lecture 1--Introduction_to_Computers_and_Components.pdf

ssuserebc443 3 views 12 slides Sep 22, 2025
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About This Presentation

1. Introduction – المقدمة
o تقدم خلفية عامة عن الموضوع، وتوضح السياق الذي تنطلق منه الدراسة.
2. Statement of the Problem – مشكلة الدراسة
o تحدد المشكلة البحثية بدقة، وتوضح لماذا تستحق ا...


Slide Content

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS AND COMPONENTS
Overview of computers and their components
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KingdomofSaudiArabia
MinistryofEducation
CouncilofUniversityAffairs
ALOOLA COLLEGE
ةيدوعسلا ةيبرعلا ةكلملما
ميلعتلا ةرازو
تاعماجلا نوؤش سلجم
ىلولأا تايلك

What is a Computer?
•An electronic device that processes data and
converts it into useful information.
•Performs arithmetic and logical operations.
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Types of computers
•PersonalComputers (PCs)
•Laptops
•Servers
•Mainframes
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Basic Components of a Computer
•1. CPU (Central Processing Unit) –Executes
instructions.
•2. Memory (RAM) –Temporary data storage.
•3. Storage –Permanent data storage
(HDD/SSD).
•4. Motherboard –Connects all components.
•5. Input/Output Devices (I/O) –Keyboard,
mouse, monitor, printer.
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Central Processing Unit (CPU)
•Components: Control Unit (CU), Arithmetic
Logic Unit (ALU).
•Function: Executes instructions and performs
arithmetic and logical operations.
•Speed measured in GHz.
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Types of Memory
•RAM (Random Access Memory) –Temporary,
fast memory.
•ROM (Read-Only Memory) –Permanent
memory with essential instructions.
•Cache Memory –High-speed memory
integrated in CPU.
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Storage Devices
•HDD (Hard Disk Drive) –Large mechanical
storage.
•SSD (Solid State Drive) –Faster and energy-
efficient.
•USB / External Drives –Portable storage.
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HDD (Hard Disk Drive)
SSD (Solid State Drive)
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USB / External Drives
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Input and Output Devices
•Input Devices: Keyboard, mouse, scanner,
microphone.
•Output Devices: Monitor, printer, speakers.
•Combined I/O Devices: Touchscreen, external
drives.
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Software
•Operating System (OS): Windows, Linux,
macOS
•Application Software: Word processing, design
software, browsers
•Middleware: Connects applications and
hardware
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Summary
•Computers consist of Hardware and Software.
•Each component has a specific function for
efficient operation.
•Basic understanding of components is
essential for every user or professional.
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