lecture on Psychodynamic Perspective.pptx

It's a ppt on psychodynamic perspective

1. 1. Introduction & Warm-Up Start with a relatable question: “Have you ever done something and later wondered — ‘Why did I do that?’” Encourage students to share a few examples. Then connect their answers: “ Sometimes, our behavior is not guided by what we think, but by what we feel deep inside — thoughts and wishes we don’t even realize exist.”

2. Transition: “This idea that much of our behavior comes from hidden, unconscious forces is at the heart of the Psychodynamic Perspective, introduced by Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis.” 🗣️ Mini story: Freud started as a medical doctor studying patients with strange symptoms (like paralysis or blindness) but no physical cause. He found that these symptoms were linked to hidden emotional conflicts — the beginning of psychodynamic thinking.

3. . The Big Idea Write on board: “Behavior is influenced by the unconscious mind.” Explain simply: Freud believed our mind has two main parts: Conscious mind – what we are aware of (thoughts, feelings, decisions). Unconscious mind – hidden thoughts, fears, and wishes that still influence our actions. Example: You meet someone new and instantly dislike them, even though they’ve done nothing wrong. Freud would say — maybe that dislike comes from unconscious associations or past experiences you don’t remember.

4. Use Iceberg Analogy: Show or draw an iceberg: Mind Level Description Example Conscious What we are aware of Current thoughts (“I’m hungry”) Preconscious Memories we can bring to awareness “What did I eat yesterday?” Unconscious Hidden wishes, fears, conflicts “I’m jealous of my friend but I deny it.”

5. Explain visually: The tip of the iceberg (above water) = conscious mind. The huge part under the surface = unconscious mind.

6. Freud’s Structure of Personality (15 minutes) Freud said our personality is made of three parts that always conflict and balance: Id The impulsive, pleasure-seeking part (born with it) Wants satisfaction immediately “I want chocolate NOW!” Ego The realistic, decision-making part Balances id and superego “Maybe after lunch, when it’s appropriate.” Superego The moral, rule-following part Tells us what is right or wrong “No, you’re on a diet; it’s not healthy.”

7. Explain with a simple story: Imagine you see a delicious cake: Your id says, “Eat it all!” Your superego says, “That’s greedy and unhealthy.” Your ego says, “Okay, just one small piece after dinner.”

8. Activity: Ask students: “Can you share a small moment when you felt torn between what you wanted and what you should do?” Then guide them to identify the id, ego, and superego in their example.

9. Psychosexual Stages of Development Freud believed that personality develops in early childhood through a series of stages, each focused on a different part of the body (erogenous zone). If a child’s needs are not met properly, they may become “fixated,” meaning part of their personality remains stuck at that stage.

10. 1. Oral Stage (0–1 year) Focus: Pleasure from sucking, eating, and mouth activities. Fixation: Leads to dependency, smoking, overeating, or nail-biting. 2. Anal Stage (1–3 years) Focus: Pleasure from controlling bladder and bowel movements. Fixation: Leads to anal-retentive (perfectionist) or anal-expulsive (messy) traits. 3. Phallic Stage (3–6 years) Focus: Pleasure from genitals; Oedipus/Electra complex develops. Fixation: Leads to vanity, recklessness, or sexual anxiety. 4. Latency Stage (6–12 years) Focus: Sexual impulses are repressed; energy directed to learning and social skills. Fixation: Usually none; stage of calm and skill development. 5. Genital Stage (12+ years) Focus: Mature sexual interests and relationships. Fixation: Leads to difficulties in forming healthy adult relationships. ---

11.   5. Defense Mechanisms (10 minutes)   Say: “Our ego tries to protect us from anxiety or guilt. To do this, it uses defense mechanisms — automatic mental strategies to feel safe or reduce emotional pain.”

12. Which of these have you seen in daily life — at home, school, or among friends?” Encourage students to share examples humorously but respectfully.

13. Wrap-Up and Recap (5 minutes)  Ask: 👉 “So, what did Freud teach us about human behavior?”  Summarize Key Points:  1. Much of behavior is influenced by the unconscious mind.  2. Personality is made of id, ego, and superego.  3. Childhood experiences shape adult personality.  4. We use defense mechanisms to reduce anxiety.  💬 End with reflection:  > “Next time you say, ‘I don’t know why I did that,’ maybe your unconscious mind knows the answer!”