Arts Course at the Art School in La Chaux -de-Fonds in 1904. The course on decoration there was taught by the painter Charles L'Eplattenier , who would exert a strong influence on him, encouraging him to study architecture In 1905 when he was only 18 years old, in collaboration with Chapallaz and two other students, designed his first house

4. philosophy Le Corbusier explicitly used the modulor in the long tradition of Vitruvius, Leonardo da Vinci’s Vitruvian man, and other attempts to discover mathematical proportions in the human body and then used that knowledge to improve the appearance and function of architecture He based the systems on human measurements, Fibonacci numbers and the Golden Ratio

5. FIVE POINTS OF ARCHITECTURE 1. Pilotis - Replacement of supporting walls by a grid of reinforced concrete columns that bears the structural load is the basis of the new aesthetic 2. The free designing of the ground plan—the absence of supporting walls-means the house is unrestrained in its internal use 3. The free design of the facade—separating the exterior of the building from its structural function-sets the facade free from structural constraints. 4. The horizontal window, which cuts the facade along its entire length, lights rooms equally. 5. Roof gardens on a flat roof can serve a domestic purpose while providing essential protection to the concrete roof. Most succinctly summed up the five points of architecture - VILLA SAVOYE

6. Notable projects

7. The Maison Blanche, the first house by Le Corbusier Le Corbusier designed his first house as an independent architect being only 25 years old, The Maison Blanche. Location – La Chaux -de-Fonds, Switzerland The house was designed in 1912 for his parents and lived here until he moved to Paris in 1915

8. Villa savoye Location - the outskirts of Paris, France. Le Corbusier’s most renowned work and a prime example of Modernist architecture. Completed in 1931 Use of reinforced concrete required for fewer load-bearing internal walls, allowing for an open-plan design.

9. Un headquaters Located in Midtown Manhattan, New York, United States. Completed in 1951 B lue-tinged glass reflects the water below, while the two windowless concrete walls give the building a refined status of solidarity and endurance

10. Notre Dame du Haut It is one of the earliest Modernist churches (Roman Catholic chapel) in Ronchamp , France. Built in 1955 It is one of the finest examples of the architecture of Le Corbusier. It has stained glass, tower, and high ceilings, symbolically drawing the eye – and the mind – towards heaven. Each window is cut through the wall in different sizes and angles, scattering ethereal colored light across the room.

11. Chandigarh Chandigarh was planned by Le Corbusier from 1951 Completed in 1966 Total area 114 sq km and population of 1054600 inhabitants He created sector in its design, each sector has its self sufficient unit with residential, shopping, institutional and commercial area 1200x800m standard size of each sector Using sector as modules, he then place several of these modules to create the grid pattern

12. Palace of Justice, Chandigarh

13. Palace of assembly, Chandigarh

14. Secretariat, Chandigarh

15. Accomplishments Honorary Degree by University of Cambridge in 1959 AIA Gold Medal in 1961 Frank P.Brown medal in 1961 Founding member of Congres International d’architecture modern He was named Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur in 1937 17 of his buildings are inscribed in UNESCO World Heritage Sites reflecting “outstanding contribution to the modern movement”

16. Books by le corbusier 1918: Après le cubisme (After Cubism), with Amédée Ozenfant 1923: Vers une architecture (Towards an Architecture) (frequently mistranslated as "Towards a New Architecture") 1925: Urbanisme (Urbanism) 1925: La Peinture moderne (Modern Painting), with Amédée Ozenfant 1925: L'Art décoratif d'aujourd'hui (The Decorative Arts of Today) 1930: Précisions sur un état présent de l'architecture et de l'urbanisme (Precisions on the present state of architecture and urbanism) 1931: Premier clavier de couleurs (First Color Keyboard) 1935: Aircraft 1935: La Ville radieuse (The Radiant City) 1942: Charte d'Athènes (Athens Charter) 1943: Entretien avec les étudiants des écoles d'architecture (A Conversation with Architecture Students)

17. Later life Le Corbusier died of a heart attack at age 77 in 1965 after swimming on the French Riviera. At the time of his death several projects were on the drawing board: the church of Saint-Pierre in Firminy , finally completed in modified form in 2006, a Palace of Congresses for Strasbourg (1962–65) and a hospital in Venice (1961–1965), which were never built. Le Corbusier designed an art gallery beside the lake in Zürich now called Centre Le Corbusier, it is one of his last finished works

18. legacy Le Corbusier's six-decade career reshaped cities from South America to India. He built seventy five buildings in a dozen countries and worked on over four hundred architectural projects. He disseminated his ideas through his almost forty books and hundreds of published essays. This extensive practice, characterized by the "poetic and often provocative interpretation of the technologies and values of the new machine age," as architectural historian Kenneth Frampton puts it, established him as one of the most influential and controversial artists of the 20th century. Architect, city planner, painter, furniture designer, writer, publisher, and amateur photographer and filmmaker, Le Corbusier introduced unconventional ideas that helped shape modern society. As suggested by Kenneth Frampton "no single scholar has been able to master all the ramifications" of Le Corbusier's creativity, not the least because Le Corbusier's perspectives and interpretations of the world and its interaction with architecture often changed and remain difficult to pin down. Thus his work continues to be studied, criticized, and reinterpreted today, gaining new meanings and influencing generations to come.

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