LEARNING FROM OTHER STUDIES AND REVIEWING THE LITERATURE.pptx

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1. LEARNING FROM OTHER STUDIES AND REVIEWING THE LITERATURE

2. Learning Outcomes: Define theoretical and conceptual framework. Illustrate and explain the conceptual framework. Appreciate the essence of the theoretical and conceptual framework in the research paper

3. Importance of Related Theories and Concepts A theoretical framework can be thought of as a map or travel plan (Sinclair, 2007). In the same paper, Sinclair (2007) added that at the start of any research study, it is important to consider relevant theory underpinning the knowledge base of the phenomenon to be researched. By addressing simple questions, the researcher can begin to develop a loosely-structured theoretical framework to guide them.

4. Following questions have been adapted from Slevin and Basford (1999:298) What do I know about the phenomenon that I want to study? What types of knowledge are available to me (empirical, non-empirical, intuitive, moral, or ethical)? What theory will best guide my teaching practice? Is this theory proven through theory-linked research? What other three theories and findings relevant to this place? How can I apply these theories and findings to this practice?

5. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

6. PURPOSE OF THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

7. STRATEGIES IN DEVELOPING THE THEORETICAL Examine your research title and research problem - T he research problem anchors your entire study and forms the basis from which you construct your theoretical framework. Brainstorm about what your consider to be the key variables in your research Conduct a thorough literature re view - By conducting a thorough  literature review,   you can determine how other researchers have defined and drawn connections between these key concepts. As you write the theoretical framework, aim to compare and critically evaluate the approaches that different authors have proposed. After discussing different models and theories, you establish the definitions that best fit your research and justify why this is the case. The present tense is used when writing about theory - Although the past tense can be used to describe the history of a theory or the role of key theorists, the construction of your theoretical framework is happening now.

8. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

9. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK WHEN TO CREATE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK Conceptual frameworks are particularly helpful when the research involves hypothesis testing. In this situation, a conceptual framework can be used to develop your hypotheses. This is often the case when you want to investigate a cause-effect relationship.

10. PURPOSE OF CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

11. POINTERS IN DEVELOPING THE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

12. COMPARISON OF THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ASPECT THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK Definition A structure that supports the theory underlying a research study. A visual representation of the specific concepts being studied. Focus Broad perspective based on existing theories. Specific concepts and variables relevant to the research. Origin Drawn from established literature and existing theories. Emerges from the researcher’s insights and observations. Purpose To articulate relationships between concepts and variables. To outline key variables and their interconnections. Example Psychological theories explaining social media’s impact on mental health. Variables like “time spent on social media” and “reported anxiety levels.” Role in Research Provides a lens through which findings are analyzed. Guides data collection and analysis through a clear map.

13. Draw and describe the conceptual framework based on the given situations below. Anna wants to find out if there is a relationship between the allowance and the amount spent during recess of the Grade 11 students of Mayumi National High School. Help Anna draw and explain her study’s concep tual framework. Joey wants to investigate which of the two fertilizers (Fertilizer X and Fertilizer Y) is more effective in growing the malunggay plant for a month. To measure the effect of the fertilizers, the malunggay plant will be measured in terms of inches. Help Joey draw and explain her study’s conceptual framework .

14. WRITTEN REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

15. A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources tha t provides an overview of a particular topic. It generally follows a discussion of the paper’s thesis statement or the study’s goals or purpose of other research studies. The review of literature and studies involves the critiquing and evaluating  of what other researchers have done in relation to the problem to be studied whether these studies affirmed or negate the subject under study.  The review of related studies  is an important component of research regardless of th e type of research – be it qualitative or quantitative research.

16. THE PURPOSE OF RRL To find out the connection of your research to the current conditions or situations of the world. To know more about theories or concepts underlying your research and to learn from them with respect to your own research study To discover the relation of your research with previous research studies To obtain information on the accuracy or relev ance of your research questions To familiarize yourself with technical terms related to your research

17. BASIC METHODS OF REVIEWING RL TRADITIONAL – used for qualitative research; - begins with research questions, but these are open-ended and subjective type of questions, in contrast to quantitative questions that aim at obtaining exact, specific, and objective answers whose origin or sources are easy to trace. (Ridley 2012, p. 189; Jesson 2011) SYSTEMATIC – for quantitative research. - is “ a question-driven methodology” used by quantitative researchers who begin their research work by asking questions – one big question that states the main problem of the research and a set of sub-questions that deal with specific aspects of the research.

18. STEPS IN CONDUCTING A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Clarifying the research question Planning the research based on your understanding of the research questions Search for litera ture Listing criteria for considering the values of written works Evaluating the quality of previous research studies Summarizing the various forms of knowledge collected.

19. 10 simple rules for writing a Literature Review Pautasso (2013) enumerate ten simple rules for writing a literature review Define the topic and audience Search and re-search the literature Take notes while reading Choose the type of review you wish to write Keep the review focused, but make if of broad interest Be critical and consistent Find a logical structure. Make use of feedback Include your own relevant research Be up-to-date in your review of related literature and studies

20. 10 simple rules for writing a Literature Review Pautasso (2013) enumerate ten simple rules for writing a literature review Define the topic and audience Search and re-search the literature Take notes while reading Choose the type of review you wish to write Keep the review focused, but make if of broad interest Be critical and consistent Find a logical structure. Make use of feedback Include your own relevant research Be up-to-date in your review of related literature and studies