Livestock and Food Security Cambodia Case at Summer Course 17 28 Sep 2017.pdf

Livestock and Food Security: Cambodia Case, presented at Summer Course Program:“ Livestock – A Driving Force for Food Security and Sustainable Development”17-28 September 2017, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

by Seng Mom, Royal University of Agriculture, Cambodia

1. Livestock and Food Security:
Cambodia Case
17-28 September 2017, Yogyakarta
SENG MOM, ROYAL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE, CAMBODIA
Summer Course Program:“ Livestock – A Driving Force for Food Security and
Sustainable Development”

2. Outline
▪About Cambodia
▪Livestock Production
▪Livestock and Food Security
▪What Next?

3. General Information About Cambodia

4. 4
Land area 181,035 km2
Population 15,76 Million (World Bank, 2016)
Life expectancy at birth M:60 F:65
GDP per capita in 2015: 1,218US$ (NIS)
Population growth rate annualy (1.6) (World Bank, 2016)
SOUTHEAST ASIA LAOS
25 Provinces and Cities
THAILAND
VIETNAM

5. Population Pyramid 2013 and Projections, 2009-2015
5
Source : (NIS, 2016)
Female
Male
Source: NIS/MOP (2010)

6. What do we consume?

7. Livestock Production

8. Agricultural Holding (Census, 2013)
2.6 Million total Number of
Household
2.1 Million Agriculture Holding
Household (80.7%), 8.6 million
population within agriculture
holding
0.03 ha of land
and/ or
2 x large livestock
and/ or
3 x small livestock
and/ or
25 x Poultry Source: NIS (2015)

9. General Information
9
Description Values
Population (2016) 15,76 Million
Area 181 035 km
2
(18,1 million ha)
Total agriculture field including home lot3.3 million ha
Total household (2013) 2.6 million household
Agriculture holding household 2.1 million household (80.7%)
Agriculture holding household having livestock:
75% of Agriculture holding household
1.6 million household (61.5%)

10. Raising Livestock and Poultry
Source: NIS (2015)
Percentage of Agricultural households keeping or raising livestock
and/or poultry
75%
Among those households keeping or raising livestock:
Percentage of agricultural households keeping or raising large
livestock
66%
Percentage of agricultural households keeping or raising small
livestock
28%
Percentage of agricultural households keeping or raising poultry85%

11. Herd and flock size of livestock holding
household
▪Large animal (cattle, buffalo)
herd size
▪11% holding 1 animal only
▪86% holding 2-9 animals
▪3% holding >=10 animals
▪Small animal (pig, goat) herd
size:
▪48% holding 1-2 animals
▪51% holding 3-29 animals
▪1% holding >=30 animals
▪Poultry size (chicken, duck) flock
size
▪30% holding 1-24 animals
▪69% holding 25-499 animals
▪1% holding >=500 animals
Source: NIS (2015)

12. Animal Production Population (million head)
0
1
2
3
4
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Chart Title
CattlePig
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Poultry
Source: MAFF (2016)

13. Shared by Commercial Scale in the
Production (percentage)
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
CattlePig Poultry
Source: MAFF (2016)

14. Meat Production (thousand tonnes)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Meat Production (Thousand Tonnes)
bovine meat pig meat poultry meat
Source: FAO Statistics 2017

15. Sectors contribute to GDP 2012-2016
15
35.60%
33.51%
30.51%
28.25%
26.30%
24.28%
25.64%
27.06%
29.42%
31.31%
40.12%
40.85%
42.43%
42.33%
42.40%
0.00%
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%
25.00%
30.00%
35.00%
40.00%
45.00%
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
AgricultureIndustry Services
Source: The estimation of Ministry of Planning 2016
Sector contribute to GDP 2012-2016

16. Agriculture GDP-shared by Subsector
(2018)
16
crops
59%
Fisheries
23%
Forestry
7%
Livestock
11%
Source: Ministry of Planning, 2019

17. Livestock and Food Security

18. Cambodia Headcount Poverty Rate,
2004-2011
Source: Worlbank, 2017

19. Share of Population Below the National Poverty
Line (%)
Country 2015
Brunei Darussalam no data
Cambodia 14.0
Indonesia 10.9
Lao People’s Democratic
Republic
23.2
Malaysia 0.6
Myanmar 25.6
Philippines 21.6
Singapore no data
Thailand 10.5
Viet Nam 7.0
Source:ADB: Basic Statistics 2017

20. Trends in the prevalence of child
malnutrition, Cambodia 2000-2010
Source: FAO and WFP, 2012

21. Average number of days in one week each
food type is consumed of agriculture holding
household
Source: NIS (2015)

22. Agriculture holding household: source of
foods consumption (in past seven day)

23. Frequency of household food consumption during
last seven days (general household), 2014

24. Meat Supply Quantity in Cambodia
(kg/capita/year) 2013
Commodities Supply quantity
(kg/capita/year)
Percentage
Bovine meat 4.85 36.7
Pig meat 6.52 49.4
Poultry meat 1.84 13.9
Total 13.2 100
Source: FAO Statistics (2017)

25. Imported meat and milk in Cambodia
(Tonne/year)
Source: FAO Statistics 2017
Year bovine meat pig meatpoultry meatwhole milk
1980 0 0 0 0
1990 0 0 0 57
2000 136 14 89 20039
2001 107 7 17 25383
2002 119 24 20 4641
2003 185 27 17 11993
2004 19 35 10 4961
2005 203 114 42 48577
2006 141 98 50 64194
2007 227 38 38 42777
2008 273 27 324 31339
2009 309 43 1259 36793
2010 57 25 185 5919
2011 88 77 339 4138
2012 122 113 531 4224
2013 279 184 1167 11935

26. Source: MAFF, 2013. Master Plan on The Promotion of Agricultural Investment in Cambodia
Major Crop Spices &
Stimulant
Meat Dairy Production
Vegetable
Self-Sufficient
Export-Oriented Agriculture
(Rice, Maize, Cassava, Oil Crops)
Rice, Maize, Cassava,
Other Grains,
Spices/Stimulants
Meat/Dairy Products
Vegetables/ Fruits
Livestock
Vegetables/
Fruits
Major Crops
Shortage
(Imported)
Surpluses
(Exported)

27. Livestock and Food Security: Producer
Concern
◦Generating food and income:
◦Food availability
◦Income generating and value added to crop production/ crop residue
◦Soil fertility
◦Risk:
◦Lost of income:
◦Disease: Reduction in smallholder household income of 4.4–11.7% annually following an
FMD outbreak (Knight-Jones et al., 2016)
◦Affected by drought, flood…
◦Not stable market
◦Biosecurity concern: Zoonosis, ie. Avian Influenza, Brucellosis, Japanese Encephalitis,
anthrax,…
◦Environmental concern: farm waste

28. Livestock and Food Security: Consumer
Concern
•Quantity supply and price
•Available
•Affordable price
•Quality and safety
•Safely animal product handling
•Pathogenic contamination: ie. Avian Influenza, Salmonella, Camp
•Anti-microbial resistance
•Other growth promoter

29. What next?
➢Support to increase production with healthy farm and animal
products
➢Empower livestock producers being stronger in chain
➢Safety handling in chain
➢Innovative for value added live animals and animal products
➢Promote healthy and responsible consumption animal products for
producers and consumers

30. Thanks
Rom Doul, Sphaerocoryne affinis, Family: Annonaceae
Flower symbol of the Cambodia
TheRoyal Ballet of Cambodia
Seng Mom,
Royal University of Agriculture, Cambodia
Email:[email protected]