MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR OF INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS, STRESS, CRISIS AND DISASTER.pptx

MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR OF INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS, STRESS, CRISIS AND DISASTER.pptx

1. MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR OF INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS: STRESS, CRISIS AND DISASTER PREPARED BY:- MR.ABHISHEK PRAJAPATI LECTURER M.SC NURSING (MHN)

2. INTRODUCTION Roy (1976) defined adaptive response as behavior that maintains the integrity of the individual. Adaptation is viewed as positive and is correlated with a healthy response. When behavior disrupts the integrity of the individual, it is perceived as maladaptive. Maladaptive responses by the individual are considered to be negative or unhealthy.

3. Adaptation Adaptation affects three important areas: health , psychological well-being and social functioning . A period of stress may compromise any or all of these areas. If a person copes successfully with stress, he returns to a previous level of adaptation . Successful coping results in an improvement in health , well-being and social functioning .

4. maladaptation A maladaptation in any one area can negatively affect the others. For example, the appearance of psychiatric symptoms can cause problems in performance in the work environment that in turn elicit a negative self-concept. The behavior is considered to be maladaptive when it is age inappropriate and interferes with adaptive functioning. Factors that influence the adaptive functioning are adequate perceptions of the situation, adequate social support, and adequate coping. Adaptive functioning leads to growth, learning and goal achievement.

5. maladaptation Maladaptive behavior prevents growth, decreases autonomy and interferes with mastery of the environment. Like an individual , a group may need to adapt to a stressor. Group adaptation is a process by which the group maintains a balance so that it can promote growth of individual and group members. For a group to adapt successfully there must be good communication skills, mutual respect for each other, adequate resources available for adaptation, previous experience with stressors.

6. Stress Stress is the nonspecific response of the body to any kind of demand made upon it . Most often, stress is associated with negative situations , but good things also produce stress . Stress from positive experiences, such as becoming newly married, promoted at work etc. Is called eustress. A stressor is any person or situation that produces anxiety responses . Stress and stressors are different for each person; therefore, it is important that the nurse knows the stress producers for each of her patient . What is extremely stressful for one person might be relaxing to someone else.

7. Crisis Crisis is a turning point in an individual's life that produces an overwhelming emotional response . Individuals experience a crisis when they confront some life circumstance or stressor that they cannot effectively manage through use of their customary coping skills . Caplan (1964) identified the following stages of crisis: The person is exposed to a stressor, experiences anxiety, and tries to cope in a customary fashion. Anxiety increases when customary coping skills are ineffective. The person makes all possible efforts to deal with the stressor, including attempts at new methods of coping. When coping attempts fail the person experiences disequilibrium and significant distress.

8. disaster A disaster is defined by the WHO as a severe disruption, ecological and psychosocial which greatly exceeds the coping capacity of the affected community. Disaster can be natural such as cyclone, famine, flood, earthquake etc. Or manmade such as accidents, bomb blasts, etc. Psychological and behavioral responses common in adults following disaster include anger; disbelief, sadness, anxiety, fear, irritability, numbing, sleep disturbance and increase in alcohol, caffeine, and tobacco use. The most essential element of psychiatric mental health intervention during a crisis or disaster is the ability of the nurse to provide emotional support while assessing the individual's emotional and physical needs and enlisting his or her co-operation.

9. Thank you