Lec 5 Distribution of Land and Water(Additional Material).ppt

Lec 5 Distribution of Land and Water(Additional Material).ppt

1. Distribution of Land and Water
Class: ADP II Semester QAU Islamabad
Syed Abbas Hyder Shah
Lecturer in Geography
IMCG, Humak, Model Town Islamabad

2. Distribution of Land and Water
The earth is divided into land and water.
The land mass is called continent and
water into ocean and lakes.
The continents are the great land masses
of the earth. There are seven continent on
Earth now: Africa, Antarctica, Asia,
Australia, Europe, North America, and
South America.

3. Distribution of Land and Water
Continent
Area in Square Miles
Percent of Total Land Area on Earth(Square Km)
The World
57,308,738 Sq. Miles
(148,429,000 Sq. Km) 100%
Asia (plus the Middle East)
17,212,000 Sq. Miles
(44,579,000 Sq. Km) 30.00%
Africa
11,608,000 Sq. Miles
(30,065,000 Sq. Km) 20.30%
North America
9,365,000 Sq. Miles
(24,256,000 Sq. Km) 16.30%
South America
6,880,000 Sq. Miles
(17,819,000 Sq. Km) 12.00%
Antarctica
5,100,000 Sq. Miles
(13,209,000 Sq. Km) 8.90%
Europe
3,837,000 Sq. Miles
(9,938,000 Sq. Km) 6.70%
Australia (plus Oceania)
2,968,000 Sq. Miles
(7,687,000 Sq. Km) 5.20%

4. Distribution of Land and Water
Surface area of our planet covered by oceans and continents.
Surface
Percent of Earth's Area (Square Area (Square
Total Surface Area Kilometers) Miles)
Earth's Surface Area Covered
by Land 29.20% 148,940,000 57,491,000
Earth's Surface Area Covered
by Water 70.80% 361,132,000 139,397,000
Pacific Ocean 30.50% 155,557,000 60,045,000
Atlantic Ocean 20.80% 76,762,000 29,630,000
Indian Ocean 14.40% 68,556,000 26,463,000
Southern Ocean 4.00% 20,327,000 7,846,000
Arctic Ocean 2.80% 14,056,000 5,426,000

5. Highest Points on Land
Continent  Highest
point  
Height
(m) 
 
Country
or territory contai
ning
highest point  
Africa Mount
Kiliman
jaro
5,895 Tanzania
Antarctica Vinson
Massif
4,892 Antarctica
Asia Mount
Everes
t
8,848 Nepal, China
Europe Mount
Elbrus
5,633 Russia
South
America
Aconcagua 6,960 Argentina

6. Lowest Points on Land
Continent  Lowest
point 
Height



(m)  
Country
or territory containing


lowest
point 
Africa Lake
Assal
-155 Djibouti
Antarctica Bentley
Subgl
acial
Trench *
-2,540 Antarctica
Asia Dead
Sea
-408 Israel,
Jordan
Australia Lake
Eyre
-15 Australia
Europe Caspian
Sea
-28
 Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Russia

(+ Iran, Turkmenistan)
North
America
Death
Valley
-86 United
States
South
America
Laguna
del
Carbón -105 Argentina

7. Earth’s Water Distribution
Earth’s water is distributed by bar charts. The left-
side bar shows where the water on Earth exists;
about 97 percent of all water is in the oceans. The
middle bar shows the distribution of that three
percent of all Earth's water that is freshwater. The
majority, about 69 percent, is locked up in glaciers
and icecaps, mainly in Greenland and Antarctica.

8. Estimate of Global Water Distribution
Estimate of global water distribution
Water
source


Percent
of
Fresh
Water


Percent
of
Total
Water
Oceans,
Seas, & Bays
- 96.5
Ice
caps, Glaciers, &
Permanent
Snow
68.7 1.74
Groundwater  - 1.7
 Fresh 30.1 0.76
 Saline  - 0.94
Soil
Moisture
0.05 0.001
Ground
Ice & Permafrost
0.86 0.022

9. Estimate of Global Water Distribution
Estimate of global water distribution
Lakes  - 0.013
 Fresh 0.26 0.007
 Saline  - 0.006
Atmosphere 0.04 0.001
Swamp
Water
0.03 0.0008
Rivers 0.006 0.0002
Biological
Water
0.003 0.0001
Total  - 100.00