Malaria Case Study

Malaria & Case Study

1. Malaria

2. Definition Malaria is an infectious disease, which is caused by protozoan parasites of genus plasmodium. Causative Organism : Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium vivax Plasmodium ovale Plasmodium malariae

3. The Symptoms of Malaria Severe malaria Seizures Respiratory d istress Anemia Organ failure Coma Death

4. Diagnosis Microscopic examination of blood Antigen detection test Patients history & clinical observation

5. treatment  4-Aminoquinolines—Chloroquine,  Amodiaquine  Aryl-amino alcohols—Quinine,  Mefloquine ,  Halofantrine 8-Aminoquinolines—Primaquine Antifolate—Sulfadoxine ,  Proguanil ,  Pyrimethamine Antibiotics—Tetracycline Qinghaosu—Artemisinin  (derived from leeches) New drugs— Atovaquona ,  Pyronaridine ,  Benflumetol

6. prevention Mosquito nets Keep your surroundings clean Mosquito repellants Vaccines for malaria are underdevelopment PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE

7. Case Study

8. Patients Performa Name – Mr. X Age – 26 yrs Gender – Male Date of admission – 06/10/12 Date of discharge – 10/10/12

9. Chief complaints C/O fever, vomiting, back pain, fatigue, head ache X 3days. History of present illness H/O back pain ,headache. Past Medical History N/K/C/O DM, HTN, BA, Personal History Non-alcoholic, Non-smoker.

10. Physical Examination Patient is conscious oriented Temp- 104 F Pulse- 90/min Bp- 130/90 mm/Hg RR- 20beats/min Systemic examination CVS- S1S2+ CNS- NFND RS- NVBS P/A- Soft

11. Lab Investigation Data's Observed Value Normal Value Hb 12.6 gm/dl( ↓ ) 14-18 RBC 4.4million/cubic mm( ↓ ) 4.2-5.6 ESR(1 Hour) 25mm/hr( ↑ ) 15-20 Platelet 110cubic mm ( ↓ ) 140-450 Pot 3.1meq/l ( ↓ ) 3.5-5.5 Bili (T) 1.8 mg/dl( ↑ ) 0.2-1.4 Bili (D) 1.5mg/dl ( ↑ ) 0.0-0.4 Bili (ID) 0.3mm/dl Total-Direct

12. OTHER TEST’S Dengue test – Negative Polymerase chain reaction – Positive MP QBC – Positive ( P.vivax ) Diagnosis Malaria

13. DRUG CHART Drugs Dose R.O.A Frequency Duration IV Fluids 2 Days Cap. Doxycycline 100mg P/O BD X 5 Days Tab. Dolo 650mg P/O TDS X 1 Day Tab. Larigo 600mg P/O OD X 5 Days Inj. Emeset 4 mg I.V STAT X 2 Days

14. Drug Interactions Doxycycline decrease the effect of amoxicilline by pharmacodynamic antagonism- Use alternatively Discharge Advice: Tab. Larigo (600mg) OD for 14 days Tab. Dolo (650mg) STAT Cap. Doxycycline (100mg) BD for 7 Days Review after 14 Days

15. Patients Counselling Take adequate rest Drink plenty of clean water. MB QBC Test recommended after 14 days