Marketing History

THE WHOLE HISTORY OF MARKETING..

1. TOPIC- MARKETING HISTORY PRESENTED BY- MAHIMA SURI BBM-4 TH SEMESTER 157517

2. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION HISTORY OF MARKETING MARKETING EVOLUTION CONCLUSION REFERENCES

3. INTRODUCTION “ Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large .”

4. MARKETING HISTORY Marketing had a longer history than most people actually realize . In the past 30 years, marketing’s history has accelerated at a very rapid pace with all of the digital marketing opportunities . Today, we, as consumers, are targeted relentlessly through digital mediums, physical advertisements, and through audible airways in our everyday lives that we might not even realize all the product and brand placements that are in place. To get back to the roots of marketing, and recap on just how far it has really come, this is the brief history of marketing.

5. 1450 The beginning of print marketing – Gutenberg invents moveable type, making mass printing possible. 1730 Magazines emerge for a new type of print marketing. The first magazine created was published in 1731, in London. It was called The Gentleman’s Magazine and is considered to be the first general-interest magazine. 1839 Posters become extremely popular and were banned in London because they were advertising on private property. In turn, London began using humans as billboards by wearing sandwich boards with their advertisement on them. 1867 This was the year that billboards were starting to be leased.

6. 1922 On February 1922, AT&T announced that they would be selling advertising spots on the radio. WEAF of New York aired the first paid radio commercial. 1941 The first recorded television advertisement was broadcasted in the United States on July 1, 1941. The watchmaker Bulova paid $9 for a placement on WNBT, a New York station before a baseball game between the Brooklyn Dodgers and Philadelphia Phillies . 1946 The first telephone calls from marketers were made from automobiles. The Bell System’s – Mobile Telephone Service – inaugural call was made on June 17th in St. Louis.

7. 1973 While at Motorola, Dr. Martin Cooper makes the first hand-held mobile phone call. He is responsible for the development of the cellular phone and brought it to the market. 1984 Guerrilla marketing is used to generate buzz and in 1984 guerrilla marketing become popular through a book called Guerrilla Marketing, written by Jay Conrad Levinson, who coined the term. 1985 Desktop publishing makes print advertising even easier by launching an Apple LaserWriter printer, and later would introduce PageMaker software from Aldus.

8. 1994 The first automated, large-scale commercial use of spam was created, which was advertising their service of enrolling people in a green card lottery. The U.S. government allocated a limited quantity of green cards to certain non-citizens, so these lawyers offered to do the necessary paperwork for free. 1995 Yahoo! was launched as a search engine on March 1st. Alta Vista search was launched as an internet search engine on December 15th by Yahoo!. 1996 First recorded use of the term search engine optimization (SEO). Webmasters began optimizing sites for search engines. Initially, all a webmaster had to do was submit the URL to the search engines to have them crawl it. 1998 Google was launched as a search engine. MSN search engine was launched.

9. 2003 MySpace was founded in August. LinkedIn was launched on May 5th. Can-Spam Act was signed on December 16th. This act was the first national standard for the sending of commercial emails. 2004 Facebook founded in February. It was founded by Mark Zuckerberg with his college roommates. Facebook was initially created for connecting between college students. 2005 Google begins personalized search results. When a user is logged into a Google Account, all of his or her searches on Google Search are recorded for their web history and will help for a better user experience by personalizing searches.

10. 2006 Twitter was created in March 2006 by Jack Dorsey. The original name before twitter was twitter. 2009 Google Instant is a feature that displays suggested results while the user is typing in their search query and launched in 2009. 2011 Google+ is a social network and identity service and launched on June 28th. Google Panda was a change in Google’s search results ranking algorithm that was first released in February 2011.

11. MARKETING EVOLUTION

12. 1. SIMPLE TRADE ERA This era began around the beginning of time and lasted to the mid 1800's. Everything that was available was made or harvested by hand. Exploration was the main focus of the economy at the time, and so was trade. Everything was in limited supply because of the fact that most things were hand made and harvested. Main focus of the economy at the time, and so was trade.

13. 2 . PRODUCTION ERA : The prevailing attitude and approach of the production orientation era was -“consumers favor products that are available and highly affordable” . The mantra for marketing success was to “Improve production and distribution”. The rule was “availability and affordability is what the customer wants”. The era was marked by narrow product-lines; pricing system based on the costs of production and distribution, limited research, primary aim of the packaging was to protect the product, minimum promotion. Advertising meant, “Promoting products with a lesser quality”. . Production era: ‘Cut costs. Profits will take care of themselves’

14. 3 . PRODUCT ERA : The attitude changed slowly and approach shifted from production to product and from the quantity to quality. The prevailing attitude of this period was that consumers favor products that offer the most quality, performance and innovative features and the mantra for marketers was ‘A good product will sell itself’, so does not need promotion. Product era: ‘A good product will sell itself’

15. 4. SALES ORIENTATION ERA : The increased competition and variety of choices / options available to customers changed the marketing approach and now the attitude was “ Consumers will buy products only if the company promotes/ sells these products”. This era indicates rise of advertising and the focus of marketers was “Creative advertising and selling will overcome consumers’ resistance and convince them to buy”. Sales era: ‘Selling is laying the bait for the customer’

16. 5 . MARKETING ORIENTATION ERA : The shift from production to product and from product to customers later manifested in the Marketing Era which focused on the “needs and wants of the customers” and the main focus of marketers was ” ‘The consumer is king! Find a need and fill it’. The approach is shifted to delivering satisfaction better than competitors are. Marketing era: ‘The customer is King!’

17. 6 . RELATIONSHIP MARKETING ORIENTATION ERA : This is the modern approach of marketing. Today’s marketer focuses on needs/ wants of target markets and aims at delivering superior value . The focus of a successful marketer is ‘Long-term relationships with customers and other partners lead to successes Relationship marketing era: ‘Relationship with customers determine our firm’s future’

18. 7 . MOBILE MARKETING ERA- This era is all about real-time connections with the customers. Seeing as how most people these days have some sort of smart phone this is a really smart concept . If you make it so that your ads can be seen on mobile devices, the amount of people that view them will increase exponentially. This is more of a conceptual stage, but it is being used today. Real-time connections with the customers.

19. CONCLUSION

20. REFERENCES marketingtype.weebly.com/simple-trade-era . htmldstevenwhite.com/2010/06/18/the-evolution-of-marketing /