LECTURE - 1 RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY COMPETENCY BASED CURRICULUM (2023-24) -.pptx

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1. EBES DOCUMENT COMPETENCY BASED RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY Dr J M Harsoda PROF AND HEAD DEPARTMEN OF PHYSIOLOGYSBKSMI AND RC SUMANDEEP VIDYAPEETH

2. William Harvey (1578 – 1657) William Harvey (1 April 1578 – 3 June 1657) was an English physician who was the first person to describe completely and in detail the systemic circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the body by the heart .

3. CLAUDE BERNARD MEDICINE IS SCIENCE OF SICKNESS WHILE PHYSIOLOGY IS SCIENCE OF LIFE

4. MY STUDENTS : MY TEACHER I HAVE LEARN A LOT OF PHYSIOLOGY FROM MY STUDENTS. I SHALL ALWAYS BE GREATFUL TO MY STUDENTS FOR GIVING ME KNOWLEDGE, RESPECT AND UNCONDITION LOVE. Dr J M Harsoda

5. COMPETENCY BASED RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY PY6.1 DESCRIBE THE FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF RESPIRATORY TRACT PY6.2 DESCRIBE MECHANICS OF NORMAL RESPIRATION, PRESSURE CHANGES DURING VENTILATION. PY6.2 LUNG VOLUMES AND CAPACITIES, ALVEOLAR SURFACE TENSION (PULMONARY SURFACTANT). PY6.2 COMPLIACE OF LUNGS,AIR WAY RESISTANCE,VENTILATION- PERFUSION (VA/Q) RATIO,DIFFUSING CAPACITY LUNGS. PY6.3 DESCRIBE AND DISCUSS THE TRANSPORT OF OXYGEN. PY6.3 DESCRIBE AND DISCUSS THE TRANSPORT OF CARBONDIOXIDE. (NERVOUS AND CHEMICAL CONTROL OF RESPIRATION) PY6.4 DESCRIBE AND DISCUSS THE PHYSIOLOGY OF HIGH ALTITUDE DEEP SEA DIVING PY6.5 DESCRIBE AND DISCUSS THE PRINCIPLE OF ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION,OXYGEN THERAPY,ACCLIMATIZATION AND DECOMPRESSION SICKNESS PY6.6 DESCRIBE AND DISCUSS THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF DYSPNEA,HYPOXIA,CYANOSIS,APHYXIA,DROWNING,PERIODIC BREATHING PY6.7 DESCRIBE AND DISCUSS LUNG FUNCTION TESTS AND THEIR CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE PY6.8 DEMONSTRATE THE CORRECT TECHNIQUE TO PERFORM AND INTERPRET SPIROMETRY- PRACTICAL

6. PHYSIOLOGIC ANATOMY OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM conductive zone

7. COMPETENCY CODE: PY6.1 DESCRIBE THE FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF RESPIRATORY TRACT

8. CONDUCTIVE ZONE conductive zone:- Area of the respiratory system (nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx,trachea,bronchi and terminal bronchioles) does not participate in gas exchange. This is called dead space (150 ml).

9. Respiratory Zone

10. RESPIRATORY ZONE Respiratory Zone:- Area of the respiratory system where gaseous exchanges take place (respiratory bronchial, alveolar ducts and the alveoli).

11. FUCTIONS OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM THE PRIMARY ROLE of the respiratory system is to maintain a constant internal environment by providing O2 for metabolic needs and excreting CO2. Joseph Boyle III (1984) NMS physiology 3 rd Ed.

12. FUCTIONS OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM EXTERNAL RESPIRATION involves the exchange of gas between the environment and lungs, the diffusion of gas across the respiratory membrane, and transport gas by the blood to and from the tissues Joseph Boyle III (1984) NMS physiology 3 rd Ed.

13. FUCTIONS OF RESPIRATORY SYSTEM INTERNAL RESPIRATION is the concerned with intra cellular O2 utilization through metabolic transformations and is considered the province of biochemistry.

14. NON RESPIRATORY FUNCTIONS SECONDARY ROLES OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: A Regulation of acid-base balance. B Defending the body against inhaled particles (e.g., bacteria and pollen). Joseph Boyle III (1984) NMS physiology 3 rd Ed.

15. NON RESPIRATORY FUNCTIONS C Acting as a filter to prevent clots from entering systemic circulation. D Regulating various hormonal and humoral concentrations by means of the pulmonarycapillaryendothelium . Joseph Boyle III (1984) NMS physiology 3 rd Ed.

16. INSPIRATION Inspiration is a combined effect of muscle,chest wall and plura which causes lungs to expand and create negative pressure which allows atmospheric air (500 ml) to enter into lungs.

17. INSPIRATION Because of contraction of diaphragm chest cavity lengthen as well as anterio posterior diameter also increases This is done by Elevation of rib cage

18. EXPIRATION Expiration took place because of elastic recoil of lung and relaxatation of diaphragm Chest cavity shortens up down as well as anterio posteriorly

19. EXPIRATION Pressure inside lung increases and reach above atmospheric level Air (500 ml) goes from lung to atmosphere

20. PULMONARY VENTILATION (V E ) PULMONARY VENTILATION (VE) is the volume of air inspired or expired per minute, which equals the tidal volume (VT) multiplied by the respiratory rate (RR). VE = VT . RR The tidal volume (VT) at rest average 500 ml (0.5L) and respiratory rate (RR) 12/minute , VE = 500 .12 Therefore normal pulmonary ventilation (VE) IS approximately 6 000 ml / minute (6 L/M)

21. MCQ TEST AFTER END OF LECTURE 1 It is known as watchdog of respiratory tract: A Trachea B Larynx C Pharynx D Bronchus 2 It is not a part of respiratory unit: A Alveolar sac B Bronchiole C Alveolar duct D Alveolar epithelium

22. 3 Conducting zone of airway extends from: A Nose to respiratory bronchiole B Nose to terminal bronchiole C Nose to bronchi D Nose to alveolar ducts 4 Normal value of Dead space volume is : A 50 ml B 150 ml C 300 ml D 650 ml

23. 5 What is the purpose of the little hairs inside the nose? A To fight disease. B They serve no purpose C To keep dust out of the lungs. D To tickle the nose and cause sneezes