LESSON 4- MENSTRUAL CYCLE FOR GRADE 10.pptx

MENSTRUAL CYCLE LESSON FOR GRADE 10 STUDENTS

1. The Menstrual Cycle

2. menstruation The breakdown and discharge of the soft uterine tissues and the fertilized egg is called menstruation. This is the monthly changes or periods that take place in the female reproductive system.

3. A female experiences body changes even before the first menstruation which is also known as menarche.

4. The female secondary sex characteristics include the development of the breast; growth of underarm and pubic hair; rounded body shapes brought about by a widespread layer of fat in areas like the abdomen, hips and thighs; widening of the hips in preparation for childbirth; and the development of higher pitched voice.

5. At puberty, the master gland which is the pituitary gland starts a series of hormonal changes that make a woman capable of pregnancy. These hormonal changes and the effects they produce is called the menstrual cycle . While the length of this cycle varies, the typical cycle is about 28 days. (21-35 days) During this process, changes in both the ovary and the uterus take place.

6. Menstruation could happen to a female between 10 to 13 years old . The montly cycle continues for about 40 years

7. Day 1 Bleeding from the vagina begins. This is known has having a period or menstruation. It is caused by the loss of the lining of the uterus. A period usually lasts on average about 4 days, however can be longer or shorter depending on the person.

8. Day 5 The bleeding stops and an ovum (an egg) starts to mature in one of the ovaries. The lining of the uterus starts to regrow.

9. Day 14 The mature ovum travels through the oviduct towards the uterus. This process is called ovulation .

10. Day 28 If the ovum has not joined with a sperm cell in the oviduct, the lining of the uterus begins to break down again and the cycle starts again.

11. Pregnancy Fertilization occurs when the sperm and egg join during sex. The fertilized egg implants in the lining of the uterus. This is the start of pregnancy. During pregnancy, menstruation does not happen, so periods do not occur.

12. Menopause When women reach a certain age, they stop having periods. They stop menstruating and no longer have a regular cycle. This is called the menopause. It usually occurs around the age of 50 but can happen earlier or later depending on the person.

13. Period There are lots of different ways to help you feel comfortable on your period and make the blood loss more manageable. These include pads, tampons, menstrual cups and more. You may want to try a few ways before you find your preference.

14. Hormones The menstrual cycle is controlled by hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. These are chemical messengers which are produced in glands and control the cycle. Changes in hormone levels can also contribute to some menstrual symptoms such as mood changes and spots.

15. Top Tips Remember that we are all different, so periods and menstrual cycles can really vary If you are struggling with your periods or feel something is wrong, there is always help and you can ask for some medical advice

16. The Menstrual Cycle