methods of-language-teaching

LANGUAGE TEACHING METHODOLOGY

1. LANGUAGE TEACHING
METHODOLOGY

2. METHODS OF LANGUAGE
TEACHING
1) Grammar-translation method
2) Direct method
3) Reading approach
4) Audiolingual method
5) The silent way
6) Suggestopedia
7) Community language learning
8) Total physical response
9) The natural way
10) Communicative language teaching

3. Grammar-Translation
Method (early 19th century)
Systematic study of the prescribed grammar of
classical Latin and classical texts.
Instruction given in mother tongue
Teacher does not have to be able to speak target
language
Drills are exercises in translating disconnected
sentences from the target language into the mother
tongue, and vice versa.

4. Direct Approach (1886)
 Established Phonetics becomes an
issue in language teaching
 No use of the mother tongue is
permitted
 Actions and pictures are used to make
meanings clear

5. Reading Approach
Reading is viewed as the most appropriate
skill to have in a foreign language since many
people did not travel abroad
 Only the grammar useful for reading
comprehension is taught;
 Reading comprehension is the only language
skill emphasized

6. AUDIO- LINGUAL
APPROACH (1939-1945 )
This method is based on the principles of
behavior psychology.
Overcoming native language habits; form
new target language habits.
 Vocabulary is strictly limited and learned in
context
 Intersperse short periods of drill (about 10
minutes) with very brief alternative activities
to avoid fatigue and boredom.

7. SILENT WAY/
COGNITIVE APPROACH
(1960)
 To create simple linguistic situations
that remain under the complete control
of the teacher .
This method emphasizes the autonomy
of the learners
 Reading and writing are once again
important as listening and speaking

8. Suggestopedia/
Affective - Humanistic Approach
(1976)
 Class atmosphere is viewed as more
important than materials or methods;
 The teacher should be proficient in the
target language and the student’s native
language since translation may be used
heavily in the initial stages to help students
feel at ease; later it is gradually phased
out.
 Learners were encouraged to be as
“childlike” as possible.

9. Community Language
Learning
 Teacher plays role as a counselor, and
student as client
 Emphasize the sense of community in
learning group
 There is no syllabus or textbook to
follow, the student determine the lesson
themselves

10. TOTAL PHYSICAL
RESPONSE
 Combines information and skills
through the use of the kinesthetic
sensory system.
 Main aim is to reduce the stress.
 Students speak when they are ready.
 After learning to respond to oral
commands the students learn to read
and write

11. NATURAL APPROACH
 This method emphasized development of
basic personal communication skills
 Focus of instruction is on communication
rather than it form
 Speech production comes slowly and is
never forced
 Early speech goes through natural stages
(yes or no response, one word answer to
complete sentence)

12. Communicative Language
Teaching
 The method stresses on learning to
communicate through the target
language
Interact with others in the target
language; negotiate meaning.
Focus in on meaning, not form
 Material is presented in context

13. OUR
ENVIRONME
NT
 Reading :
 Speaking :
 Listening :
 Writing :
EXERCISE