Massage course ppt 3 about massage course

Massage course

1. Massage course Teacher of the massage course - Abdyrakunova Gulbara Turdubaevna , Candidate of Medical Sciences

2. Massage is a dosed mechanical effect on various parts of the human body produced by the hands of a massage therapist or special devices. The word "massage" most likely comes from the Greek. masso that means to squeeze, knead, knead, stroke. Using the labor of many scientists and doctors massage has become an effective method of treatment, recovery today ability to work, relieve fatigue, used to stop and prevention of diseases, healing of the body.

3. Physiological effect of massage Improving blood circulation and lymph circulation, increasing body temperature locally b y 0.50 , stimulation of growth, increased elasticity of ligaments apparatus, enhanced and increased muscle contractility, improvement of skin elasticity and tightness, in general, improvement - trophic fabrics. Massage can be general when mechanical consumption cover the entire surface of the body, and placed (locally, separately), with which is massaged by a certain area of ​​the body. Massage replenishment can be divided into manual and hardware. Applying Manual Views massage in the office with hardware offers options combined massage .

4. Depending on the tasks and purpose, massage is divided into the following types: medical, hygienic, cosmetic, sports, self-massage

5. B asic massage techniques are: stroking, rubbing, kneading and vibration. Apart from basic techniques, there are various options for them.

6. The effect of massage on the body is based on a complex process, due to neuro-reflex, humoral and mechanical impact. The essence of the neuro-reflex mechanism is that during massage, numerous and four a variety of nerve endings embedded in the skin, tendons, ligaments, muscles, blood vessels and internal organs. The flow of impulses that occurs when this, reaches the central nervous system, modifies its activity, manifested in changes in the functional state of various body systems, its reactivity and resistance to adverse environmental factors.

7. The effect of massage on the body 2 Under the influence of massage in the tissues split metabolic products. Being in the skin in a bound, inactive state, they are under the influence of massage go into a free condition, absorbed into the blood and excreted from the body.

8. The effect of massage on the body 3 Massage also has a direct mechanical effect on skin, muscles and other tissues, stimulates the movement of liquid media in them, changes their mechanical properties, nutrition and tone, functional activity of tissues and organs. mechanical effect on the sympathetic nerve fibers leads to the activation of the adaptive-trophic function sympathetic nervous system, restoration of hormone excretion adrenal glands, thyroid gland and ovaries. The latter stimulates metabolic processes in the body, increases resistance and activates it immunogenesis

9. general methodological rules of massage. ( P 1 ) 1. Massage should be carried out in a bright, spacious, clean and well ventilated room with air temperature in the range of 22-24 ° C and relative humidity not higher than 60%. 2. Cleanliness of the skin is the main hygienic requirement for carrying out massage. It is desirable to do it after a hygienic shower. shower extremely necessary in the summer, when sweating intensifies on the skin a lot of dust and germs settle. With abundant hairline massage it is recommended to do through sterile linen or sheet 3. The patient during the massage should be naked or in a clean thin linen, preferably in silk. An indispensable condition for correct massage - the maximum exposure of the massaged area. 4.To achieve the greatest effect, massage should be carried out. with maximum muscle relaxation. Contributing to its achievement average physiological position of the limbs during massage. T he comfortable position of the massaged part of the body is also important..

10. general methodological rules of massage. 5. All massage techniques are performed along the lymphatic pathways, towards the near lymph nodes. Lymph nodes are not massaged. Hands are massaged from the hand to the elbow joint, and from it to the armpit; legs – from the foot to the knee joint, and from the knee joint to the inguinal nodes; chest is massaged from the middle to the sides to the armpits; back – from the spine to the sides, lower back and sacral area are massaged to the inguinal nodes; neck from the hairline down to the subclavian nodes

11. general methodological rules of massage. 6. In order to protect the skin during massage from excessive irritation and enhance the massage effect, various powders and lubricants are used. Of the powders, talc, rice powder, baby powder are the most convenient. Vegetable oils are used as lubricants, as well as special masking creams. For herapeutic and sports massage , rubbing agents and medicinal ointments are often used.

12. general methodological rules of massage. 7 The massage procedure consists of introductory, main and final sections. In the introductory section, the massaged person is prepared for the main part of the procedure with gentle techniques for 1-3 minutes. In the main section, differentiated massage is carried out according to its purpose and the condition of the massaged. In the final part, the intensity of massage techniques is reduced for 1-3 minutes, ending the procedure by stroking the entire massaged area.

13. general methodological rules of massage. 8. Massage should not cause pain; after the massage there should be a pleasant feeling of warmth in the massaged area, improvement of well-being, there may be a desire to sleep. The skin turns red, but it is impossible to allow the appearance of spots, petechiae. 9. Massage is best done 1-2 hours after a non-abundant meal. Before the procedure, the bladder and intestines should be released. 10. After the massage, it is advisable to take a shower and rest for 15 -30 minutes.

14. Muscles are the main object of massage The movement processes in the human body are provided by the musculoskeletal system

15. It consist Passive part Bones Ligaments joints Active part Muscles

16. Muscle tissue Smooth Muscle tissue Striated Muscle tissue

17. Surface muscles

18. deep muscles Muscles which lie closer to bone or internal organs are called deep muscles

19. What do muscles do? Muscles play a role in nearly every system and function of the body. Different kinds of muscles help with: Breathing, speaking and swallowing. Digesting food and getting rid of waste. Moving, sitting still and standing up straight. Pumping blood through the heart and blood vessels. Pushing a baby through the birth canal as muscles in the uterus contract and relax. Seeing and hearing.

20. cutaway muscles

21. muscle antagonists

22. shortened muscles

23. Indications for Massage Pain Edema Muscle Spasm Trigger Points Insufficiencies of Circulation Contracted Tissues Specific or general Relaxation

24. Painful Musculoskeletal Back pain General orthopedic conditions Post-operative conditions Fibromyalgia Degenerative joint conditions

25. Types of Edema Local - Edema is confined to an area (ex. ligament sprain) Systemic Edema - Occurs throughout the body (ex. Congestive Heart Failure) Lymphedema - Edema resulting from compromise of lymphatic system, tends to be regional. (ex. Removal of cancerous lymph nodes

26. Muscle Spasms Involuntary contraction due to inflammation, irritation Often are tissues that are gaurding other injured tissues

27. Muscle Spasm Massage Purpose Used to relax muscle spasms Help local blood flow. reduce pain associated with spasm Helps break the pain - spasm - pain cycle

28. Techniques such as cupping, dry needling, and trigger point massage have been found to be effective in reducing plastic pain

29. Benefits of Massage and Relaxation Relaxation is a nice side effect which can enable us to carry out other treatments

30. Contraindications When increased circulation is not desired Severe Distress (severe pain, febrile state) Contagious skin condition Over foreign bodies or sharp bony prominences Massage Too soon: Acute conditions Areas of decreased sensation Over Recent surgery Systemic Edema Areas of Active Bone growth Tuberculosis Pregnancy (over abdomen

31. Conditions where increased Circulation is not Desired Systemic Edeman - Occurs throughout the body (ex Congestive Heart failure. If you push back too much fluid it overwhelms the heart leading to more damage) Primary Lymphedema - Edema resulting from compromise ot the lymphatic system Infections - May be spread by blood or by lymph (ex. Osteomyelitis, Septic arthritis, dermatitis, cellulitis, myositis Blood Clots - DVT mechanical stimulation can break down clot and release to freely roam

32. Contraindication for Severe Distress Do not perform massage on patient that has severe distress or is in a febrile condition. Physically ill or Nauseated Is in severe pain Has a fever or a systemic process occuring

33. The erector spinae muscles The erector spinae muscles comprise the intermediate layer of the deep (intrinsic) muscles of the back . They extend on either side of the vertebral column, between the base of the cranium superiorly and pelvis inferiorly.. The erector spinae are divided into three groups, from medial to lateral: Spinalis m Longissimus m Iliocostalis m The function of the spinal erectors are Holds the head straight and tilts it back Location starts - lower neck (cervical vertebrae) , upper thoracic vertebrae Attaches - upper cervical vertebrae, base of skull and ribs

34. Each group of muscles in the thigh has a different functions: Adductors: Allow you to bring the thighs toward each other, which is called adduction. They help you stay balanced, keep the legs and hips in alignment, and allow rotation through the hips and legs. Hamstrings : Allow you to extend (tilt) your hip to move your leg behind your body, such as when you walk and put one leg behind you. They also let you flex (bend) your knee, like when you squat. Pectineus: Enables you to flex and rotate the thigh at the hip joint. It also helps stabilize the pelvis. Quadriceps: Allow you to flex your hip (for example, squatting or sitting) or extend the knee (standing or reaching the leg straight in front of you to take a step). Sartorius : Helps you flex and rotate the thigh from the hip joint. You use it when you cross your legs to rest one ankle on the opposite leg. Other examples include sitting cross-legged on the floor or bending and rotating your leg to look at the bottom of your foot.

35. Location Adductors include five muscles: gracilis , obturator externus, adductor brevis, adductor longus and adductor magnus. They are on the inside of the thigh, starting at the pelvis and extending to the femur (thigh bone). Hamstrings are a group of three muscles: semitendinosus, semimembranosus and biceps femoris. They run down the back of the thigh, from the hip to just below the knee. Pectineus is a flat muscle that extends from the front of the pelvis to the top of the femur. Quadriceps include four large muscles located in the front of the thigh: vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. They start at the pelvis (hip bone) and femur (thigh bone) and extend down to the patella (kneecap) and tibia (shin bone). Sartorius muscle is a long, thin muscle — the longest in the human body. It starts by the hip and wraps across the front of the thigh, then downward toward the knee

36. psoas major. iliacus The psoas muscle is the main flexor of the hip joint . The joint functions of psoas major and iliacus produce the hipflexion towards the abdomen; bends the body forward Location - The psoas major's proximal (closest to the head) attachmen t is on the sides of the bodies of the vertebrae from T12 through L4. Attaches with the iliacus to the lesser trochanter of the femur under the hip joint iliacus begins at the anterior part of the ilium.

37. hamstrings: biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus Biceps femoris is a muscle of the posterior compartment of the thigh, and lies in the posterolateral aspect. It arises proximally by two 'heads', termed the 'long head' (superficial) and the 'short head' (deep). It is part of the hamstrings Function - bends the knee, raises the lower leg, rotates the thigh inwards They start : with two heads from the pelvis and femur Semitendinosus and semimembranosus -start from the ischial tuberosity Attached: biceps femur - head of the fibula. Semitendinosus - tuberosity of the tibia; semimembranosus -internal condyle of the tibia

38. calf muscle Beginning - the inner and outer surfaces of the lower part of the femur. soleus muscle m. begins with the proximal ends of the tibia and fibula. The gastrocnemius and soleus muscles constrict and merge at the base of the gastrocnemius muscle. The tough connective tissue at the bottom of the gastrocnemius fuses with the Achilles tendon. The Achilles tendon attaches to the calcaneus (calcaneus). Functions-flexes the leg and foot

39. There are 3 wide palmar lines on the back. One line is along the spine from the neck to the coccyx. Its width is 12-15 cm

40. Back Shu points are used primarily for chronic conditions. Back Shu points are called the Associated points, or Paravertebral Reflex points. Points often are tender to palpation when there is a disorder with their associated organs. Spontaneous pain indicates a disorder in the meridian.

41. Upper back massage indicated by 5 thick lines 1. paravertebral line runs from the base of the neck to the middle of the back 2. the line goes around the inner edge of the scapula 3. the line is located according to the spine of the scapula 4 line runs from the middle of the spine of the scapula perpendicularly down 5 line runs along the upper edge of the trapezius muscle

42. Tenderness with light palpation indicates the meridian is deficient in energy and hypofunction of the associated organ. Treatment of these points have a general calming effect

43. The Small Intestine meridian is one of three Yang meridians on the arm. Beginning at acupoint SI 1 on the pinky finger, it passes along the back side of the arm, behind the shoulder, crosses over the shoulder blade, and moves up to the face where it ends at acupoint SI 19. Because of the location of the Small Intestine meridian and points, it is used to support the health of the shoulder joint. The Small Intestine Meridian is used to relieve pain in the intestinal tract and to remove excess heat (such as fever) from the body

44. the gallbladder meridian runs along the sides of the body

45. General techniques 1 Thumb pressure 2Palm pressure fist pressure 3Kneading with one finger Pinching 4 Pat Light touches on the head 5 Stretch

46. Shiatsu massage rules: 1 The room must be at a comfortable temperature 2 Shiata can be done on the floor or on a couch 3. The clothes of the massage therapist should be loose and made of natural fibers. 4. Massage should be carried out no earlier than 2 hours after eating 5Movements should be smooth and slow. 6 The impact should be at a right angle. this does not cause pain to the muscles

47. Always use the thumb extended. … Do not bend the thumb at the first joint”

48. Leg stretch