Module 11-NSTP 1- Environmental Protection (1).ppt

National Service Training program for environmental protection. this will help the people on protecting the environment.

1. National
Service
Training
Program 1
Module 11: Environmental Protection
w/ special topic about The Role of NSTP
Student Leaders on Climate Change by
Passe, Carmelita M. et al.

2. Objectives
Discuss the kind of
pollution and how to
prevent it.

3. Overview
This session focuses on the kinds of pollution and
its effects on our environment and how we can
help protect our environment.

4. The Role of
NSTP
Student
Leaders on
Climate
Change
Ms. Carmelita M. Passe
Media Production Specialist III
Climate Change Office
Environmental Management Bureau

5. How to Address Climate
Change
Mitigation
Adaptation

6. Mitigation
Human intervention or actions toHuman intervention or actions to
 reduce the sourcesreduce the sources or or
 enhance the sinksenhance the sinks
of greenhouse gases (GHG) aimed at reducing the extent of of greenhouse gases (GHG) aimed at reducing the extent of
global warming. (global warming. (IPCC- FAR)IPCC- FAR)

7. Energy
Improved supply and Improved supply and
distribution efficiencydistribution efficiency
Combined heat and powerCombined heat and power
Renewable energyRenewable energy

8. Transport
Hybrid vehicles
Biofuels
Shift to public mass transport
systems
Non-motorized transport

9. Industry
–More efficientMore efficient
electrical equipmentelectrical equipment
–Heat and power recoveryHeat and power recovery
–Material recycling and Material recycling and
substitutionsubstitution

10. Agriculture
–Improved crop and grazing land Improved crop and grazing land
management to increase soil management to increase soil
carbon storagecarbon storage
–Improved livestock and manure Improved livestock and manure
management to reduce CH4 management to reduce CH4
emissionsemissions
–Avoid burning of agricultural Avoid burning of agricultural
wasteswastes

11. Forestry Sector
–ReforestationReforestation
–AfforestationAfforestation
–Forest managementForest management
–Reduced deforestationReduced deforestation
–Use of forestry products for bioenergy to replace fossil Use of forestry products for bioenergy to replace fossil
fuel usefuel use

12. Waste Management
–Landfill methane recoveryLandfill methane recovery
–Composting of organic wasteComposting of organic waste
–Recycling and waste Recycling and waste
minimizationminimization

13. Adaptation
Increase the resilience and coping
capacity of the sector taking into
account current and future changes

14. Water Sector
Rainwater harvesting
Encourage adoption of new
environment-friendly technology
for efficient water use and water
conservation

15. Agriculture
Crop diversification
Change of crop or crop
variety
Crop insurance

16. Health Sector
Sanitary practices
Preventive care(e.g.,
vaccines)
Information and awareness
Health surveillance and
monitoring

17. Disaster Risk Reduction
Emergency preparedness
Early warning system
Evacuation plan

18. What you can do!
–Promote awareness on climate change in
school and in your home
–Update yourself on the latest information
on climate change
–Get involved in projects on mitigation and
adaptation
–Practice a climate-friendly lifestyle

19. Background
Environmental Protection is a practice of protection the
environment, on individual, organizational or governmental
level, for the benefit of the natural environment and (or)
humans. Due to the pressures of population and our
technology the Biophysical Environment is being degraded,
sometimes permanently. This has been recognized and
governments began placing restraints on activities that caused
Environmental Degradation. Since the 1960s activism by the
environmental movement ha created awareness of the various
environmental issues. There is not a full agreement on the
extent of the various environmental impacts of human activity
and protection measures are occasionally criticized.

20. Kinds of Pollution
Air Pollution
To be a pollutant, a material has to be potentially harmful
to life. A layer above the Earth’s surface supports life it is
known as troposphere. Air pollution has existed since first
used fire. Almost all air pollutants is the result of burning
fossil fuel, either in your home, by industry in internal
combustion engine. Some serious consequences are:
Acid Rain
Ozone Layer Depletion
Photochemical Smog
Greenhouse Effect

21. Kinds of Pollution
Land Pollution
Littering is one of the main effects of land pollution
today. Land pollution is also soil pollution of which has
deposits of solid waste, non-biodegradable materials,
and poisons. Land pollution has a mass globally,
everyday threatening the very foundation and
mechanical support of every matter on Earth.
Statistically, it has been shown that:
There is a loss of 6 million hectares of land per year.
There is a loss of 24 billion tons of topsoil per year.

22. Kinds of Pollution
Water Pollution
There is no such thing as naturally pure water. As water
flows into ground and filters through layers of soil and
rock in the ground, it dissolve and absorbs the
substances that it touches, some of these substances
are harmless. These some substances are man-made
chemicals, and are considered contaminants that can
make water unsafe. Some contaminants come from
erosion of natural rock formation. Others come from
factories, applied to farm lands, or used by consumers.
Reports tell which contaminants are in your drinking
water, and at which level they were found.

23. Ecological Solid Waste
Management Act of 2000
Section 1. Short Title. – this Act shall be known as the
“Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000.”
Section 2. Declaration of Policies – it is hereby
declared the policy of the State to adopt a
systematic, comprehensive and ecological solid waste
management program which shall:
Ensure the protection of the public health and
environment;

24. Ecological Solid Waste
Management Act of 2000
Utilized environmentally-sound methods that maximize the utilization of
valuable resources and encourage resource conservation and recovery;
Set guidelines and targets for solid waste avoidance and volume
reduction through source reduction and waste minimization measures,
including composting, recycling, re-use, recovery, green charcoal process,
and others, before collection, treatment and disposal in appropriate and
environmentally sound solid waste management facilities inn accordance
with ecologically sustainable development principles;
Ensure the proper segregation, collection, transport, storage, treatment
and disposal of solid waste through the formation and adoption of the
best environmental practice in ecological waste management excluding
incineration;

25. Ecological Solid Waste
Management Act of 2000
Promote National Research and Development Programs for improved
solid waste management and resource conservation techniques, more
effective institutional arrangement and indigenous and improved
methods of waste reduction, collection, separation and recovery;
Encourage greater private sector participation is solid waste
management;
Retain primary enforcement and responsibility of solid waste
management with local government units while establishing a
cooperative effort among the National Government, other local
government units, non-government organizations, and the private
sector;

26. Ecological Solid Waste
Management Act of 2000
Encourage cooperation and self-regulation among waste
generators through the application of market-based
instruments;
Institutionalize public participation in the development and
implementation, comprehensive and ecological waste
management programs; and of national and local integrated
Strengthen the integration of ecological solid waste
management and resource conservation and recovery topics in
the academic curricula of formal and non-formal education in
order to promote environmental awareness and action among
the citizenry.

27. Types of waste identified by RA
9003
A solid waste does not flow like water or gas.
Examples include paper, wood, metals, and glass,
plastic and contaminated soil. Solid waste can be
hazardous or non-hazardous. Problems associated
with non-hazardous solid waste include aesthetic
problems (litter and odors), leachate from the
infiltration of water through the waste, and off
gases resulting from biodegradation. Nonhazardous
solid wastes are commonly handled by recycling,
combustion, land filling, and composting.

28. Types of waste identified by RA
9003
–Liquid wastes must be transported in containers or through pipes.
Examples include sewage, contaminated ground water, and
industrial liquid discharges. In some cases, direct discharge to the
environment may be allowed. However, depending on the waste’s
characteristics, direct discharge may cause unacceptable
environmental harm. Fro example, large amounts of sewage
discharged into a stream can result in fish kills. Liquid wastes
containing excreta can contain pathogenic organisms. Other liquid
wastes may be toxic. Liquid wastes are often handled at wastewater
treatment plants, followed by discharge to the environment.

29. Types of waste identified by
RA 9003
Gaseous wastes, of course, consists of gases.
They are primarily generated by combustion (e.g.
internal combustion engines, incinerators, coal-
fired electrical generating plants) and industrial
processes. Depending on their characteristics,
gaseous wastes can be odiferous or toxic. Some
are implicated in global warming, ozone depletion,
and smog. Gaseous wastes may be released to the
atmosphere or captured/treated with pollution
control equipment.

30. Types of waste identified by
RA 9003
Hazardous wastes pose a substantial present or
potential danger to human health or the
environment. They can be solid, sludge, liquid, or
gas. Hazardous wastes have at least one of the
following characteristics: corrosivity, ignitability,
reactivity, and toxicity. Hazardous chemical-
physical-biological treatment, and land filling.

31. Types of waste identified by
RA 9003
Radioactive wastes emit particles or electromagnetic
radiation (e.g. alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays,
and x-rays). Radioactive wastes can be high level,
transuranic, or low level. High level radioactive wastes are
from spent or reprocessed nuclear reactor fuel.
Transuranic wastes are from isotopes above uranium in
the periodic table. They are generally low in radio activity,
but have long half-lives. Low-level wastes have little
radioactivity and can often be handled with little or no
shielding. Radiation can damage living cells and cause
cancer. Although recycling and incineration may reduce
waste amounts, the primary method for handling
radioactive wastes is long-term storage.

32. Types of waste identified by
RA 9003
Medical wastes, that is, wastes generated at
medical facilities, can be infectious, toxic, and/or
radioactive. Though they may have hazardous
characteristics, they are not regulated as
hazardous wastes. Some medical wastes are
sterilized, disinfected, or incinerated, especially
infectious wastes. Recycling and land filling are
also used to dispose them.

33. Ways to Prevent Air
Pollution
The fact that human activities contribute the most to air pollution,
considering the harmful effects of air pollution, now it is very essential
that everyone should contribute a bit to prevent air pollution. There
are certain ways that one can help to reduce the emission of air
pollutants in the atmosphere. Following are some tips for preventing
air pollution:
Car Pool: forming and implementing a car pool will reduce the number
of cars, thereby, preventing air pollution by cutting down the use of
fossil fuels. This way, it will help in the sustainable use of fossil fuel
and its conservation for the future generations.

34. Ways to Prevent Air
Pollution
Vehicle Care: Timely servicing of the car helps to keep it in a
good condition and also minimizes fuel exhaust. Driving the car
at an average speed and turning off in traffic is a key to save
fuel. Make sure to use unleaded petrol and opt for regular
pollution checking of your car.
Public Transport: Whenever possible, try to travel by public
transports. This helps in two ways; prevents air pollution and
increases public income. If you are going to a nearby place, go
by walking or use bicycle, instead of using your vehicle. The
objective is to minimize the use of fuels, as far as possible.

35. Ways to Prevent Air
Pollution
Alternative Energy Source: Another effective way to prevent air
pollution is to use alternative energy sources such as solar energy,
hydroelectric energy and wind energy. Nowadays, sophisticated
technologies such as wind turbine, solar water heaters are introduced
to generate electricity and other energy forms for the household use.
Saving Energy: Saving energy will, of course, help to prevent air
pollution. Switch off the lights, fans, air conditioners, televisions, and
other appliances, when not in use. You can also share a room with
others when the air conditioner or fan is on, instead of switching them
on in every room.

36. Ways to Prevent Air
Pollution
Minimize Air Pollutants: Always try to minimize smoke
emission, as it can contribute to air pollution. One way is to
compost dried leaves and kitchen wastes, instead of burning
them. Composting will also give you organic fertilizer for
your garden. While buying the products, always choose air-
friendly and recyclable products that will minimize the
emission of pollutants.

37. Protect Water Sources
Total Water Management:
Encourages planning and management on a
natural water systems basis through a dynamic
process that adopts to changing conditions;
Balances competing uses of water through
efficient allocation that addresses social
values, cost effectiveness, and environmental
benefits and costs;

38. Protect Water Sources
–Requires the participation of all units of government
and stakeholders in decision-making through a process
of coordination and conflict resolution;
–Promotes water conservation, reuse source protection.
And sipply development to enhance water quality and
quantity; and
–Fosters public health, safety, and community goodwill.

39. Clean Air Act
The Clean Air Act is the federal law designed to
make sure that all Americans have air that is safe
to breath. Public Health Protection is the primary
goal, though the law also seeks to protect our
environment from damage caused by air
pollution.

40. Bibliography
Dela Cruz, Sonia G. (2005). National Development via
National Service Training Program. Mandaluyong City: Books
Atbp. Publishing Corp
Del Rosario, Ed. D. (2012). Resurreccion et. al. National
Service Training Program 1. Bulacan: St. Andrew Publishing
House.
Lee, Sergio J. (2007). National Service Training Program: 2
nd

Edition. Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc.
Passe, Carmelita M. et al. The Role of NSTP Student Leaders
on Climate Change : Power Point. November 29, 2012