...LET ENGLISH MAJOR PART 1 PHONOLOGY.pptx

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1. Hello Students!

2. About me Hi! I’m Elysa Micu an English Teacher Graduated from Northeastern College Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in English yr. 2023 Currently teaching at Children First School English teacher, English Moderator and Journalism Coach. On-going Masters’ Degree in my specialized subject at Northeastern College.

3. Coinage is the invention of totally new terms. However, there are few coinages because the words themselves give no clue to their meanings. Which of the following is not coined? a. Vortal c. Kleenex b. Kodak d. Xerox Word formation Ethymology

4. COINAGE -invention of totally new terms ex: aspirin, nylon, vaseline, zipper, granola, kleenex, teflon, xerox, Google BORROWING - taking over words from other languages croissant (French), dope (Dutch), lilac (Persian), piano (Italian), pretzel (German), sofa (Arabic), tattoo (Tahitian), tycoon (Japanese), yogurt (Turkish), zebra (Bantu) COMPOUNDING - joining of two separate words to produce a single form ex: bookcase, doorknob, wallpaper etc. BLENDING - combination of two separate forms to produce a single new term ex: gasohol (gasoline made from alcohol), smurk (smoke, murk) smog, motel (motor, hotel), telecast (television, broadcast), bit (binary, digit)

5. CLIPPING - when a word of more than one syllable is reduced to a shorter form ex: fax (facsimile), ad (advertisement), bra (brassiere), cab (cabriolet), condo, pub (public house), flu, fan, perm, phone, plane, math, chem etc. ACRONYMS - formed from initial letters of a set of other words ex: CD, VCR, laser (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation), scuba (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus), zip (zone improvement plan), snafu (situation normal, all fouled up)

6. BACKFORMATION - a word of one type (usually a noun) is reduced to form a word of another type (usually a verb) ex: donation -> donate, babysitter-> babysit, television-> televise CONVERSION - a change in function of a word, for example, a noun used as a verb (without reduction) ex: butter (n.), chair (n.) Butter (v.) the bread. Chair (v.) the meeting.

7. DERIVATION - adding affixes a. Prefixes and suffixes- ex: mislead, disrespectful, foolishness b. infixes- Singabloodyporel, Hallebloodylujahl, Absogoddamlutely! EPONYM - word that comes from the proper name of a person or place; can be based on both real and fictional people and places ex: Boycott (Captain Charles Boycott), Fahrenheit (Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit), Diesel (Rudolf Diesel), Sandwich (John Montagu-Earl of Sandwich)

8. How many morphemes are there in “transportation”? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

9. Which of the following has a glottal segment? a. Dig c. Bat b. Hot d. Jam

10. Which method emphasizes isolated word lists and thorough examination of its grammar? a. Suggestopedia c. GTM b. TPR d. TBLT

11. Grammar Translation Method (GTM) • emphasis on grammar and translation MOTHER TONGUE not into speaking

12. Direct Method (DM) / Natural Method no usage of own language, inductive drills in listening and speaking, imitation, no memorization don't explain-ACT don't translate-DEMONSTRATE ASK speak naturally

13. Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) • Army Method heavily oriented towards aural and oral exercises mim-mem (behaviorism and structuralism) • drills

14. Community (or Collaborative) Language Learning (CLL) Teachers are counselors & paraphrasers group dynamics • Ask in L1, answer in L2 • negative effect: Ringelmann Effect

15. Suggestopedia "Learning achieves its maximum success when the mind is relaxed." Students should feel safe (as if in the womb). 2 methods: a. desuggestion -> removing affective filter b. suggestion -> addition of facilitating memory (ex: music)

16. Total Physical Response (TP R ) Children listen a lot + physical response instructor = director; students= actors

17. Natural Approach • "Silent period" (listening only) until children are ready to speak .

18. Situational Language Teaching (SLT) • "Oral Approach" English teaching in terms of providing vocabularies and sentence patterns with their frequent situations through learning materials accurate pronunciation and grammar to respond quickly Mistakes are banned.

19. Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) a lesson or unit is designed to help learners to complete a task: for example; write a letter, make a reservation, plan a trip, collaborate to design something, or hold a meeting

20. DRILLS : Language Teaching Methods and Approches

21. Which approach involves a lot of repetition of the second language grammatical forms especially those that are different from the learner's first language? 6 StreamYar a. TBLT c. GTM b. ALM d. CLL

22. Which principle does not belong to direct approach in language teaching? a. It emphasizes natural dialogue in the second language. b. It is a method based on immersion. c. It never uses the first language. d. It takes advantage of the kinesthetic memory.

23. A student shows disinterest in oral recitation since he had received jeers for pronouncing words incorrectly such as "sokolit" for chocolate. What could be the cause of this problem in speaking? A. The learner was disappointed B. There is L1 interference C. He felt embarrassed D. Grammatical Problems

24. Which concept is NOT a characteristic of academic language proficiency? a. It includes knowledge of the less frequent vocabulary of the target language as well as the ability to interpret and produce increasingly complex written language. b. Immigrant students typically require at least 5 years to attain expectations in second language literacy skills. c. Frequent writing across genres is also crucial in developing academic writing skills. d. Academic language is primarily found in everyday conversation: hence, teachers should train the students with language use in everyday activities.

25. Which is the best antonym for VICIOUS? a. gentle c. helpful b. healthy d. dangerous

26. How many phonemes are there in the English language? 6 StreamYard a. 29 b. 44 c. 36 d. 42

27. LET Tips You have to really want it. Empty your mind before you start. The answer is in the question.

28. The first Asian to receive the Nobel Prize for Literature. A. Yasanari Kawabata B. Rabindranath Tagore C. Wole Soyinka D. Po Chu-I Rabindranath Tagore was the first person of Indian origin and also first Asian to be awarded with the NObel Prize. He received the prize for Literature in 1913.

29. 2. Filial piety is a basic tenet of this school of thought. A. Taoism B. Confucianism C. Hinduism D. Buddhism

30. 4. What insight is suggested by this haiku from Basho? Poverty’s child - He starts to grind the rice And gazes at the moon. A. Nature has a sooting effect on the human spirit things in their life. B. Child labor is a reality in many Asian nations leisure. C. The poor dreams and are hopeful of better things in their life. D. Life is never-ending routine of work and leisure.

31. 5. This excerpt from Soyinka’s Telephone Conversation indicates the universal issue of “________ “ ARE YOU DARK? OR VERY LIGHT?” Revelation came. “You mean-like plain or milk chocolate?” Her assest was clinical, crushing its light Impersonality Rapidly, wave length adjusted, I chose, “West African sepia.”-and as an afterthought, “Down in my passport.” A. gender discrimination B. colonial mentatality C. human rights violation D. Racial discrimination