Lesson 2 The Book of Ruth - Sunday Bible School .pptx

Lesson 2 The Book of Ruth
Sunday Bible School - SBS
Adult Bible Lessons 3rd quarter 2024 CPAD
MAGAZINE: The God Who Rules the World and Takes Care of the Family: The Divine Teachings in the Books of Ruth and Esther For our Generation
Commentator: Pastor Silas Queiroz
Presentation: Missionary Celso Napoleon
Renewed in Grace

1. The Book of Ruth Adult Bible Lessons 3rd Quarter 2024 CPAD, Magazine: The God Who Rules the World and Takes Care of the Family: Divine Teachings in the Books of Ruth For our Generation Commentator: Pastor Silas Queiroz Presentation: Missionary Celso Napoleon July 14, 2024 Lesson 2

2. “And it came to pass in the days in which the judges judged, that there was a famine in the land; So a man from Bethlehem in Judah went to sojourn in the fields of Moab, he and his wife and his two sons.” ( Rt 1.1) GOLDEN TEXT 2

3. Serving God does not exempt us from crises. In any circumstance, the secret is to remain faithful, trusting in divine providence. PRACTICAL TRUTH 3

4. Monday – Rt 1.1; 4.21-22 The context of the Book of Ruth refers to the judges Tuesday – Judges 1.7-19 A context of anarchy and infidelity of the Hebrew people Wednesday – Judges 2.7-13; 3:5-7 Israel lured into the idolatry of the Canaanites Thursday – Ps 103:8; Jl 2.13; Rom 2.4 God's longsuffering and mercy Friday – Gen 49.10 The scepter will not depart from the tribe of Judah Saturday – cf. Eph 2.11-16 Boaz and Ruth: The foreshadowing of the tearing down of the separation wall DAILY READING 4

5. BIBLE READING IN CLASS 5

6. BIBLE READING IN CLASS Ruth 1:1-5 1- And it came to pass, in the days in which the judges judged, there was a famine in the land; So a man from Bethlehem in Judah went to sojourn in the fields of Moab, he and his wife and his two sons. 2 – And the name of this man was Elimelech , and the name of his wife Naomi, and the names of his two sons, Mahlon and Chiliom , Ephrathites , of Bethlehem in Judah; and they came to the fields of Moab and remained there. 6

7. 3 – And Elimelech , Naomi's husband, died; and she remained with her two sons, 4 – who took Moabite women for themselves; and it was the name of one Orpah , and the name of the other Ruth; and they stayed there for almost ten years. 5 – And both Mahlon and Chiliom also died, leaving this woman destitute of her two sons and her husband. 7

8. INTRODUCTION The book of Ruth stands out not only for its literary beauty but, mainly, for the spiritual depth of its message. A source of inspiration for Jews and Christians throughout the centuries, the book tells a story of friendship, love and redemption. An extraordinary demonstration of how the Almighty works in the midst of crises to fulfill his eternal designs. He turns sadness into joy, losses into gains, defeats into victories. Ruth introduces us to Jehovah- Jireh , the God who provides (Gen 22:14). 8

9. Keyword : Providence 9

10. 10 I - The organization of the Book

11. I - The organization of the Book 1. In the Hebrew Bible. The Book of Ruth belongs to the third division or section of the Tanakh , the Hebrew Bible, which is composed only of the Old Testament books of the Christian Bible. This third section is called Ketuvim or Hagiographa (Writings). The first section is the Torah (Pentateuch) and the second is the Neviim (Prophets) ( Lc 24.4à. Among the Writings, which are eleven books, are the Megillot (five scrolls), short books read publicly on the annual Jewish festivals: Song of Songs, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes and Esther. In order to narrate events that occurred during the harvest, the liturgical reading of Ruth was traditionally done during Shovuot (Pentecost), the harvest festival. 11

12. 2. In the Christian Bible. While the Hebrew Bible is divided into three sections (Pentateuch, Prophets and Writings), the Old Testament of the Christian Bible is made up of four: Pentateuch, Poetic, Historical and Prophetic. Ruth is categorized as a historical book, due to its evident narrative genre. But it is also identified by its extraordinary poetic beauty. Using a style and language typical of classical Hebrew, the author exposes subjective aspects of the characters' lives ( Rt 1.12-21; 2.13,20; 3.1; 4.16). The work is organized into four chapters, totaling 85 verses. 12

13. 3. Authorship and date. There is a diversity of opinion among scholars regarding the authorship and date of the Book of Ruth. Samuel is the most likely author. The Talmud, an ancient work of Jewish regulations and traditions, attributes its authorship to him. The way the author refers to Jesse and David seems to indicate contemporaneity and familiarity with the characters, which also points to Samuel ( Rt 4.17). Furthermore, the general characteristics of the work indicate an atmosphere typical of the beginning of the period of Israel's monarchy. Therefore, the book would have been written in the 10th century BC. 13

14. Ruth is categorized as a historical book because of its evident narrative genre. SYNOPSIS I 14

15. 15 II - The Historical Context

16. 16 II - The Historical Context 1. In the time of the judges. There is no precise date for the facts narrated in Ruth. What we know is that three generations occurred before David, in the days of the judges ( Rt 1.1; 4.21,22). This period (of the judges) lasted another three centuries. It began after the death of Joshua (around 1375 BC) and extended until the beginning of the monarchy of Israel, with the accession of Saul to the throne (1050 BC). It was marked by great anarchy and profound apostasy and infidelity of the Hebrew people ( Jz 1.7-19). A phrase that clearly identifies that dark time is: “each one did what seemed right in his own eyes” ( Jz 17:6). Without wise guidance, the people perish ( Pr 11:14).

17. 17 2. Secularism, hedonism and idolatry. After the death of Joshua and the other leaders of his time, a generation arose that did not have a deep communion with God and did not know what He had done to the Hebrew people. Israel gave in to the sinful lifestyle of the Canaanites and was drawn into the worship of their gods (Judg. 2:7-13; 3:5-7). Secularism and hedonism always lead to great moral and spiritual tragedies. The perverted cult of Baal (the god of rain) and Ashtoreth (the goddess of sex and war) became practiced by the Hebrew nation, in a degrading level of immorality and idolatry. The lack of spiritually mature and God-fearing leadership causes incalculable harm to the people. In the Kingdom of God, it is not enough to have charisma to lead; it is necessary to have an approved character (1 Tm 3.2-13; 2 Tm 2.15; Tt 2.7,8).

18. 18 3. Oppression, outcry and deliverance. Apostasy made Israel an easy prey for its enemies, who attacked and plundered its cities and lands, and kept the people under oppressive rule for long periods ( Jz 3.7-9; 12-14; 4.1-3; 6.1-6). Distressed, the nation cried out to God, and the Lord raised up judges to free his people. These judges (Heb. shophetim ) were not civil magistrates, like those we know today, who judge in forums and courts. They were liberators, generally military leaders, such as Othniel , Barak and Gideon ( Jz 3.9-11; 4.1o-15; 7.16-25) – powerfully used by God to “judge” the cause of Israel, freeing it from its oppressors. Despite the nation's repeated cycles of infidelity, God heard the groaning of his people in their moments of pain and affliction (Judges 2:18). The Lord is long-suffering and full of mercy (Ps 1o3.8; Jl 2.13; Rm 2.4; Lm 3.22). He hears those who cry out to Him ( Jer 29:12,13; Is 55:6).

19. The facts narrated in Ruth have as their larger context the days of the judges, characterized by the phrase: “each one did what he wanted”. SYNOPSIS II 19

20. 20 III - Purpose and Message

21. 21 III - Purpose and Message 1. The scepter of Judah. ​​Several purposes are attributed to the Book of Ruth. The main and most evident of these is to present David as a descendant of Judah, the royal tribe from which the Messiah would come, “the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the Root of David” (Rev 5.5; cf. Rt 4.18 -22). Genesis 49:10 says: “The scepter will not depart from Judah, nor the lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh comes; and the peoples will be gathered to him.” Although Reuben was Jacob's firstborn, his act of dishonoring his father's bed, sleeping with his concubine, caused him to lose his birthright – the position of leadership (Gen 35.22; 49.4). The promise made to Abraham now continued through the descendants of Judah. ​​As Samuel is the author of the book of Ruth, the purpose of recording David's genealogy makes even more sense, since at that time the king of Israel was Saul, a Benjamite ( 1Sm 9.1,2; 25.1). David's ancestry legitimized him for the throne.

22. 22 2. Love and redemption. Ruth's main message is God's love and his plan of redemption for humanity. As representatives of Jews and Gentiles, respectively, Boaz and Ruth foreshadow the breaking down of the wall of separation ( Eph 2:11-16). Redemption is seen, the book, in the literal and typological senses. Boaz is the redeeming relative who preserved EIhimelech's descendants, but he is also a type of Christ, our Redeemer (Is 59.20; Lc 1.68; Eph 1.7; Tit 2.14).

23. 23 3. Loyalty and altruism. The book of Ruth opens a window that allows us to see that not everything was dark in the days of the judges. There was a faithful remnant, who feared God and were used by Him to fulfill His purposes (Job 42:2). In a world of increasing iniquity, the righteous live by faith ( Hc 2.4; cf. Mt 24.12,13). Another eloquent message of the book is the value of altruism where selfishness predominated. In the days of the judges, the majority lived according to their own standards and interests (Judg. 21:25). Naomi and Ruth disagreed with this individualistic maxim. Mother-in-law and daughter-in-law did not think about themselves. Love is not selfish (1 Corinthians 13:5).

24. The Scepter of Judah, Love, redemption, fidelity and altruism are themes that stand out throughout the book. SYNOPSIS III 24

25. 25 CONCLUSION The book of Ruth teaches us that, despite man's unbelief and sins, God always works to fulfill his plans. Without violating the principle of human free will, the Almighty directs history and executes his eternal plan of redemption. The book also shows us how God's faithfulness applies to the ordinary circumstances of life. In everything He is faithful (Is 64.4).

26. 1- How is the book of Ruth classified in the Hebrew Bible? The Book of Ruth belongs to the third division or section of the Tanakh , the Hebrew Bible: Ketuvim or Hagiographa (Writings). 2- How and why is the book categorized in the Christian Bible? Ruth is categorized as a historical book, due to its evident narrative genre. Reviewing the content 26

27. 3- What evidence points to Samuel’s authorship? The Talmud, an ancient work of Jewish regulations and traditions, attributes its authorship to him. The way the author refers to Jesse and David seems to indicate contemporaneity and familiarity with the characters, which also points to Samuel ( Rt 4.17). 4- What is the historical context of Ruth? The time of the Judges. 5- What is the main message of the book? Several purposes are attributed to the Book of Ruth. The main and most evident of these is to present David as a descendant of Judah, the royal tribe from which the Messiah would come, “the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the Root of David” (Rev 5.5; cf. Rt 4.18 -22). 27

28. 28 References CPAD. A CARREIRA QUE NOS ESTÁ PROPOSTA: O Caminho da Salvação, Santidade e Perseverança para Chegar ao Céu . Rio de Janeiro: Casa Publicadora das Assembleias de Deus (CPAD), 2024. (Lições Bíblicas, Adultos CPAD). FERREIRA, Cláudia Andréa Prata. Livro de Rute: a narrativa refletindo as questões da mulher e as medidas socioprotetivas . TEOLITERARIA - Revista de Literaturas e Teologias , [S. l.], v. 10, n. 22, p. 539–577, 2020. DOI: 10.23925/2236-9937.2020v22p539-577. Disponível em: https://revistas.pucsp.br/index.php/teoliteraria/article/view/43640. Acesso em: 10 jul. 2024. JOSEFO , Flávio. História dos Hebreus . 8a ed. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil: Casa Publicadora das Assembleias de Deus, 2018.

29. 29 KAPLAN, Aryeh (ORG.). Bíblia Antigo Testamento: A Torá Viva - Os cinco livros de Moisés e as Haftarot : uma tradução baseada em fontes judaicas tradicionais, com comentários, introdução, mapas, tabelas, gravuras, bibliografia e índice remissivo. 3a ed. São Paulo: Maayanot , 2000. LOPES, Hernandes Dias. Rute: Uma Perfeita História De Amor. São Paulo, SP: Hagnos , 2021. SOCIEDADE BÍBLICA DO BRASIL (ORG.). Bíblia De Estudo Pentecostal - Almeida Revista e Corrigida . 6a ed. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: SBB, 2014. SOCIEDADE BÍBLICA DO BRASIL (org.). Bíblia De Estudo Plenitude Revista E Atualizada . Barueri, SP: SBB, 2005.

30. LESSONS: Lesson 1 Two Important Women in the History of a People Lesson 2 The Book of Ruth Lesson 3 Ruth and Naomi: Entwined by Love Lesson 4 Ruth’s Encounter with Boaz Lesson 5 The Marriage of Ruth and Boaz: The Family's Redemption Lesson 6 The Book of Esther Lesson 7 The Deposition of Queen Vashti and the Ascension of Esther Lesson 8 Mordecai's Resistance Lesson 9 Haman's Conspiracy Against the Jews Lesson 10 The Deliverance Plan and the Role of Esther Lesson 11 Haman's Humiliation and Mordecai's Honor Lesson 12 The Banquet of Esther: Denouncement and Deliverance Lesson 13 Esther, the Bearer of Good News 30 Sunday Bible School - SBS Adult Bible Lessons 3rd quarter 2024 CPAD MAGAZINE: The God Who Rules the World and Takes Care of the Family: The Divine Teachings in the Books of Ruth and Esther For our Generation Commentator: Pastor Silas Queiroz Presentation: Missionary Celso Napoleon Renewed in Grace

31. Thanks Celso Napoleon 31 [email protected] Renewed in Grace https://www.facebook.com/renovadosnagraca