learner characteristics and learning styles and strategies

discuss the types of learners and the learning styles and strategies.

1. LEARNER CHARACTERISTICS: AGE, APTITUDE, & MOTIVATION;LEARNING STYLES AND STRATEGIES J. DAVIS Jose Rizal University

2. Learner Characteristics The concept of  learner characteristics  is used in the sciences of learning and cognition to designate a target group of learners and define those aspects of their personal, academic, social, or cognitive self that may influence how and what they learn . Learner characteristics are important for instructional designers as they allow them to design and create  tailored instructions  for a target group .

3. Learner characteristics can be: P ersonal Academic S ocial/emotional C ognitive in nature

4. Personal Characteristics Relate to demographic information such as age, gender , maturation, language, social economic status, cultural background, and specific needs of a learner group such as particular skills and disabilities for and/or impairments to learning.

5. Academic Characteristics A re more education and/or learning related such as learning goals (of an individual or a group), prior knowledge, educational type, and educational level.

6. Social/emotional Characteristics R elate to the group or to the individual with respect to the group. Examples of social/emotional characteristics are group structure , place of the individual within a group, sociability, self-image (also feelings of self-efficacy and agency), mood, et cetera.

7. Cognitive Characteristics R elate to such things as attention span, memory, mental procedures, and intellectual skills which determine how the learner perceives, remembers , thinks, solves problems, organizes and represents information in her/his brain.

8. Motivating Students Intrinsic Motivation Intrinsic motivators  include fascination with the subject, a sense of its relevance to life and the world, a sense of accomplishment in mastering it, and a sense of calling to it . Advantages :   Intrinsic motivation can be long-lasting and self-sustaining.  Efforts to build this kind of motivation are also typically efforts at promoting student learning.  Such efforts often focus on the subject rather than rewards or punishments Disadvantages :   On the other hand, efforts at fostering intrinsic motivation can be slow to affect behavior and can require special and lengthy preparation.

9. Extrinsic Motivation Extrinsic motivators  include parental expectations, expectations of other trusted role models, earning potential of a course of study, and grades (which keep scholarships coming ). Advantages :  Extrinsic motivators more readily produce behavior changes and typically involve relatively little effort or preparation.  Disadvantages :  On the other hand, extrinsic motivators can often distract students from learning the subject at hand.

10. Effects of Motivation on Learning Styles Deep learners  respond well to the challenge of mastering a difficult and complex subject . Strategic learners  are motivated primarily by rewards. Surface learners  are often motivated by a desire to avoid failure.

11. Strategies for Motivating Students Become a role model for student interest Use examples freely Set realistic performance goals Place appropriate emphasis on testing and grading Be free with praise and constructive in criticism

12. Learning Styles Visual  (spatial): You prefer using pictures, images, and spatial understanding. Aural  (auditory-musical):  You prefer using sound and music. Verbal  (linguistic):  You prefer using words, both in speech and writing. Physical  (kinesthetic):  You prefer using your body, hands and sense of touch . Social  (interpersonal):  You prefer to learn in groups or with other people. Solitary  (intrapersonal):  You prefer to work alone and use self-study.   Logical  (mathematical):  You prefer using logic, reasoning and  systems.

13. Effective Teaching Strategies  Visualization Cooperative learning Inquiry-based instruction Technology in the classroom Behavior management

14. 1. Visualization Bring dull academic concepts to life with visual and practical learning experiences, helping your students to understand how their schooling applies in the real-world . 2. Cooperative learning Encourage students of mixed abilities to work together by promoting small group or whole class activities.

15. 3. Inquiry-based instruction Pose thought-provoking questions which inspire your students to think for themselves and become more independent learners . 4. Technology in the classroom Incorporating technology into your teaching is a great way to actively engage your students, especially as digital media surrounds young people in the 21st century.

16. 5. Behavior management Implementing an effective behavior management strategy is crucial to gain your students respect and ensure students have an equal chance of reaching their full potential.