METAPHYSICS.pdf

This presentation is all about METAPHYSICS.

1. METAPHYSICS
PHILOSOPHY

2. Who is the FATHER/FOUNDER of METAPHYSICS
•He is the presocratic “GREEK PHILOSPHER”
•Also his works exits/survive today in fragments
•He is PARMENIDES
•Born in 515 BC
ARISTOTLE was the founder
•He was ancient Greek philosopher, Born in approximately 384BC

3. METAPHYSICS
“ARISTOTLE”
•The word metaphysics derivesfromtheGreek “META PHYSIKA”
(AFTERTHETHINGSOFNATURE).
•ItisanexpressionbyHellenisticandlatercommentatorstoreferAristotleuntitledcalled
oftext.
•Ithasbeentakentomeanthestudyofthingstranscendingnature.
•GivingametaphilosophicalmeaningitdidnothaveinclassicalGreek
•AlsoitbeganwithspeculationsinthesixthcenturyBCE,referstotheoriginofthephysical
universe,thematterorstufffromwhichitismade,andthelawsoruniformities
everywherepresentinnature.
•Withthingspriorandbetterknowninthemselves”toexplainwhytreatisesonfirst
philosophyshouldcomeafterthebookofphysics.

4. PARMENIDES
•Typicalcharacteristicsofmetaphysicsasadistinctphilosophicalinquiryare
presentin,oratleastsuggestedby,hissurvivingwritings.
•Thesecharacteristicsare,firsttheconceptionofphilosophyasanattemptto
understandtheuniversebymeansalogicalinvestigationthatisapriori,
appealingtomeaningsoftermratherthantheevidenceofsenses.
•Thismethodisincontrasttothemethodofnaturalscience,whichrelieson
senseperception.

5. WhatisthedefinitionMETAPHYSICS
•Itisabranchofphilosophyconcernedwithnatureofexistence
•ArguablymetaphysicsisthefoundationofPhilosophy.
•Aristotlecalleditas“FIRSTPHILOSOPHY/SOMETIMES WISDOM”
•Metaphysicsisafieldofphilosophythatisgenerallyfocusedonhow
realityanduniversebegan.
•Metaphysicsisatypeofphilosophyorstudythatusesabroad
conceptstohelpdefinerealityandourunderstandingofit.
•Metaphysicalstudiesgenerallyseektoexplaininheritoruniversal
elementsofrealitywhicharenoteasilydiscoveredorexperiencedin
oureverydaylife.
•Italsoaffectourdailyview.

6. METAPHYSICS
Ultimate Beliefs
Religion & Philosophy
Intuition Faith Reason
PHYSICS
Theories & Laws
Observations & Experiments
Science

7. Best Example
•The existence of UNIVERSE
•Metaphysics is a study of God versus the Big Bang
Theory
The Big Metaphysical Question
•What is our Place in the Universe?
•What is consciousness?
•Does the world really exits?

9. BRANCHES OF METAPHYSICS
Metaphysics is consists of three branches.
1.Ontology–itisthestudyofnatureofbeing,becoming,existence,or
reality,aswellasthebasiccategoriesofbeingandhowtheyrelateto
eachother
-itinvestigateswhatthereis
*Mereotopology-dealswiththerelations,amongwholes,parts,partsof
parts,andtheboundariesbetweenparts
*Meta-ontology-investigateswhatweareaskingwhenweaskwhat
thereis
2.Metametaphysics–itisconcernedwiththefoundationsofmetaphysics
(whichisconcernedprimarilywiththefoundationsofreality)

10. 3.Cosmology-itisacentralbranchthatstudiestheorigin,fundamental
structure,nature,anddynamicsoftheuniverse
*Physicalcosmology-studyofthelargest-scalestructuresand
dynamicsoftheUniverseandisconcernedwithfundamentalquestions
aboutitsformation,evolution,andultimatefate
4.NaturalTheology-thestudyofGodincludingthenatureofreligionand
theworld,existenceofthedivine,questionsaboutthecreationandthe
variousotherreligiousorspiritualissues
5.UniversalScience–thestudyoffirstprinciplesoflogicandreasoning
suchasthelawofnocontradiction

11. WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF METAPHYSICS?
•It provides a base for educational thought by establishing knowledge, truths
and values, as ontological realities whose nature must be understood to
understand its place in educational matters.
•Also it is the foundation of philosophy. Without an explanation or an
interpretation of the world around us, we would be helpless to deal with
reality.
•Without this firm foundation, all knowledge become suspect.
•Any flaw in our view of reality will make it more difficult to live.

12. HOWCANWEAPPLYMETAPHYSICSINOURDAILYLIFE?
•Wecanapplyitthroughcriticizingandobservingthethingsthat
surroundsus.
•Forithelpustogainknowledgeandseekwisdom.
•Applyingmetaphysicstoyourlifecanbeassimpleasdaily
meditation,ascomplexasremoteviewingandinfluencing,and
everythinginbetween.