LESSON PLAN inflammation IN MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING .docx

LESSON PLAN IN MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING

1. LESSON PLAN

Name of the subject: Medical surgical nursing-I
Name of the teacher: JITENDRA BARDE
Name of the topic: INFLAMMATION
Placement of student: GNM II year
Method of teaching: Lecture cum discussion
Date:
Venue: GNM I IND year Lecture hall
Duration:1 hr
General objectives:
At the end of the class student will able to gain in-depth knowledge on meningitis & develop desirable skill & attitude while taking care
patient
Specific objectives:
At the end of the class the students will be

2.  Define meningitis
 List down the type of meningitis
 Enumerate the cause of meningitis
 Describe the pathophysiology of meningitis
 Explain the clinical manifestation of management
 Identify the diagnostic evaluation of meningitis
 Elaborate the management of meningtis

3. Sl.N
o.
Time Specific
Objectives
Content Method of
Teaching
A.V
Aids
Evaluation


1.




2.





3.




2min




2min





4min




Introduce the topic
Inflammation to
the students


Definition










INFLAMMATION
Inflammation शब्द लैटिन भाषा के शब्द inflamtio से बना है टिसका अर्थ
to say on fire है
ओर its का मतलब टकसी fluid का accumulate हो िाना oedema होना
उसे inflammation कहते है
Definition
यह non specific रोग क्षमता प्रटतटिया है िो body में टकसी प्रकार की
injury के कारण होती है inflammation कहलाता है Pathogenic, organism
physical orgen burn chemical heat etc
or
(Inflammation) यह िीटित tissue की टकसी injury या संिमण के दौरान
होने िाली स्र्ानीय प्रटतटिया है िो टक सुरक्षात्मक प्रकृ टत की होती है।
शरीर के टिटभन्न अंगों में होने िाली that is called inflammation




 Types
 (Acute Inflammation)
 (Chronic Inflammation

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What is
Meningitis


What are
the Types
of
Meningitis



What is the
causative
organisms
for
bacterial
meningitis

4. 4.
















10min














To describe in
detail about type
of Inflammation














 (Acute Inflammation) यह (short duration) होती है। यह अचानक
start होती है तर्ा symptoms के िल कु छ टदन तक बने रहते है
टिसे acute inflammation कहते है ex. Acute appendicitis .acute
asthma .acute tonsilitis. acute meningitis ,

 (Chronic inflammation) यटद तीव्र inflammation की प्रटिया के
दौरान inflammation का कारक िैसे संिामक (pathogen) उस
स्र्ान से नहीं हि पाता है तर्ा injured tissue का प्रटतस्र्ापन नए
healthy tissue द्वारा नहीं हो पाता है तो यह (chronic
inflammation) का रूप ले लेता है, अतः यह chronic inflammation
कहलाता है। इसके अन्तगथत होने िाली प्रटिया अटिक अिटि की
होती है तर्ा इसमें (damaged tissues) की मात्रा भी तुलनात्मक
अटिक होती है। इसके लक्षण कु छ महीनों से लेकर िषों तक
मौिूद रहते हैं।

Ex.auto immune condition;tuberculosis,chronic peptic ulcer.
Factor:-
Age:- age infant and adult में अपनी कम immunity के कारण
infection एिं inflammation के प्रटत अटिक sensitive होती है
Nutrition :- malnutrition के टशकार person के प्रटत अटिक sensitive
होता है




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Explain
the
pathophysi
ology of
Meningitis

5. Enumerate in
detail about factors
of Inflammation















Blood supply:- inflammation के दौरान injured tissue को शीग्र healing हेतु
proper blood की आिश्यकता होती है
Wbc:- normal से कम wbc होने से phagocytosis की प्रटिया slow दर से
होती है तर्ा healing देरी से होती है
 (Causes of Inflammation) –
 . संिमण (Infection)
 . िीिाणु, िायरस एिं किक (Bacteria, virus and fungi)
 चोि लगना (Injury or trauma)
 . एलिी (Allergy)
 (Burn)
 टिटकरण के सम्पकथ में आना (Exposure to radiation)
 एक्स रे के सम्पकथ में आना (Exposure to x-ray)

Pathophysiology
Due to any cause

Mast cell active

Release of neurotransmitters such as histamine serotonin leukotriene
,prostaglandin













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What are
the signs
and
symptoms
of
Meningitis

6. 5.
















5min


















To explain in
detail about
pathophysiology
Inflammation












Release of lipopolysaccharides








Clinical manifestations
Sign & symptoms of inflammation) प्रदाह के टचन्ह

1. शारीररक लक्षण (Physical sign & symptoms) –
2. बेचैनी र्कािि (Fatigue)
3. भूख न लगना (Loss of appetite)
4. नीद न आना (Insomnia)
5. कब्ज न आना (Constipation)
6. बुखार (Fever)

7. 6.
















5min







To explain in
detail about
clinical
manifestation of
viral of
Inflammation








Enumerate in
detail about
diagnosis of
bacterial
meningitis


7. नाडी की गटत बढ़ िाती है। (Increased pulse rate)
8. गमी होना (Hot)
9. (Redness)
10. सूिन आना (Swelling)
11. ददथ होना (Pain)
12. कायथ न कर पाना (Loss of function)

Diagnostic evaluation
•History collection physical examination(Glasgow coma scale)
• CT scan or MRI (to detect shift in brain content)
• Lumbar puncture [analysis of CSF( for protein ,WBC and glucose), Gram
stain and culture
•Blood culture
•CBC,Coagulation profile and electrolyte
Management
• ददथ/बुखार के उपचार हेतु :-
Paracetamole
Nimesulide
पदाह के उपचार हेतु :-









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What are
the
diagnostic
measures
of
Meningitis

8. 7.
















10min

















Enumerate the
treatment
modalities of
Bacterial
meningits









Corticosteroid therapy
Nimesulide
ईटिमा घिाने (to reduce edema) हेतु :-
R- Rest (ददथ कम करने हेतु)
I - Ice application (ददथ तर्ा सूिन कम करने हेतु)
C- Compression of organ (सूिन कम करने हेतु)
E- Elevation (सूिन कम करने हेतु)
Nursing management
मरीि को प्रटतटदन 2400 ml से भी अटिक तरल / पानी (fluid) पीने की
सलाह दी िानी चाटहये
मरीि के भोिन में प्रोिीन एं ि काबोहाइिरेि अटिक होना चाटहये ।
इटिमा घिाने हेतु प्रभाटित भाग elevated रखा िाना चाटहये । प्रभाटित भाग
पर cold application से इटिमा एं ि ददथ में कमी आती है ।
बुखार की स्स्र्टत में नम पानी से sponging की िानी चाटहये । मरीि को
यर्ासमय anti-inflammatory drugs दी िानी चाटहये।





Discussion

























What are
the
manageme
nt of
bacterial
meningitis

9. Health Promotion
•Prevention of respiratory tract infection through vaccination programme for
pneumococcal pneumonia and influenza. •Meningococcal vaccines
Acute care
• Assess and record vital signs,neurologic status.
• Assisting with pain management due to overall body ache and neck pain
• Assisting with getting rest in a quiet darkened room.
• Implementing interventions to treat the elevated temperature such as
antipyretic agents and a cooling blankets .
• Encouraging the patient to stay hydrated either orally or peripherally.
• Ensuring close neurologic monitoring Ambulatory care
• Relieves stress
•Adequate nutrition awareness( high protein, high calorie diet in small
frequent feedings)
• Range of motion exercise
• Encourage adequate rest and sleep

10. 8.







9.








2min







2min








To explain the
causative organism
of viral meningitis





To explain in
detail about
clinical
manifestation of
viral meningitis
VIRAL MENINGITIS
Causative organism
• Enterovirus
• Arbovirus
• Human immunodeficiency virus
• Herpes simplex virus


Clinical manifestations
•Headache
•Fever
•Photophobia
•Stiff neck
•Fever











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What are
the
causative
organism
of viral
Meningitis



What is the
signs and
symptoms
of viral
meningitis

11. 10.






11.









2min






10min





Enumerate in
detail about
diagnosis of viral
meningitis


Enumerate the
treatment
modalities of
viral meningitis







Diagnostic evaluation
•The Xpert EV test [a sample of CSF is used to determine the
enterovirus present. polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) used to detect viral
specific deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA )or ribonucleic acid (RNA)]

Management
•Antibiotics should be administered after Lumbar puncture
•Symptomatic treatment.

Prevention
•The Advisory Committee on immunization practices of the centres for
Disease Control and prevention recommends that the meningococcal
conjugated vaccine be given to youth at 11 to 12 years of age ,with a booster
dose at 16 years of age. •People in close contact with patient with
meningococcal meningitis should be treated with antimicrobial
chemoprophylaxis using rifampin, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride or ceftriaxone
sodium.

SUMMARY
Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges.Between 1992&1996 there
was a 28% increase in the number of new cases reported in the 12-29
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What are
the
diagnostic
measures
of viral
meninigitis


Explain
the
manageme
nt of viral
meningitis

12. 12.
















3min







yearsold age.Out break of N.Meningitis infection are most likely to occur year
around the peak incidence is in winter in early spring.Meningitis infection
generally originate in one of two ways through the blood stream or by direct
contact


CONCLUSON
At the end of the class student have gain knowledge about meningitis and its
causes,clinical manifestation ,diagnostic studies and management.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Brunner and siddarths “TEXT BOOK OF MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING” 11
th

editon ,Jaince L.Hinkle, Kerry H. Cheever
 Lewis’s “MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING” 3
rd
edition ,Lewis,Bucher
Discussion





Discussion























What is the
preventive
measures
of
meningitis

13. 13.





14.










3min

15. LESSON PLAN

16. GNM II YEAR

MSN-II