Module 2 - Prophetic Analysis (Ordinary Diploma in Prophetic and Apostolic Theo-Science)

Prophecy Analysis refers to the practice of examining and interpreting prophetic statements, usually from the Bible, to understand their meaning and potential fulfillment. This module delves into the foundational principles of biblical prophecy, providing students with the knowledge and spiritual discernment needed to analyze prophetic messages accurately. It begins by exploring the role of prophecy in both the Old and New Testaments, highlighting the significance of prophets and the various types of prophecy, including predictive, corrective, and revelatory messages.

A key focus of this module is the interpretation of prophecy, distinguishing between literal and symbolic meanings while considering historical and contextual factors. Students will learn to evaluate the fulfillment of past prophecies, particularly messianic prophecies and eschatological (end-time) predictions, to gain a deeper understanding of God’s divine plan. Additionally, the course examines the characteristics of true and false prophecy, providing biblical tests for authenticity and addressing common misinterpretations that can lead to confusion or deception.

Prophetic symbolism, timelines, and allegories play a crucial role in biblical prophecy, particularly in books such as Daniel and Revelation. This module equips students with the ability to decipher prophetic numbers, visions, and parables, ensuring they interpret these elements with biblical accuracy. Furthermore, it emphasizes the responsible application of prophecy in ministry, teaching students how to use prophecy for guidance, correction, and encouragement while maintaining ethical and theological integrity.

By the end of this module, students will develop critical analytical skills to discern and communicate prophetic messages effectively. They will be prepared to approach prophecy with wisdom, ensuring their interpretations align with biblical truth and contribute to a deeper understanding of God’s revelation.

1. MODULE 2: PROPHETIC ANALYSIS ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC AND APOSTOLIC THEO-SCIENCE March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 1

2. Introduction March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 2

3. What is Prophecy Analysis Prophecy Analysis refers to the practice of examining and interpreting prophetic statements, usually from the Bible , to understand their meaning and potential fulfillment. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 3

4. Types of Prophecy (5 Types) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 4

5. (Cont.’….) 1. Immediate Prophecy: A straightforward prophecy with a single, clear fulfillment. The message is direct and typically fulfilled within a short period. Example : Jonah’s prophecy to Nineveh (Jonah 3:4) – "Yet forty days, and Nineveh shall be overthrown!" March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 5

6. (Cont.’….) 2. Longitudinal Prophecy Longitudinal Prophecy  involves observing and studying the same prophecy over an extended period to track its fulfillment.   Example : Isaiah’s prophecy of the virgin birth (Isaiah 7:14) – Immediate fulfillment in Isaiah’s time and ultimate fulfillment in the birth of Christ (Matthew 1:22–23). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 6

7. (Cont.’….) 3 . Progressive (Step-by-Step) Prophecy A prophecy that comes true in stages over time. Each step reveals more about the prophecy’s full meaning. Example : Daniel saw a vision of four kingdoms (Daniel 2, 7): First: Babylon Second: Persia Third: Greece Fourth: Rome → The prophecy unfolded as history progressed. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 7

8. (Cont.’….) 4. Typological (Foreshadowing) Prophecy A prophecy where a person or event in the past points to a greater person or event in the future. The first event is a "symbol" of the bigger future event. Example : The Passover lamb (Exodus 12) was a symbol of Jesus, the Lamb of God (John 1:29). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 8

9. (Cont.’….) 5. Apocalyptic (Symbolic) Prophecy A prophecy that uses symbols and visions to describe future events, especially about the end of the world. The meaning is not always clear right away and may require interpretation. Example : The Book of Revelation talks about beasts, dragons, and a new heaven and earth (Revelation 13, 21). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 9

10. Importance of Prophecy Analysis (6 Points) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 10

11. (Cont.’….) 1. Accuracy in Delivering God’s Message Prophets must discern whether a revelation is truly from God (Jeremiah 23:16-18). Analyzing past prophecies helps prophets understand patterns of divine communication and avoid falsehood (Deuteronomy 18:21-22). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 11

12. (Cont.’….) 2. Strengthens the Prophet’s Relationship with God Prophets are God’s messengers; Analyzing prophecy deepens their understanding of His will (Amos 3:7 ). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 12

13. (Cont.’….) 3. Helps in Proper Interpretation and Contextualization Not all prophecies are immediate; some unfold over time. Prophets must analyze and interpret them correctly (Daniel 9:2). Misinterpretation can lead to misleading messages and confusion among believers (Ezekiel 13:3-6). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 13

14. (Cont.’….) 4. Confirms the Fulfillment of Previous Prophecies Prophets reviewing historical fulfillments validate God’s faithfulness and power (Joshua 21:45). This strengthens their confidence in proclaiming future revelations (Isaiah 55:11). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 14

15. (Cont.’….) 5. Equips Prophets to Warn and Prepare God’s People Prophets are watchmen, tasked with guiding and warning people about coming events (Ezekiel 33:7). Prophecy analysis helps them provide timely and relevant messages for spiritual preparedness (Joel 2:28-32). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 15

16. (Cont.’….) 6. Strengthens the Prophet’s Spiritual Authority A well-prepared and knowledgeable prophet gains credibility among believers (1 Samuel 3:19-20). Prophets who accurately analyze and deliver prophecy build trust and lead effectively (2 Chronicles 20:20). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 16

17. Types of Prophetical Analysis (6 Types) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 17

18. (Cont.’….) 1. Contextual Analysis Examines the historical, cultural, and situational background of a prophecy. Helps determine whether a prophecy was meant for a specific time, people, or future generations. Example: Jeremiah’s prophecies about Babylonian captivity (Jeremiah 29:10). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 18

19. (Cont.’….) 2. Comparative Analysis Compares different prophetic messages within the Bible to find patterns and similarities. Ensures consistency with other prophecies and biblical teachings. Example: Comparing Daniel’s visions with Revelation’s end-time prophecies (Daniel 7, Revelation 13). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 19

20. (Cont.’….) 3 . Doctrinal Analysis Examines how a prophecy aligns with biblical doctrine and theology. Ensures that prophecies do not contradict established biblical truths. Example: Paul's teachings on the resurrection aligning with Old Testament prophecies (1 Corinthians 15:54-55). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 20

21. (Cont.’….) 4. Symbolic Analysis Focuses on understanding the meaning of symbols, metaphors, and imagery used in prophecy. Crucial for interpreting apocalyptic literature. Example: The beasts in Daniel 7 representing world empires. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 21

22. (Cont.’….) 5. Typological Analysis Studies how Old Testament figures, events, or institutions foreshadow future prophetic fulfillments. Example: Jonah’s three days in the fish as a type of Jesus’ resurrection (Matthew 12:40). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 22

23. (Cont.’….) 6. Fulfillment Analysis Examines whether a prophecy has been fulfilled, is in the process of fulfillment, or remains future. Helps differentiate between past, present, and eschatological prophecies. Example: Messianic prophecies fulfilled in Jesus Christ (Isaiah 53, Micah 5:2). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 23

24. Prophecy Analytical Techniques (6 Techniques) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 24

25. (Cont.’….) 1. Scriptural Cross-Referencing Comparing prophetic passages with related scriptures to gain a clearer understanding. Ensures consistency with biblical themes and fulfillment patterns. Example: Cross-referencing Daniel’s visions with Revelation (Daniel 7:13-14, Revelation 1:7). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 25

26. (Cont.’….) 2. Historical Correlation Analyzing historical events to determine their connection to biblical prophecy. Helps verify past fulfillments and anticipate future ones. Example: The fall of Babylon as prophesied by Isaiah (Isaiah 13:19-22, Daniel 5). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 26

27. (Cont.’….) 3. Thematic Analysis Examining recurring themes in prophecy, such as judgment, restoration, or the Messiah. Example: The theme of the Day of the Lord appearing in multiple prophetic books (Joel 2:1-11, Zechariah 14:1-5, 1 Thessalonians 5:2). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 27

28. (Cont.’….) 4. Linguistic and Etymological Study Analyzing the original Hebrew and Greek words to uncover deeper meanings. Prevents misinterpretation due to translation variations. Example: Studying the word "Messiah" (Hebrew: מָשִׁיחַ Mashiach ) and its fulfillment in Jesus Christ. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 28

29. (Cont.’….) 5. Chronological Analysis Placing prophecies within a timeline to distinguish between immediate, near-future, and end-time events. Example: The seventy weeks prophecy in Daniel 9:24-27, predicting the coming of the Messiah. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 29

30. (Cont.’….) 6. Eschatological Frameworks Using established theological views to interpret end-time prophecies. Includes Pre-Millennialism, Post-Millennialism, and Amillennialism . Example: Different views on the timing of Christ’s second coming (Revelation 20:1-6). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 30

31. Bible Regulatory Aspects in Prophecy Analysis (7 Regulations) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 31

32. (Bible Regulation …) 1 . Alignment Regulation: Any prophetic message must be consistent with God’s revealed word in the Bible. God does not contradict Himself (Numbers 23:19, Malachi 3:6 ). If a prophecy contradicts biblical teachings, it is false . Example : Galatians 1:8-9 warns against false teachings that deviate from the gospel. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 32

33. (Bible Regulation …) 2. Prophecy Diagnosis Regulation: The Bible commands believers to test all prophetic messages (1 John 4:1, 1 Thessalonians 5:20-21). Discernment is essential to identify whether a prophecy is from God or human imagination. Every prophecy must be examined prayerfully and scripturally . Example : The Bereans examined Paul’s teachings against the Scriptures (Acts 17:11). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 33

34. (Bible Regulation …) 3. Prophecy Fulfillment Regulation: A true prophecy given by God will come to pass (Deuteronomy 18:21-22). Prophets whose words fail should not be trusted . Example : Jeremiah 28:15-17 – The false prophet Hananiah's prophecy did not come true, proving he was not sent by God. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 34

35. (Bible Regulation …) 4. Build up Regulation: Prophecy should not create confusion, fear, or division (1 Corinthians 14:33). Prophetic words must build up the body of Christ, not tear it down . Example : Acts 11:27-30 – Agabus ' prophecy prepared the church for a famine, leading to unity in aid efforts. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 35

36. (Bible Regulation …) 5. Non additional Rule: The Bible warns against altering God’s revelation (Revelation 22:18-19, Deuteronomy 4:2). Prophets must not introduce personal opinions as divine truth . Example : False prophets in Jeremiah’s time spoke visions from their own minds, not from God (Jeremiah 23:16). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 36

37. (Bible Regulation …) 6. Peer Judgment Regulation: No prophecy should be accepted without evaluation by spiritual leaders and the church (1 Corinthians 14:29). Prophecies should be confirmed by mature believers and church authorities . Example : Paul instructed the Corinthian church to let two or three prophets speak, while others discerned (1 Corinthians 14:29 ), also 1 Corinthians 14:29-33 . March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 37

38. (Bible Regulation …) 7. Accountability Regulation: Prophets bear responsibility for the impact of their messages (Ezekiel 33:7-9). A prophet who misleads others will be judged by God . Example : In Matthew 12:36, Jesus warns that people will give an account for every idle word spoken. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 38

39. Prophecy Testing and Evaluation March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 39

40. (Prophecy Testing Cont .’….) Definition Prophecy testing and evaluation is the process of analyzing, verifying, and interpreting prophetic messages, visions, and revelations to determine their authenticity, accuracy, and alignment with established spiritual, moral, and doctrinal principles. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 40

41. (Prophecy Testing Cont.’….) Aim of the process This process is important to distinguish between genuine prophecy and false or misleading messages. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 41

42. (Prophecy Testing Cont.’….) Purpose of Prophecy Testing and Evaluation To ensure authenticity – Testing helps determine whether a prophecy genuinely originates from God or spiritual source . To avoid deception – False prophecies can mislead individuals or communities, leading to harmful decisions or spiritual confusion . To provide clarity and direction – Accurate prophecies offer guidance, comfort, and preparation for future events . March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 42

43. (Cont .’….) To align with doctrine and truth – Testing ensures that the prophecy aligns with established Biblical teachings and moral principles . To prevent manipulation – Prophecies can be exploited for personal gain, power, or control; evaluation helps expose such motives. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 43

44. (Prophecy Testing Cont.’….) Methods of Prophecy Diagnosis Consistency Test A true prophecy should align with the teachings of sacred texts (e.g., the Bible, Quran) or moral principles. Any prophecy that contradicts foundational Biblical truths is likely false . Fulfillment Test A prophecy that claims to predict future events must be tested by whether those events actually happen. Failure of fulfillment often indicates a false prophecy (Deuteronomy 18:22 ). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 44

45. (Cont .’….) Outcome Observation Test A true prophecy should produce good spiritual and moral outcomes (Matthew 7:15-20). If the prophecy leads to division, confusion, or immorality, it may not be authentic. Inner Test Many Christian traditions teach that the Holy Spirit (or inner peace) provides confirmation of the truthfulness of a prophecy. A lack of peace or spiritual unease may indicate falsehood. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 45

46. (Cont.’….) Multiple Source Verification A prophecy that is confirmed or supported by other reliable spiritual leaders or prophetic voices carries greater credibility. Independent validation reduces the chance of deception . Nature Test A true prophecy should reflect God’s nature — love, justice, mercy, and truth. Prophecies characterized by fear-mongering, hatred, or condemnation are often suspect. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 46

47. (Cont.’….) Scriptural Examination Comparing the content of the prophecy with religious scriptures or established truths. Any contradiction with foundational teachings is a red flag . Consultation with Spiritual Leaders Seeking counsel from mature and experienced spiritual leaders or prophets. Weighing the prophecy against collective wisdom. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 47

48. Common Pitfalls in Prophecy Testing (4 Points) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 48

49. (Cont.’….) 1. Emotional Influence People may accept a prophecy because it aligns with their desires or fears rather than objective truth Consequences : Emotional influence can cause individuals to follow false prophecies and make poor decisions. When the prophecy fails, it can lead to disappointment, disillusionment, and loss of faith. Emotional-driven decisions may create confusion and division within a community. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 49

50. (Cont.’….) 2. Lack of Patience Testing requires time and careful observation; rushing to judgment can lead to error. Consequences : Rejecting a true prophecy too soon can prevent people from receiving guidance or blessings. Premature acceptance of a false prophecy can lead to misguided actions and broken trust. Rushing to judgment can cause confusion and weaken faith in spiritual discernment. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 50

51. (Cont.’….) 3. Groupthink and Peer Pressure Accepting a prophecy because of social pressure rather than spiritual confirmation. Consequences: False Prophecies can take root. False prophecies can lead to misguided decisions and spiritual confusion. Leaders who realize they can control a group through prophecy may begin using it for personal gain or control. This can lead to financial exploitation, emotional abuse, and spiritual harm. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 51

52. (Cont.’….) Individuals who rely on the group to validate prophecies lose their ability to hear from God or discern truth on their own. Spiritual immaturity develops when discernment is outsourced to others . When a widely accepted prophecy fails, the disillusionment can cause people to lose faith in God, the church, or the prophetic ministry. Feelings of betrayal and confusion often follow. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 52

53. (Cont.’….) 4. Misinterpretation Prophecies may be symbolic or conditional, requiring careful interpretation. Consequences of Misinterpretation: False Expectations and Disappointment – Leads to disillusionment when prophecy doesn’t happen as expected. Spiritual Manipulation and Control – False prophets may exploit misinterpretation for personal gain. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 53

54. (Cont.’….) Fear and Panic – Misunderstood warnings can cause unnecessary anxiety and irrational decisions . Missed Blessings and Guidance – Focusing on the wrong interpretation can cause people to overlook the real message . Doctrinal Error and Division – Misinterpreted prophecies can create false teachings and split churches . March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 54

55. Prophets Red flag Issues (5 RFIs) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 55

56. Prophets Red flag Issues 1. Character Based RFI Seeking personal gain, power, or control. Immoral or sinful lifestyle inconsistent with spiritual leadership. False humility or exaggerated spiritual claims. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 56

57. (Cont.’….) 2. Witness Based RFI No support or agreement from other mature spiritual leaders. Prophecy remains isolated and unsupported. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 57

58. (Cont.’….) 3. Message Based RFI Messages that provoke fear, despair, or hatred. Overly vague or emotionally charged language. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 58

59. (Cont.’….) 4. Motive Based RFI Seeking money, fame, or influence. Attempts to manipulate or control through fear or flattery. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 59

60. (Cont.’….) 5. Accountable RFI Rejecting correction or questioning. Isolating themselves from spiritual authority. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 60

61. Reactions towards God’s Call (5 Basic Reactions) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 61

62. (Cont.’….) 1. Non Hesitation: Responding with immediate action, even if the full outcome is not yet clear. Example : Abraham – When God instructed Abraham to sacrifice Isaac, he responded with unwavering faith and obedience (Genesis 22:1–18 ). Noah – Despite never having seen rain, Noah obeyed God's command to build an ark (Genesis 6:13–22). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 62

63. (Cont.’….) 2. Praise and thanksgiving: Offering praise and thanksgiving for God’s guidance and faithfulness. Example : David – David frequently responded to God’s revelations with psalms of worship and thanksgiving . March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 63

64. (Cont.’….) 3. Confirmation Search: Seeking confirmation through prayer and spiritual discernment. Example : Samuel – When God called Samuel, he sought guidance from Eli to understand the message correctly (1 Samuel 3:1–10). Gideon – Gideon respectfully asked God for signs to confirm the prophecy before acting (Judges 6:36–40 ). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 64

65. (Cont.’….) 4. Immediate Action: Demonstrating trust in God by moving forward even without knowing all the details. Example : Philip – When the Holy Spirit told Philip to approach the Ethiopian’s chariot, he immediately obeyed and shared the gospel (Acts 8:26–30). Ananias – Despite knowing Saul’s dangerous reputation, Ananias immediately went to pray for him when God commanded him to (Acts 9:10–19). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 65

66. (Cont.’….) 5. Total Submission: Accepting God's prophecy with a humble heart and a willingness to serve. Submitting to God's will without complaint or resistance. Example : Mary – "Be it unto me according to your word" (Luke 1:38). Isaiah – "Here I am, send me" (Isaiah 6:8). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 66

67. Prophecy Statement March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 67

68. (Cont.’….) Definition of prophecy statement A prophecy statement is a divinely inspired message communicated by a prophet, conveying God’s will, purpose, or revelation about the present or future. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 68

69. (Cont.’….) Statement Types: Prophecy statement can be; Warning Statement Promise(s) Statement Instructions Statement Declarations of judgment Blessing Statement March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 69

70. (Cont.’….) Key Features of a Prophecy Statement: Divine Source – The message is presented as coming from God . Revelation – It reveals something hidden or unknown about God’s plan or purpose . Prediction – It may include foretelling of future events . March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 70

71. (Cont.’….) Conditional or Unconditional – Some prophecies are dependent on human response (conditional), while others are guaranteed to happen (unconditional). Moral or Spiritual Purpose – The goal is often to lead people towards repentance, faithfulness, or hope. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 71

72. Basic Parts of a Prophecy Statement (5 Parts) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 72

73. (Cont.’….) 1. Source: Establishes the authority of the prophecy as coming from God. Common phrases: "Thus says the Lord…" (Isaiah 43:1) "The word of the Lord came to me…" (Jeremiah 1:4) "God says…" (Amos 1:3) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 73

74. (Cont.’….) 2. Basic Message The core content of the prophecy — what God wants to communicate. It may include: Judgment – Consequences for sin and disobedience ( e.g. Ezekiel 5:8). Promise – Assurance of blessing, restoration, or salvation (e.g. Jeremiah 29:11 ) Warning – Call to repent or change behavior (e.g. Acts 3:19) Instruction – Guidance on how to live or act (Micah 6:8) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 74

75. (Cont.’….) 3. Condition Some prophecies are conditional, meaning fulfillment depends on human response. Example : "If you obey… you will be blessed." (Deuteronomy 28:1–2) "If you repent… I will relent from disaster." (Jeremiah 18:8) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 75

76. (Cont.’….) 4. Prediction or Outcome The expected result of the prophecy — what will happen if the message is followed or ignored. Example : "Behold, I am raising up the Chaldeans..." (Habakkuk 1:6) – Foretelling judgment. "I will make a new covenant..." (Jeremiah 31:31) – Promise of future hope. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 76

77. (Cont.’….) 5. Sign or Confirmation: A miraculous event or symbol to confirm the truth of the prophecy. Example : Isaiah’s prophecy of a virgin birth (Isaiah 7:14). Hezekiah’s sign of the sun’s shadow going backward (2 Kings 20:8–11). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 77

78. Analysis of Prophetic literature ( structure, themes, purpose, challenges, and interpretation) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 78

79. (Cont.’….) Meaning Prophetic literature refers to the parts of the Bible that contain messages from God delivered through prophets . Key Features of Prophetic Literature : Direct Speech from God – Prophets often say, "Thus says the Lord .“ Symbolism and Visions – Prophets use dreams, signs, and symbols to describe God’s message. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 79

80. (Cont.’….) Conditional Prophecies – Some prophecies depend on how people respond (e.g., Jonah’s prophecy to Nineveh ). Messianic Prophecies – Predictions about the coming of the Messiah (Jesus ). Apocalyptic Language – Prophecies about the end times use dramatic and symbolic language. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 80

81. Classification of Prophetic Books: a) Major Prophets: (Longer books) Isaiah Jeremiah Lamentations (written by Jeremiah) Ezekiel Daniel March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 81

82. (Cont.’….) b) Minor Prophets: (Shorter books) Hosea Joel Amos Obadiah Jonah Micah Nahum Habakkuk Zephaniah Haggai Zechariah Malachi March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 82

83. Prophecy Periods March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 83

84. (Cont.’….) Most prophets lived and ministered during periods of political, religious , and social crisis . ( a) Political Background Many prophets were active during the decline and fall of the kingdoms of Israel and Judah. External threats from major empires like Assyria, Babylon, and Persia shaped the urgency and content of the prophets’ messages. Internal political corruption, social injustice, and idolatry prompted God to raise prophets as reformers and warners . March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 84

85. (Cont.’….) Example: Isaiah prophesied during the Assyrian threat to Judah (8th century BCE). Jeremiah ministered during the final days of Judah before the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 85

86. (Cont.’….) (b) Religious Context The people of Israel and Judah often fell into idolatry , adopting pagan practices from neighboring nations. Prophets called for a return to the covenant with Yahweh, emphasizing the exclusive worship of the one true God. The temple in Jerusalem was the center of worship, but the prophets often condemned empty rituals and demanded true righteousness . March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 86

87. (Cont.’….) Example : Amos criticized Israel for oppressing the poor while maintaining religious rituals (Amos 5:21–24). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 87

88. (Cont.’….) (c) Social and Economic Context Prophets often spoke out against social injustice — exploitation of the poor, corruption among leaders, and dishonest trade. Economic inequality and oppression were seen as moral failures that violated God’s covenant. Example : Micah condemned the leaders of Israel for "hating good and loving evil" (Micah 3:1–3). Amos denounced those who "sell the poor for a pair of sandals" (Amos 2:6). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 88

89. Themes and Purpose March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 89

90. (Cont.’….) Prophetic literature is not just about predicting the future — it serves a broad spiritual and moral purpose (a) Call to Repentance Prophets repeatedly called people to repent (turn away) from sin and return to God. Sin included idolatry, moral corruption, social injustice, and religious hypocrisy. Repentance involved not just religious rituals but a change of heart and action. Example: Joel called the people to "rend your hearts and not your garments" (Joel 2:13). Ezekiel urged Israel to "turn back and live" (Ezekiel 18:32). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 90

91. (Cont.’….) (b) Judgment and Consequences If the people refused to repent, the prophets warned that God’s judgment would come through military defeat, exile, famine, or natural disasters. Judgment was seen as both punishment for sin and a means of purification. Example : Jeremiah warned that Babylon would destroy Jerusalem as punishment for Judah’s sins (Jeremiah 25:9–11). Amos predicted that Israel would be taken into exile because of its corruption (Amos 5:27). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 91

92. (Cont.’….) (c) Hope and Restoration Even after judgment, the prophets offered hope of restoration . God’s mercy would lead to a future renewal of Israel and the re-establishment of a righteous kingdom. The promise of a Messiah (anointed king) and a renewed covenant were key elements of prophetic hope. Example : Isaiah prophesied about a child called "Immanuel" (God with us) who would bring peace (Isaiah 7:14). Ezekiel’s vision of the valley of dry bones symbolized the rebirth of Israel (Ezekiel 37). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 92

93. (Cont.’….) (d) Eschatology (End Times) Some prophecies go beyond historical restoration and speak about the final establishment of God’s kingdom. This includes the defeat of evil, the renewal of creation, and the reign of a righteous king. Example : Daniel’s vision of the "Son of Man" receiving an everlasting kingdom (Daniel 7:13–14). Isaiah’s prophecy of a world where "the wolf shall dwell with the lamb" (Isaiah 11:6). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 93

94. Prophetic Methods and Styles in Literatures March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 94

95. (Cont.’….) Prophets used a variety of literary and rhetorical styles to communicate their messages: (a) Poetry and Parallelism Many prophetic books are written in poetic form with rhythmic patterns and repetition to emphasize the message. Parallelism (repeating or contrasting ideas) is a key feature. Example : "For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment." (Amos 1:3) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 95

96. (Cont.’….) (b) Symbolism and Allegory Prophets used powerful symbols to illustrate their messages. Symbols made abstract spiritual truths more concrete and memorable. Example : Ezekiel’s vision of the "wheel within a wheel" symbolized God’s omnipresence (Ezekiel 1). Jeremiah’s broken pot represented the destruction of Jerusalem (Jeremiah 19). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 96

97. (Cont.’….) (c) Prophetic Actions Some prophets acted out their messages as living parables. These dramatic acts made the message more striking and difficult to ignore. Example : Isaiah walked naked for three years to symbolize Egypt’s humiliation (Isaiah 20). Hosea married a prostitute to represent Israel’s unfaithfulness (Hosea 1–3). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 97

98. Challenges March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 98

99. (Cont.’….) Prophetic literature presents several interpretive and theological challenges: ( a) Historical Fulfillment Issues Some prophecies seem unfulfilled or partially fulfilled. Prophecies about the Messiah are interpreted differently by Jews and Christians. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 99

100. (Cont.’….) b) Ethical Tension Ethical tension in prophetic ministry arises when prophets face moral dilemmas or conflicts in their mission to communicate God’s message. These tensions often stem from the following causes: 1. Conflict Between Divine Truth and Human Expectations Prophets are called to speak God’s truth, which may be unpopular or go against societal norms. This can create tension as people may reject, resist, or even persecute the prophet. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 100

101. (Cont.’….) 2. Opposition from Religious and Political Authorities Prophets often challenge corrupt leaders, institutions, or unjust systems. This opposition can lead to threats, imprisonment, or attempts to silence them, forcing prophets to choose between obedience to God and self-preservation. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 101

102. (Cont.’….) 3. Personal Weakness and Moral Struggles Prophets, being human, may struggle with fear, doubt, and personal sin. The burden of their calling can cause emotional and spiritual turmoil, making it hard to remain steadfast. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 102

103. (Cont.’….) 4. Manipulation and False Prophecy Some prophets may feel pressured to alter their message to gain favor, wealth, or power. This ethical compromise can lead to misleading the people rather than faithfully delivering God’s word. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 103

104. (Cont.’….) 5. Cultural and Social Pressures Societal values may conflict with divine commandments. Prophets face the challenge of speaking against popular but ungodly practices, leading to alienation or rejection. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 104

105. (Cont.’….) 6. Economic and Material Temptations The temptation to use prophetic influence for personal gain can lead to ethical dilemmas, where prophets may exploit their role for money, status, or comfort. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 105

106. (Cont.’….) 7. Spiritual Warfare and Opposition Prophets often face spiritual battles as forces of darkness resist God’s truth. This opposition can manifest as discouragement, temptation, or direct attacks. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 106

107. (Cont.’….) (c) Apocalyptic Complexity Apocalyptic language (visions, beasts, dragons) makes interpretation difficult. Revelation and Daniel are filled with mysterious symbols. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 107

108. Languages of Prophetic Literature March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 108

109. (Cont.’….) 1. Figurative Language Figurative language is used to express spiritual truths through creative comparisons and indirect expressions. It makes the message more vivid and impactful. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 109

110. (Cont.’….) (a) Metaphor – A direct comparison between two things without using "like" or "as." The prophet uses metaphors to describe God, Israel, or future events. 👉 "The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want." (Psalm 23:1) 👉 "But you are less than nothing and your works are utterly worthless." (Isaiah 41:24) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 110

111. (Cont.’….) (b) Simile – A comparison using "like" or "as." Similes are used to help people visualize spiritual truths. 👉 "Though your sins are like scarlet, they shall be as white as snow." (Isaiah 1:18) 👉 "The nations roar like the roaring of many waters." (Isaiah 17:12) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 111

112. (Cont.’….) (c) Hyperbole – Exaggeration for effect, not meant to be taken literally. Hyperboles intensify the emotional impact of the message. 👉 "Your cities will lie in ruins without inhabitant." (Leviticus 26:31) 👉 "The mountains will melt under Him, and the valleys will split open." (Micah 1:4) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 112

113. (Cont.’….) (d) Personification – Giving human qualities to non-human objects or concepts. Personification makes abstract ideas more relatable. 👉 "Let the rivers clap their hands; let the mountains sing together for joy." (Psalm 98:8) 👉 "The heavens declare the glory of God." (Psalm 19:1) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 113

114. (Cont.’….) (e) Irony – Saying the opposite of what is meant to highlight disobedience or foolishness. Irony exposes hypocrisy and spiritual blindness. 👉 "Surely you are a God who hides Himself." (Isaiah 45:15) 👉 "Go on, call upon your idols to save you!" (Isaiah 57:13) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 114

115. (Cont.’….) 2. Symbolic Language Prophets frequently used symbols to represent spiritual truths or future events. ( a) Numbers – Numbers often have symbolic meaning. 7 = Completion or perfection 40 = A period of testing or judgment 12 = God's people (12 tribes of Israel) 👉 "Seventy weeks are decreed for your people." (Daniel 9:24) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 115

116. (Cont.’….) (b) Colors – Colors symbolize spiritual states or outcomes. White = Purity, holiness Red = Sin, bloodshed Black = Judgment, famine 👉 "Though your sins are as scarlet, they will be white as snow." (Isaiah 1:18) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 116

117. (Cont.’….) (c) Objects and Creatures – Physical objects and animals represent spiritual truths. Lamb = Innocence, sacrifice Serpent = Evil, deception Tree = Life or judgment 👉 "Behold, the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world." (John 1:29) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 117

118. (Cont.’….) (d) Acts and Events – Prophets often performed symbolic acts to communicate a message. Hosea’s marriage to Gomer symbolized Israel’s unfaithfulness. Ezekiel laying on his side symbolized the years of Israel’s judgment. 👉 "Go and marry a prostitute, for the land is guilty of unfaithfulness." (Hosea 1:2) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 118

119. (Cont.’….) 3. Poetic Language Prophetic literature often uses the structure and rhythm of Hebrew poetry to emphasize key ideas and create emotional impact. ( a) Parallelism – Repeating or contrasting similar ideas. Synonymous Parallelism – The second line repeats the first with slight variation. Antithetic Parallelism – The second line contrasts with the first. Synthetic Parallelism – The second line builds upon the first. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 119

120. (Cont.’….) 👉 "The heavens declare the glory of God; the skies proclaim the work of His hands." (Psalm 19:1) – Synonymous Parallelism 👉 "For the Lord watches over the way of the righteous, but the way of the wicked leads to destruction." (Psalm 1:6) – Antithetic Parallelism March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 120

121. (Cont.’….) (b) Chiasm – A literary structure where ideas are presented in a mirror-like pattern (A-B-B-A). This structure helps highlight the central message. 👉 "But many who are first will be last, and the last will be first." (Matthew 19:30) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 121

122. (Cont.’….) (c) Imagery Use of descriptive language that creates vivid mental pictures, appealing to the senses of sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell. Prophets often used imagery to make spiritual truths more concrete and emotionally impactful. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 122

123. (Cont.’….) 4. Direct (Prose) Language Direct language in prophetic literature involves straightforward communication without the use of symbols, poetry, or figures of speech. This type of language is often used when prophets deliver clear commands, warnings, or promises from God. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 123

124. (Cont.’….) (a) Command and Instruction – Clear directives from God to the prophet or the people. These instructions are usually moral, religious, or social. Prophets act as God's messengers, conveying His will directly. 👉 "You shall have no other gods before me." (Exodus 20:3) 👉 "Return to me, and I will return to you," says the Lord Almighty. (Malachi 3:7) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 124

125. (Cont.’….) (b) Judgment Pronouncement – Direct declarations of God's judgment upon nations or individuals. The tone is often serious and confrontational. These statements warn of punishment if there is no repentance. 👉 "Because of your sins, you will be taken into exile." (Jeremiah 15:13–14) 👉 "The day of the Lord is near for all nations. As you have done, it will be done to you." (Obadiah 1:15) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 125

126. (Cont.’….) (c) Promise and Covenant – Direct assurances from God about future blessings or restoration. These promises reflect God's faithfulness to His covenant. They offer hope and comfort to God's people. 👉 "I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel." (Jeremiah 31:31) 👉 "I will restore the fortunes of my people Israel." (Amos 9:14) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 126

127. (Cont.’….) (d) Prophetic Call – When God calls a prophet directly, often in plain language. The calling is usually accompanied by a clear mission or task. Prophets often respond with hesitation or questions. 👉 "Before I formed you in the womb, I knew you. Before you were born, I set you apart; I appointed you as a prophet to the nations." (Jeremiah 1:5) 👉 "Whom shall I send, and who will go for us?" And I said, "Here am I. Send me!" (Isaiah 6:8) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 127

128. (Cont.’….) (e) Historical Narrative – Direct descriptions of events involving prophets or their messages. These narratives provide background and context for prophetic messages. They explain how the prophetic word unfolded in history. 👉 "In the year that King Uzziah died, I saw the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up." (Isaiah 6:1) 👉 "The word of the Lord came to Jonah son of Amittai : 'Go to the great city of Nineveh.'" (Jonah 1:1–2) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 128

129. (Cont.’….) (f) Legal and Covenant Terms – Direct references to the terms of the covenant between God and Israel. Prophets remind the people of the covenant’s blessings and consequences. This language reflects the formal structure of ancient legal agreements. 👉 "If you obey my commands, I will bless you; if you disobey, I will curse you." (Deuteronomy 28:1–2) 👉 "They broke my covenant, though I was a husband to them." (Jeremiah 31:32) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 129

130. (Cont.’….) 5. Apocalyptic Language Apocalyptic language is a highly symbolic and visionary form of prophetic speech that reveals hidden truths about the future, particularly concerning the end times, God's final judgment, and the establishment of His kingdom. It often includes dramatic imagery, mysterious figures, and cosmic events. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 130

131. (Cont.’….) (a) Visions and Dreams – Prophets describe symbolic visions that reveal God's future plans. These visions often require interpretation. Apocalyptic visions are typically otherworldly and mysterious. 👉 "I saw four great beasts come up out of the sea." (Daniel 7:3) 👉 "Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth." (Revelation 21:1) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 131

132. (Cont.’….) (b) Heavenly Beings – Angels, archangels, and other celestial figures often appear in apocalyptic language. They serve as messengers, warriors, or judges. Their presence highlights the supernatural nature of the message. 👉 "I saw an angel coming down from heaven, holding the key to the Abyss." (Revelation 20:1) 👉 "Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me." (Daniel 10:13) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 132

133. (Cont.’….) (c) Cosmic Signs – Apocalyptic language often includes dramatic events in nature and the cosmos. These signs symbolize God’s intervention in human history. They serve as warnings or confirmations of divine action. 👉 "The sun will be turned to darkness and the moon to blood before the coming of the great and dreadful day of the Lord." (Joel 2:31) 👉 "The heavens receded like a scroll being rolled up." (Revelation 6:14) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 133

134. (Cont.’….) (d) Final Judgment and Salvation – Apocalyptic messages often focus on the ultimate defeat of evil and the triumph of God’s kingdom. God’s justice is fully revealed at the end of time. The righteous are rewarded, and the wicked are punished. 👉 "The dead were judged according to what they had done." (Revelation 20:12) 👉 "Multitudes who sleep in the dust of the earth will awake: some to everlasting life, others to shame and everlasting contempt." (Daniel 12:2) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 134

135. (Cont.’….) (e) Messianic Prophecy – Apocalyptic texts often speak of a coming ruler or Messiah who will establish peace and justice. The Messiah is described as a divine figure with authority over all nations. 👉 "The government will be on His shoulders." (Isaiah 9:6) 👉 "One like a son of man came with the clouds of heaven." (Daniel 7:13) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 135

136. (Cont.’….) 6. Legal (Covenantal) Language Legal language reflects the covenant relationship between God and Israel. Prophets often speak using the language of ancient legal contracts and courtroom proceedings. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 136

137. (Cont.’….) (a) Accusation (Indictment) – The prophets present charges against Israel for breaking the covenant. God is portrayed as a judge or plaintiff. The accusations focus on idolatry, injustice, and unfaithfulness. 👉 "Hear the word of the Lord, you Israelites, because the Lord has a charge to bring against you." (Hosea 4:1) 👉 "What more could have been done for my vineyard than I have done for it?" (Isaiah 5:4) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 137

138. (Cont.’….) (b) Judgment (Verdict and Punishment) – After presenting the charges, the prophets declare the consequences of Israel's sin. The punishment often includes military defeat, exile, famine, and disaster. Judgment is portrayed as just and unavoidable. 👉 "I will send fire on Judah that will consume the fortresses of Jerusalem." (Amos 2:5) 👉 "Because you have rejected knowledge, I also reject you as my priests." (Hosea 4:6) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 138

139. (Cont.’….) (c) Restoration (Pardon and Mercy) – After judgment, God offers restoration if the people repent. Restoration includes forgiveness, peace, and renewed covenant blessings. 👉 "I will restore David's fallen tent." (Amos 9:11) 👉 "I will give them an undivided heart and put a new spirit in them." (Ezekiel 11:19) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 139

140. (Cont.’….) (d) Covenant Renewal – The prophets call the people to renew their commitment to God's covenant. God promises to restore His relationship with Israel. The new covenant often includes spiritual transformation. 👉 "I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel." (Jeremiah 31:31) 👉 "I will remove from them their heart of stone and give them a heart of flesh." (Ezekiel 11:19) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 140

141. (Cont.’….) 7. Wisdom Language Wisdom language reflects the principles of righteous living and moral order found in biblical wisdom literature (like Proverbs and Ecclesiastes). Prophets sometimes incorporate this style to teach moral and spiritual truths. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 141

142. (Cont.’….) (a) Proverbs and Sayings – Prophets use short, memorable statements to teach wisdom. These sayings often contrast righteousness and wickedness. 👉 "The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom." (Proverbs 9:10) 👉 "Woe to those who call evil good and good evil." (Isaiah 5:20) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 142

143. (Cont.’….) (b) Consequences of Behavior – Wisdom language emphasizes the outcomes of righteous and sinful living. Righteousness leads to blessing; sin leads to disaster. 👉 "Whoever sows injustice will reap calamity." (Proverbs 22:8) 👉 "Righteousness exalts a nation, but sin condemns any people." (Proverbs 14:34) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 143

144. (Cont.’….) (c) Fear of the Lord – Wisdom language highlights the importance of reverence for God. Fear of the Lord is presented as the foundation of wise living. 👉 "The fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge." (Proverbs 1:7) 👉 "Blessed are all who fear the Lord." (Psalm 128:1) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 144

145. (Cont.’….) (d) Retribution and Justice – Wisdom language reflects the idea of divine justice. Good and evil deeds are rewarded or punished accordingly. 👉 "A man reaps what he sows." (Galatians 6:7) 👉 "The wicked will not stand in the judgment." (Psalm 1:5) March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 145

146. Types of Prophetic Literature Interpretation Methods March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 146

147. (Cont.’….) 1. Literal Interpretation The literal method seeks to understand the prophetic message exactly as it is written, without searching for hidden or symbolic meanings. It assumes that the prophet’s words are meant to be taken at face value unless the context clearly indicates otherwise . March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 147

148. (Cont.’….) (a ) Historical Context – The prophecy is interpreted in light of the historical situation in which it was delivered. Focuses on the political, social, and religious circumstances of the time. 👉 "For unto us a child is born" (Isaiah 9:6) is understood as a direct reference to the birth of a ruler. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 148

149. (Cont.’….) (b) Plain Language – The prophecy is taken to mean exactly what it says. No deeper symbolic or spiritual meaning is assumed. 👉 "Jerusalem will be destroyed" (Jeremiah 19:7) is taken as a literal prediction of the fall of Jerusalem. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 149

150. (Cont.’….) (c) Immediate Context – The meaning is tied directly to the prophet’s audience. The prophecy is understood to apply primarily to the prophet’s generation. 👉 "Babylon will fall" (Isaiah 13:19) refers to the historical defeat of Babylon. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 150

151. (Cont.’….) 2. Allegorical Interpretation The allegorical method views prophetic messages as symbolic representations of deeper spiritual truths. In this method, the text is not taken literally but as a metaphor or symbol of a hidden meaning. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 151

152. (Cont.’….) (a) Moral Allegory – The prophecy teaches a spiritual or moral lesson. The events described symbolize a deeper ethical or moral principle. 👉 "The valley of dry bones" (Ezekiel 37:1–14) symbolizes spiritual revival and restoration. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 152

153. (Cont.’….) (b) Christological Allegory – The prophecy is seen as a hidden reference to Christ and His work. Prophets are viewed as foreshadowing the coming of the Messiah. 👉 "The suffering servant" (Isaiah 53) is interpreted as a prophecy about Jesus' crucifixion. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 153

154. (Cont.’….) (c) Spiritual Allegory – The prophecy symbolizes spiritual truths rather than literal events. The events described represent deeper theological concepts. 👉 "The New Jerusalem" (Revelation 21) symbolizes the final state of God's people. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 154

155. (Cont.’….) (d) Mystical Allegory – The prophecy reveals hidden or secret spiritual truths. The text is seen as a coded message with hidden meanings. 👉 "The seven seals" (Revelation 6) are interpreted as symbols of stages in God’s redemptive plan. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 155

156. (Cont.’….) 3. Typological Interpretation The typological method views events, persons, and institutions in the Old Testament as "types" (or foreshadows) of future realities fulfilled in Christ and the New Testament. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 156

157. (Cont.’….) (a) Person as Type – Certain Old Testament figures represent Christ or other New Testament figures. Their actions or roles reflect aspects of Christ’s mission. 👉 "Melchizedek" (Genesis 14) is viewed as a type of Christ (Hebrews 7). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 157

158. (Cont.’….) (b) Event as Type – Historical events represent future spiritual realities. The event serves as a pattern for God's future work. 👉 "The Exodus" symbolizes salvation through Christ. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 158

159. (Cont.’….) (c) Object as Type – Physical objects or symbols represent spiritual truths. These objects point to deeper theological realities. 👉 "The bronze serpent" (Numbers 21:8) represents Jesus' crucifixion (John 3:14). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 159

160. (Cont.’….) (d) Institution as Type – Religious practices or systems point toward Christ's redemptive work. The sacrificial system foreshadows Jesus' sacrifice. 👉 "The Passover lamb" is a type of Christ's death (1 Corinthians 5:7). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 160

161. (Cont.’….) 4. Historical Interpretation The historical method interprets prophecy primarily as a message about real historical events that occurred or will occur within human history. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 161

162. (Cont.’….) (a) Near-Term Fulfillment – The prophecy refers to events that occurred shortly after it was delivered. Prophets often addressed immediate historical crises. 👉 "The fall of Babylon" (Isaiah 13) refers to the historical defeat of Babylon by Persia. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 162

163. (Cont.’….) (b) Dual Fulfillment – The prophecy has both an immediate and future fulfillment. The first fulfillment is a shadow of a greater future event. 👉 "Immanuel" (Isaiah 7:14) refers to both a child in Isaiah's time and the birth of Christ. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 163

164. (Cont.’….) (c) Political and Social Implications – The prophecy reflects the political and social context of the prophet's time. Prophets often addressed social injustice, idolatry, and oppression. 👉 "Woe to those who make unjust laws" (Isaiah 10:1) addresses social injustice in Israel. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 164

165. (Cont.’….) (d) National Restoration – Prophecies of restoration apply to Israel’s historical return from exile. The focus is on God's faithfulness to His covenant. 👉 "I will bring them back to the land I gave their ancestors" (Jeremiah 16:15). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 165

166. (Cont.’….) 5. Eschatological Interpretation The eschatological method views prophecies as predictions of end-time events and the final establishment of God's kingdom. ( a) Future Judgment – Prophecies predict God’s final judgment on sin and evil. The focus is on the Day of the Lord. 👉 "The Lord will come down with fire" (Isaiah 66:15) refers to the final judgment. March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 166

167. (Cont.’….) (b) Messianic Kingdom – Prophecies predict the coming of a Messiah and the establishment of God’s eternal kingdom. The focus is on Christ’s future reign. 👉 "Of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end" (Isaiah 9:7). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 167

168. (Cont.’….) (c) New Creation – Prophecies predict the creation of a new heaven and earth. The focus is on eternal peace and restoration. 👉 "Behold, I will create new heavens and a new earth" (Isaiah 65:17). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 168

169. (Cont.’….) (d) Final Restoration of Israel – Prophecies predict the ultimate restoration of God’s people. The focus is on the fulfillment of God’s promises to Israel. 👉 "I will bring them back from the nations" (Ezekiel 36:24). March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 169

170. THANK YOU March 12, 2025 ORDINARY DILOMA IN PROPHETIC THEO-SCIENCE 170