Lecture by Prof Rajendra Singh on material science fundamentals.

Lecture by Prof Rajendra Singh on material science fundamentals.

1. PYL 701
Physical Foundations of Materials Science
Instructor: Prof. Rajendra Singh
Department of Physics
Lecture 02

2. Evaluation & Grading: 1 MINOR of 30 marks and a MAJOR of 50 marks, and
quizzes/assignments for 20 marks. Award of the A and D grades will be made
only if a student secures a minimum of 80 and 30 marks, respectively.
Re-minor: Re-minor exam will be conducted before Major, if required.
Audit Pass grade will be awarded subject to having minimum 75% attendance.
Attendance Policy: As per the Institute’s rule, 100% must be ensured by
student. In case of total attendance being less than 75%, the final grade will
be reduced by 1 step.
Text Books:
1.Materials Science and Engineering, W.D. Callister, John Wiley
2.The Materials Science of Thin Films by Milton Ohring, Academic Press.
Reference Books/Papers:
1.Physical Foundations of Materials Science: G. Gottstein, Springer
2.Research/review articles from Journals
Room# MS520; Ph.: 26596495; e-mail: [email protected]
Physical Foundations of Materials Science

3. Types of Materials
Semiconductors
InsulatorsMetals
Composites
PolymersAlloys
BiomaterialsNanomaterials
(Ceramics &
glasses)
PYL701
Physical Foundations of Materials Science
Quantum Materials

4. Materials Depending upon Dimensionality
Bulk material (3D: wafers, pellets, sheets)
Thin films
Nanomaterials (0D, 1D and 2D)
2D materials (Graphene, TMDCs like MoS
2, etc.)
Materials Depending upon its crystalline nature
Single crystalline
Amorphous
Polycrystalline (micro- or nanocrystalline)
Physical Foundations of Materials Science

5. Bulk substrates/wafers & Thin Films
(Single crystalline or amorphous or polycrystalline)
 0.1 – 1 mm
 0.01 – 1 m
Thin film
(Single crystalline or amorphous or polycrystalline)
(Single crystalline or amorphous or polycrystalline)
Substrate
Bulk substrate/wafer

6. Bulk substrates/wafers & Thin Films
Silicon
Glass
Sapphire
GaAs

7. Growth and deposition of materials
Growth/deposition
MOCVD
CVDMBE
Crystal Growth
PVDSputtering
Dip coating,
Spin coating,
Electrodeposition,
Spray pyrolysis etc.
MBE for 2D and
Quantum Materials

8. Bulk substrates/wafers & Thin Films
(Single crystalline or amorphous or polycrystalline)
 0.1 – 1 mm
 0.01 – 1 m
Thin film
(Single crystalline or amorphous or polycrystalline)
(Single crystalline or amorphous or polycrystalline)
Substrate
Bulk substrate/wafer

9. The Materials Research Society (MRS) is an organization of materials
researchers worldwide that promotes communication for the advancement of
interdisciplinary materials research and technology to improve the quality of
life.
Fall and Spring MRS Meetings every year
Material Research Societies
Material Research Society, USA (https://www.mrs.org/)
European Material Research Society (E-MRS)
(https://www.european-mrs.com/)
Material Research Society India (MRSI)
(https://www.mrsi.org.in/)
International Union of Material Research Societies (IUMRS)
(https://www.iumrshq.org/)

10. Imperfections/Defects in Solids
• Vacancy
• Interstitial atoms
• Substitutional atoms
• Dislocations
• Grain Boundaries
Point defects (0D)
Line defects (1D)
Area defects (2D)
TYPES OF IMPERFECTIONS
Defect characterization: TEM, PAS, DLTS, PL, Raman, RBS, EPR, SIMS
• Voids/cavities Volume defects (3D)

11. NV centre in Diamond for Quantum Technologies