MINI INVERTER PROJECT.pptx

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1. MINI INVERTER 12V TO 220V GUIDED BY: DR MARY VINAYA PRESENTED BY: ADHEENA.V.S PERSIS ABEY SHAMLA.K

2. O BJECTIVE To convert a 12V DC power supply into a 240V AC output using a transformer to step up the power to upto 1KW

3. M INI INVERTER It is a dc-to-ac power inverters which aim to efficiently transform a DC power source into a high-voltage AC source similar to the power that would be available at an electrical wall outlet. Inverters are used for many applications, s s in situations where low-voltage DC sources such as batteries, solar panels, or fuel cells must be converted so that devices can run off of AC power. One example of such a situation would be converting electrical power from a car battery to run a laptop, TV, or cell phone .

4. WORKING PROCEss The 100-watt inverter circuit uses a CD 4047 IC as an astable multivibrator to generate two 180-degree out-of-phase 100 HZ pulse trains. The pulse trains are pre-amplified by two TIP 122 transistors. The pre-amplified signals are further amplified by four 2n3055 transistors, with two transistors used for each half cycle. The amplified signals are used to drive an inverter transformer, producing a 220v ac output at the transformer's secondary.

5. BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR INVERTER

6. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM FOR 100W INVERTER

7. COMPONENTS CD4047BC BATTERY12V TRANSISTOR 1) TIP 122 2) TIP 3055 PLUG5A SWITCH MCB TRANSFORMER(STEPUP) RESISTOR DIODE VARIABLEPORT(250K) CAPACITOR FUSE(10A) WIRES CMOS PLASTIC PACKAGE DIODE HEATSINK

8. COMPONENT DISCRIPTION CD4047BC The CD4047B IC can operate in mono-stable or a-stable modes. In mono-stable mode, an external capacitor and resistor are used to control the output pulse width. In a-stable mode, the output frequency is determined by the external timing components. A-stable operation is enabled by a high level on the a-stable input or a low level on the mono-stable input. The Q and Q outputs provide a frequency determined by the timing components, while the oscillator output offers double the frequency of Q with an unspecified duty cycle .

9. PLUG SOCKET The ring circuit system, also known as "ring main," is used to provide a single-phase electrical supply for running single-phase motors. In a ring circuit, instead of individually wiring each socket, a cable is brought from the distribution board and connected in sequence to multiple sockets before returning to the distribution board and being connected to the same fuse or circuit breaker. This setup results in significant copper savings in the wiring of the circuit. The fuse or circuit breaker used in the distribution board must be rated for the maximum current that the ring can carry, typically 30A or 32A for a breaker. To ensure safety and proper operation, the plugs used to connect the sockets in the ring circuit must contain their own fuse, rated for the specific appliance being connected to the socket. This helps protect the appliance and the circuit from overcurrent situations.

10. MCB(MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER) Their primary function is to detect fault conditions and immediately interrupt the continuity of electrical flow. Circuit breakers are electrical switches that automatically protect circuits from damage caused by overload or short circuit. Unlike fuses, which need to be replaced after operation, circuit breakers can be manually or automatically reset to restore normal operations. Circuit breakers come in various sizes, ranging from small devices that protect individual household appliances to large switchgear used to safeguard high voltage circuits supplying entire cities. They play a crucial role in ensuring electrical safety by preventing excessive current from flowing through a circuit, thus preventing overheating, fire hazards, and damage to equipment.

11. BATTERY 12V The inverter circuit is powered by a 12V rechargeable battery. The power input to the circuit is controlled by a relay that connects the battery supply to the control circuit. A transistor (TR3) and a light-emitting diode (LED) are used to indicate whether power is being supplied from the rechargeable battery through the circuit or not. If power is passing through the circuit, a 5.1-volt zener diode activates transistor CRR3, allowing current to flow and turning on the LED. The LED serves as a visual indicator to show that the power from the rechargeable battery is being successfully transmitted through the circuit.

12. CMOS TRANSISTOR TIP122 Medium power linear switching applications . Complementary toTIP125/126/127

13. TIP 3055/2N3055 The 2N3055 transistor is a silicon NPN power transistor designed for general-purpose applications. RCA introduced the 2N3055 in the early 1960s, utilizing their " hometaxial " power transistor process. As one of the pioneering silicon power transistors, the 2N3055 was known for its exceptional immunity to second breakdown. The transistor found extensive use in various applications, with a notable presence in audio power amplifiers and linear power supplies. Its superior characteristics, including reliability and performance, made it a popular choice for amplification and power distribution in electronic circuits.

14. TRANSFORMER . The inverter in this design was intended to provide power for residential or small business sites. The power source for the inverter can be a standalone system such as a fuel cell, micro turbine, or solar cells. To align with standard practices for home grid connection, the inverter produces a single-phase three-wire output. In a typical utility system, the high voltage from the three-phase power available at the utility pole is transformed down to 120/240V using a center -tapped transformer. The inverter's purpose is to replicate this voltage conversion process, allowing it to provide a compatible power output for home connection . This configuration enables safe and efficient power distribution in residential systems, accommodating the electrical needs of homes and small businesses.

15. APPLICATIONS This circuit can be used in cars and other vehicles to charge small batteries This circuit can be used to drive low power AC motor It can be used in solar power system

16. THANK YOU