Major importance crops in India and Tamil Nadu.ppt

Major crops in India

1. Unit I Introduction to Agriculture
Dr. S. Marimuthu., Ph.D.
Asst. Professor (AGR)
Major crops in India and Tamil Nadu:
Adaptation and Distribution

2. AdaptationAdaptation
•Organism survive in any environment
•Ability of living things to adjust to different conditions
•Growth habit, strength of stalk,
radial symmetry, or rhizomes
•Resistance to parasites, greater
ability to compete for nutrients or
ability to withstand

3. Crops DistributionCrops Distribution
•Environmental factors - highly
influential - distribution of plants
•Act or process of distributing
•Natural geographic range of an
organism

4. •Plant migration
•Climate change
•Relative distributions
of land and sea
Principles of plant distributionPrinciples of plant distribution

5. Major crops of IndiaMajor crops of India
•Depend their usages - four classification
Food crops
•Cereals
•Millets
•Pulses
•Oil seeds
•Sugar crops

6. Oil seedsOil seeds
•Groundnut or peanut - Arachis hypogeae
•Sunflower - Helianthus annuus
•Rapeseed & Mustard
•Brown or Indian Mustard- Brassica juncea

7. Commercial cropsCommercial crops
Jute Jute
TobaccoTobacco
SugarcaneSugarcane
Cotton Cotton

8. Tobacco - (Nicotiana tabacum)
•India, China and USA
•AP, Gujarat, Karnataka, UP and Bihar
•Affecting the heart, liver, and lungs,
as well as many cancers

9. Horticulture cropsHorticulture crops
FruitsFruits VegetablesVegetables
FlowersFlowers Spices and condimentsSpices and condiments

10. Fruits and vegetables
•First in production of Bananas
(25.7%),
•Papayas (43.6%) and
•Mangoes (Mangosteens & Guavas)
(40.4%)
•Potatoes, onions, cauliflowers,
brinjal, Cabbages,
Agricultural & Processed Food Products Export Development AuthorityAgricultural & Processed Food Products Export Development Authority
Ministry of Commerce & Industry, GOIMinistry of Commerce & Industry, GOI

11. Plantation cropsPlantation crops
TeaTea CoffeeCoffee
CoconutCoconut Rubber Rubber
22
ndnd
largest producer largest producer

12. Important crops in Tamil NaduImportant crops in Tamil Nadu
• Rice, maize, jowar (cholam), bajra (cumbu), ragi
•Bengalgram, Redgram, Greengram, Blackgram and Horsegram
•Cash crops- sugarcane, oilseeds, cotton,coffee, tea, gingelly, rubber, coconut & chillies
•Horti. Crops - bananas and mangoes only
•First largest producer and cultivater of flowers, bananas, tapioca
•Second largest producer & cultivater of mangoes, coconut, natural rubber, groundnut
•Third largest producer and cultivater of tea, sapota, coffee and sugarcane

13. King and queen of crops
•Cereals
•Coarse cereals
• Pulses
•Oil seeds
•Fibre
•Weeds
•Fodder crops
•Fruits
•Vegetables
•Spices
•Flowers
•Green manure
•Fertilizer
Wheat
Sorghum
Chickpea
Groundnut
Cotton
Parthenium
Berseem
Mango
Potato
Black pepper
Rose
Daincha
Urea

Maize
Ragi
Pea
Sesame
Silk cotton
Trianthema
Lucerne
Mangosteen
Okra
Cardamom
Gladiolus
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14. Thanks a lot