MAANVI SUREKA Posing the Question last 150 years.ppt

a graph to show the changes in people’s average height over the last 150 years.

2. Starter
You have been asked to produce a graph to show the changes in
people’s average height over the last 150 years. Discuss with the
person next to you and come up with a plan on how to do this. You
will need to be specific…

3. Posing the Question
•The next few lessons are about things
to consider when collecting data
•This work is very useful for statistical
analysis which is used in many jobs

4. Posing the Question
Learning Objectives
All will understand the detail involved in the Data
Handling Cycle (Level 5)
Most will be able to identify types of data,
question and problems with questionnaires (Level 5/6)
Some will be able to correctly formulate
hypotheses (Level 6)

5. Posing the Question
•The data handling cycle
Pose a
question
Answer the
question
Organise and
Analyse the
information
Draw
conclusions
Collect the
information
Decide what
information is needed
and how to get it
Make a
hypothesis

6. Posing the Question
•Making a Hypothesis
A hypothesis is a statement that attempts to answer a question.
It may or may not be true…
Question  ‘Does smoking shorten life?’
Hypothesis  ‘Smoking more than 1 cigarette a day reduces
life expectancy’
This hypothesis is good as it is specific and can be tested!

7. Posing the Question
•Making a Hypothesis
A hypothesis is a statement that attempts to answer a question.
It may or may not be true…
Question  ‘Does smoking shorten life?’
Hypothesis  ‘If you smoke a lot you will die young’
This hypothesis is not good as it is not specific
How much is a lot?
How much is young?

8. Posing the Question
•Making a Hypothesis
Question
Do left-handed people have faster reaction
times?
Hypothesis Example
How fast do left and right handed people
react to a dot appearing on a computer
screen?

9. Posing the Question
•Primary and Secondary Data
Primary Data
This type of data is collected at the time and
is ‘new’
For example if you went out and did a survey,
the data would be considered to be ‘Primary’
Secondary Data
This data already exists, and is found and used
For example, looking up statistics on the
Internet, finding a survey that has already done

10. Posing the Question
•Primary and Secondary Data
Primary Data
Advantages  Relevant to what you want
 Up to date
Disadvantages  Costly to collect (time and money)
Secondary Data
Advantages  Easier to collect in some cases
 Can be collected quite cheaply
Disadvantages  May not be exactly what you want
 Can be out of date or inappropriate

11. Posing the Question
•Quantitative and Qualitative Questions
Quantitative Questions
These involve a ‘tick-box’ style answer…
eg) How do you get to work?
Car Bus Train Other
Qualitative Questions
A written answer is given…
eg) How could we improve the standard of bus
services where you live?

12. Posing the Question
•Quantitative and Qualitative Questions
Quantitative Questions
Advantages Easy for person to fill in
 Easy to analyse results
Disadvantages  Often only limited answers
Qualitative Questions
Advantages Get answers that you hadn’t
thought of!
Disadvantages  Can put people off filling in the
survey
 Takes much longer to process

13. Posing the Question
•Census or Survey?
Census
A Census is basically a survey of the population of a
region
eg) Ask everyone in the country
Ask everyone in the city etc…
Survey
A survey is where only a selection of a population is
asked their views
eg) Asking 300 pupils their opinions rather than all
1500

14. Posing the Question
•Vague, Biased and Personal Questions
Vague
A question that does not make the response clear
eg) What do you think of buses?
Biased
A question that implies that a particular response is
correct
eg) Do you agree that Tennis is boring?
Personal
A question that the person may not wish to answer
eg) How old are you?
Have you ever stolen from a shop?

15. Posing the Question
•Census or Survey?
Census
Advantages  Everyone involved so
results are very
accurate
Disadvantages  Very costly in time
and money
Survey
Advantages  Easier to collect data
Disadvantages  Possibility of
inaccuracy

16. Posing the Question
•In your books, write each of the following as a
side heading, and give a definition. Include an
example if you can…
a)The Data Handling Cycle
b)Hypothesis
c)Primary and Secondary Data
d)Quantitative and Qualitative Questions
e)Census and Survey
f)Vague, Biased and Personal Questions

17. Plenary
Does not give a time period…
What about more than 6?

18. Plenary
Only asking boys
Only asking Year 11

19. Plenary
It is implying that ‘Yes’ is correct  Biased
Do you think eating fast foods is…
Healthy
Unhealthy
Ok
Don’t Know

20. Summary
•We have looked at the process whereby
data is collected
•We have looked at a number of key
terms which need to be remembered
•We have seen how this information
applies to an example exam question