MEMORY-EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY-CHILDHOOD AND GROWING UP

This ppt explains the importance of memory techniques for children. It is useful tips for B.Ed. trainee students (Childhood and Growing Up).

1. Memory Dr. N. ANANDAKUMAR Ph.D., Ph.D ., Assistant Professor-Contractual Faculty, Department of Education, The Gandhigram Rural Institute-Deemed to be University, Gandhigram . Dindigul -Dt. Email: [email protected]

2. Learning Objectives Introduction to Memory Kinds of Memory Memory System Measuring Memory or Retention Conclusion

3. 1. Introduction to Memory Memory increases our efficiency. Memory enables us to remember important facts, ideas, names etc. and other items of information. Memory in fact, is one of the best friends, guides and philosophers of an individual. Memory is the function of the mind by virtue of which it records, retains and produces ideas gained by it own activity. According to Woodworth four main elements of memory-Learning, Retention, Recall and Recognition.

4. 2. Kinds of Memory A. Habit and True Memory -Habit memory is dependent collections. For example learning of mathematical tables, whereas true memory has independent collections. B. Rote and Logical Memory -Rote Memory is the mechanical repetition of an experience without understanding, logical memory depends on understanding. C. Passive and Active Memory -Passive Memory is the past experiences come to our consciousness without making any effort on our past, where as deliberate efforts to recall some forgotten experience for example MUSIC.

5. 3. Memory System A. Sensory Memory -The information from the environment arrives through the senses and is held briefly in a sensory store (The sensory register) of relatively large capacity. B. Short-Term Store -It is assumed to be a temporary working memory with a quite limited capacity. It is a record of the current contents of consciousness. C. Long-Term Store -It is conceived of as a permanent repository of information.

6. 4. Measuring Memory or Retention According to H. Ebbinghaus (1885) and others have used four methods of measuring retention. A. Recall or Reproduction -For instance, the learner may learn a list of 40 words and after 8 hours he is able to recall only 20 words, his recall score is 50%. B. Relearning or Saving Methods -For instance, if the subject takes 10 trials to recall a whole poem correctly, and only takes 6 trials to master the same after 2 days, his saving score is 40%.

7. C. Recognition -In a typical recognition test, learner ability to recognize items with new items. D. Reconstruction -The learner first learns the materials in a serial order, then mixed up and rearrange the items in their proper sequence.

8. 5. Conclusion One of the important aims of school teaching is to encourage the learners to acquire and to retain the knowledge imparted in school for future use in school life. Therefore, very essential to take proper steps so that students are able to retain and recall easily, the information acquired, after a time gap.

9. Thank you..