M1_Lesson 3_Brahe's Innovation.pptx

science

1. BRAHE’S INNOVATION

2. LEARNING COMPETENCY In this lesson, you will be able to explain how Brahe's innovations and an extensive collection of data in observational astronomy paved the way for Kepler's discovery of the laws of planetary motion.

3. PRE-TEST

4. 1. Kepler discovered that planets do not go around the Sun at a uniform speed but it depends on its position relative to the Sun. What is its speed when it is farther from the Sun? faster neither fast nor slow C. slower D. similar to the speed when it is closer to the Sun

5. 2. Based on Kepler's First Law, which of the figures below describes the path of a planet as it moves around the Sun?

6. 3. The accurate measurement of the positions and distances of stars and planets in the major contribution of _________ to the field of astronomy. Johannes Kepler Tycho Brahe C. Copernicus D. Ptolemy

7. 4 . Below is Brahe’s model of the universe. What is the implication of Brahe’s model when it comes to the idea of the center of the universe? A. There are two centers the Earth and the Sun. B. The Earth, not the Sun is the center of the universe. C. The Sun, not the Earth is the center of the universe. D. Neither the Earth nor the Sun is the center of the universe

8. 5. The Copernican system is based on the model of _________ Heliocentric model Geocentric Model Geo-Heliocentric model Neither of the two

9. The knowledge about the universe starting from the ancient time up to the present has proven to be a dynamic one. The discoveries weakened the foundation of a theory that thought to be correct and widely accepted for quite a long time. And in the process of revolutionizing the idea, one must be able to back the claim with proof. The best proof one could present is data that is verified and tested several times. Just like the works of Tycho Brahe.

10. Tycho Brahe’s Contribution The timeline of some of the who’s who in the field of astronomy and mathematics

11. LET’S RECALL! What do you call the model which believes that the sun is the center of the solar system? HELIOCENTRIC MODEL

12. COPERNICAN SYSTEM

13. LET’S RECALL! What do you call the model which believes that the earth is the center of the solar system? GEOCENTRIC MODEL

14. PTOLEMIC SYSTEM Ptolemy placed the Earth at the center of his  geocentric model . Using the data he had, Ptolemy thought that the universe was a set of nested spheres surrounding the Earth. He believed that the Moon was orbiting on a sphere closest to the Earth, followed by Mercury, then Venus and then the Sun.

15. THINK! Differentiate the Copernican system from the Ptolemic System

16. TYCHONIC MODEL Brahe's model of the universe is also called the Tychonic model. It is considered as a hybrid of geocentric and heliocentric models of the universe .

17. THINK! Is the Tychonic Model based on the heliocentric model or the geocentric model? Explain.

18. It was also during this time that Brahe met the young German mathematician Johannes Kepler. Brahe hired Kepler as a sort of "research assistant" primarily to prove that Brahe's model the geoheliocentric model is the right model.

19. But Kepler failed to reconcile the data on hand with the model Brahe proposed especially on the notion of the stationary Earth. It took another brilliant mind and his invention of the telescope to prove that Copernicus was right in proposing that Earth after all is not the center of the universe.

20. Three Laws of Planetary Motion But despite everything still, something good came out of his persistence, after about 20 years or so working with the data he got from Brahe; the Three Laws of Planetary Motion were published in two different years

21. THINK! The First law of Planetary Motion Law of E_ _ _ _ _ _ _

22. THINK! The First law of Planetary Motion Law of Ellipses

23. FIRST LAW OF PLANETARY MOTION First Law: Law of Elliptical Orbit or Law of Ellipses (1609)- The planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at a focus (F 1 ). The other focus (F 2 ) is empty.

24. THINK! The Second law of Planetary Motion Law of E_ _ _ _ A _ _ _ _

25. THINK! The Second law of Planetary Motion Law of Equal Areas

26. SECOND LAW OF PLANETARY MOTION Second Law: Law of Equal Areas (1609)-As the planets orbit around the sun, the planets cover equal areas in equal times.

27. THINK! The Second law of Planetary Motion Law of P_ _ _ _ _ _

28. THINK! The Second law of Planetary Motion Law of Periods

29. THIRD LAW OF PLANETARY MOTION Third Law: Law of Periods (1619)-The ratio of the squares of the periods (the time needed for one revolution about the Sun) of any of the two planets revolving around the Sun is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their mean distances from the Sun.

30. THINK! Based on the result of the calculation, do you think this is also true for other planets and heavenly bodies?

31. POST-TEST

32. 1 . Which of the following is also presented by the Greeks to prove that the Earth is spherical? A. solar eclipse B. sunrise and sunset C. ships sailing seemed to be gradually disappearing in the horizon D. passing of the comet in Earth’s orbit

33. 2 . Aside from Aristotle who among the philosophers below believed that Earth is spherical? Pythagoras and the Mesopotamians Pythagoras and Plato C. Plato and the Mesopotamians D. Mesopotamians and Egyptians

34. 3. Which phase of the moon is shown in the figure? A. full moon B. new moon C. first quarter moon D. last quarter moon

35. 4. The following are astronomical phenomena that were already observed by the ancient people even before the telescope was invented except _______. solar eclipse phases of the moon C. craters of the moon D. planet like Venus

36. 5. Which of the statements below describes a lunar eclipse? A. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth is behind the Sun and the moon is in front of the Sun. B. A lunar eclipse occurs when the moon is between the Earth and the Sun C. A lunar eclipse occurs when the moon is forming ninety degree-angle with the Earth. D. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth is between the moon and the Sun.

37. 6. Refer to the figure below, “phases of the moon”. Which among the numbered figure represents the full moon? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

38. 7. The accurate measurement of the positions and distances of stars and planets in the major contribution of _________ to the field of astronomy. Johannes Kepler Tycho Brahe C. Copernicus D. Ptolemy

39. 8. Below is Brahe’s model of the universe. What is the implication of Brahe’s model when it comes to the idea of the center of the universe? A. There are two centers the Earth and the Sun. B. The Earth, not the Sun is the center of the universe. C. The Sun, not the Earth is the center of the universe. D. Neither the Earth nor the Sun is the center of the universe

40. 9 . Based on Kepler's First Law, which of the figures below describes the path of a planet as it moves around the Sun?

41. 10. Kepler discovered that planets do not go around the Sun at a uniform speed but it depends on its position relative to the Sun. What is its speed when it is farther from the Sun? faster neither fast nor slow C. slower D. similar to the speed when it is closer to the Sun

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