MODULES IN EAPP summarizing academic text.pptx

EAPP PPT

1. English for Academic and Professional Purposes (EAPP) Module 3: Various Techniques in Summarizing a Variety of Academic Texts

2. Module 3: Various Techniques in Summarizing a Variety of Academic Texts Objectives: At the end of this module, the students should be able to : 1 . define summarizing; 2 . give the importance of summarizing ; 3 . identify the various techniques in summarizing; and 4 . summarize various academic texts.

3. Module 3: Various Techniques in Summarizing a Variety of Academic Texts What is Summarizing?

4. Module 3: Various Techniques in Summarizing a Variety of Academic Texts According to Buckley (2004), in her popular writing text Fit to Print, SUMMARIZING is reducing text to one-third or one-quarter its original size, clearly articulating the author’s meaning, and retaining main ideas . According to Diane Hacker (2008), in A Canadian Writer’s Reference, explains that SUMMARIZING involves stating a work’s thesis and main ideas “simply, briefly, and accurately”.

5. Module 3: Various Techniques in Summarizing a Variety of Academic Texts From dictionaries, SUMMARIZING is defined as taking a lot of information and creating a condensed version that covers the main points; and to express the most important facts or ideas about something or someone in a short and clear form.

6. Module 3: Various Techniques in Summarizing a Variety of Academic Texts Summarizing a text or distilling its essential concepts into a paragraph or two, is a useful study tool as well as good writing practice. A SUMMARY HAS TWO AIMS: ( 1) to reproduce the overarching ideas in a text , identifying the general concepts that run through the entire piece, and ( 2) to express these overarching ideas using precise, specific language.

7. Various Techniques in Summarizing a Variety of Academic Texts 1. Read the work first to understand the author’s intent. This is a crucial step because an incomplete reading could lead to an inaccurate summary . Note : An inaccurate summary is plagiarism!

8. Various Techniques in Summarizing a Variety of Academic Texts 2. One of the summarization techniques you can do is to present information through facts, skills , and concept in visual formats. You can provide the cause and effects charts, timelines , and Venn diagrams, templates for outlines, use flow charts or info graphics

9. Various Techniques in Summarizing a Variety of Academic Texts 3. To avoid difficulty, you need first to know the main points and the supporting details. You can exclude any illustrations, examples, or explanations . 4. You need to analyze the text to save time in thinking what you will do.

10. Various Techniques in Summarizing a Variety of Academic Texts 5. Think what information you will put in your summary. Be sure to cover the main points and arguments of the document. 6 . One of the best things to do in auto summarizing is restating the words into different one. You should avoid using the original words of the author instead; use your own vocabulary but be sure to retain the information .

11. Various Techniques in Summarizing a Variety of Academic Texts 7. You will fully understand what the document is when you organize all ideas. 8. One of the things you can do is to write down all information in a coherent and precise form. Keep in mind that a summary is a condensed version of the original paper, so avoid making it long.

12. Various Techniques in Summarizing a Variety of Academic Texts 9. You can also decide to represent information through using dimensional constructions in representing concepts, skills or facts. 10. Paraphrasing is one of the skills you can do in writing a summary. With it, do not use the same words with the author.

13. Various Techniques in Summarizing a Variety of Academic Texts With the tips above, you will no longer worry whenever you need to summarize because it is your one stop solution to having a fantastic summary that offer nice details to readers . Follow the tips and you will not make mistakes. Here’s how you start writing your summary. Read the example below.

14. The Sydney Opera House The Sydney Opera House is one of the most famous architectural wonders of the modern world. Instantly recognisable both for its roof shells and its impressive location in Sydney harbour , it has become one of the best-known images of Australia. Situated close to Sydney Harbour Bridge, this large performing arts centre was started in 1959 and completed in 1973. After a competition to choose the design, the Danish architect Jorn Utzon was chosen. The Opera House includes five theatres, five rehearsal studios, two main halls, four restaurants, six bars, and several shops. The construction of the Opera House was controversial as the final cost of the building was much higher than predicted.

15. The Sydney Opera House It was expected to cost $7 million, but in fact, the final cost was $102 million. This was due to difficult weather conditions, problems with structural design, and changes to contract. The remarkable roof shells were also difficult to construct. Furthermore, the construction too longer than planned. Completion of the building was initially expected in four years, in 1963. Unfortunately, because of the many problems and changes which were necessary in the design, the building was not completed until ten years later, in 1973.It was inaugurated by Queen Elizabeth 2 on 20th October 1973, and millions of people attended the ceremony. The event was televised, and included fireworks display and classical music performance.

16. Main ideas and supporting ideas from the selection • Most famous architectural wonders of the modern world • Recognizable both for its roof shells • Location in Sydney harbour • Performing arts center • Started in 1959 and completed in 1973 • Competition: The Danish architect Jorn Utzon • Five theatres, five rehearsal studios, two main halls, four restaurants, six bars, and several shops. • Controversial: expected $7 million / the final cost $102 • Difficult weather conditions, problems with structural design, and changes to contract. • Inaugurated by Queen Elizabeth 2 on 20th October 1973

17. The Sydney Opera House SUMMARY: The Sydney Opera house has been described as ‘one of the wonders of the modern world’, is in Sydney Harbour , Australia. Designed by Danish Architect, Jorn Utzo , this large performing art centre with numerous theatres, restaurants, and other facilities, took fourteen years to build at a cost of over $100 million. The construction was seen as controversial as it was estimated to only cost $7 million but adverse weather, design difficulties and contractual problems made expenses spiral out of control. It was inaugurated by Queen Elizabeth II in 1973 at a ceremony televised to the world. Adapted from Philpot, S & Curnick , L. 2011. Headway Academic Skills, Level 3. OUP

18. You can also consider this summarizing technique MAIN IDEA SUPPORTING DETAILS SUPPORTING DETAILS SUPPORTING DETAILS

19. Example Paragraph: A tornado is a powerful, twisting windstorm. It begins high in the air, among the winds of a giant storm cloud. People who have watched a tornado’s howling winds reach down from the sky have said it’s the most frightening thing they have ever seen. In some parts of the United States, these windstorms are called twisters or cyclones. Reference : https://www.nwfsc.edu > 201…PDF Web results Summarizing

20. MAIN IDEA AND SUPPORTING DETAILS Tornado is powerful, twisting windstorm. Part of giant storm cloud Also called twister or Cyclone Frightening Sentence Summary : Tornadoes are frightening, powerful, twisting windstorms sometimes called twisters or cyclones that start in giant storm clouds

21. Another Example Paragraph: Original Text: Tiger sharks are named for the dark, vertical stripes found mainly on juveniles. As these sharks mature, the lines begin to fade and almost disappear. These large, blunt-nosed predators have a duly earned reputation as man-eaters. They are second only to great whites in attacking people. But because they have a near completely undiscerning palate, they are not likely to swim away after biting a human, as great whites frequently do. They are consummate scavengers, with excellent senses of sight and smell and a nearly limitless menu of diet items. They have sharp, highly serrated teeth and powerful jaws that allow them to crack the shells of sea turtles and clams. The stomach contents of captured tiger sharks have included stingrays, sea snakes, seals, birds, squids, and even license plates and old tires.

22. Summary of Text: Tiger sharks will eat just about anything. They use their sense of sight and smell to hunt. Their pointed, serrated teeth and strong jaws are helpful when breaking shells and even human bones. Unlike the great white shark, the tiger shark is more aggressive after taking a bite. The tiger shark probably won’t swim away contently but will continue to attack

23. Another Five Easy Techniques in Summarizing Various Academic Texts Technique 1: Somebody Wanted But So Then “Somebody Wanted But So Then” is an excellent summarizing strategy for stories. Each word represents a key question related to the story's essential elements. Read how the technique works below . Somebody: Who is the story about? Wanted : What does the main charter want? But : Identify a problem that the main character encountered . So: How does the main character solve the problem ? Then: Tell how the story ends

24. Another Five Easy Techniques in Summarizing Various Academic Texts Here is an example of this strategy in action : Somebody: Little Red Riding Hood Wanted: She wanted to take cookies to her sick grandmother. But : She encountered a wolf pretending to be her grandmother . So: She ran away, crying for help . Then: A woodsman heard her and saved her from the wolf . Summary: Little Red Riding Hood wanted to take cookies to her sick grandmother, but she encountered a wolf. He got to her grandmother’s house first and pretended to be the old woman. He was going to eat Little Red Riding Hood, but she realized what he was doing and ran away, crying for help. A woodsman heard the girl’s cries and saved her from the wolf.

25. Another Five Easy Techniques in Summarizing Various Academic Texts Technique 2: SAAC Method The SAAC method is another useful technique for summarizing any kind of text (story, article, speech , etc ). SAAC is an acronym for "State, Assign, Action, Complete ." Each word in the acronym refers to a specific element that should be included in the summary • State: name of the article, book, or story • Assign: the name of the author • Action: what the author is doing (example: tells, explains) • Complete: complete the sentence or summary with keywords and important details

26. Another Five Easy Techniques in Summarizing Various Academic Texts Here is an example of SAAC in action: • State: The Boy Who Cried Wolf • Assign: Aesop (a Greek storyteller) • Action: tells • Complete: what happens when a shepherd boy repeatedly lies to the villagers about seeing a wolf Summary : The Boy Who Cried Wolf, by Aesop (a Greek storyteller), tells what happens when a shepherd boy repeatedly lies to the villagers about seeing a wolf. After a while, they ignore his false cries. Then, when a wolf really does attack, they don’t come to help him.

27. Another Five Easy Techniques in Summarizing Various Academic Texts Technique 3: 5 W's, 1 H The 5 W's, 1 H strategy relies on six crucial questions: who, what, when, where, why, and how. These questions make it easy to identify the main character, the important details, and the main idea. • Who is the story about? • What did they do ? • When did the action take place? • Where did the story happen? • Why did the main character do what he/she did? • How did the main character do what he/she did

28. Another Five Easy Techniques in Summarizing Various Academic Texts Try this technique with a familiar fable such as "The Tortoise and the Hare." • Who? The tortoise • What? He raced a quick, boastful hare and won. • When? When isn’t specified in this story, so it’s not important in this case. • Where? An old country road • Why ? The tortoise was tired of hearing the hare boast about his speed. • How? The tortoise kept up his slow but steady pace . Summary: Tortoise got tired of listening to Hare boast about how fast he was, so he challenged Hare to a race. Even though he was slower than Hare, Tortoise won by keeping up his slow and steady pace when Hare stopped to take a nap.

29. Another Five Easy Techniques in Summarizing Various Academic Texts Technique 4: First, Then, Finally The "First Then Finally" technique helps students summarize events in chronological order. The three words represent the beginning, main action, and conclusion of a story, respectively: • First. What happened first? Include the main character and main event/action. • Then. What key details took place during the event/action? • Finally. What were the results of the event/action?

30. Another Five Easy Techniques in Summarizing Various Academic Texts Here is an example using "Goldilocks and the Three Bears." First , Goldilocks entered the bears' home while they were gone. Then, she ate their food, sat in their chairs, and slept in their beds. Finally, she woke up to find the bears watching her, so she jumped up and ran away

31. Another Five Easy Techniques in Summarizing Various Academic Texts Technique 5: Give Me the Gist When someone asks for "the gist" of a story, they want to know what the story is about. In other words, they want a summary—not a retelling of every detail. In using the gist method, you are like giving a friend the gist of a story.

32. Another Five Easy Techniques in Summarizing Various Academic Texts When summarizing is useful?

33. Another Five Easy Techniques in Summarizing Various Academic Texts Summarizing is useful in many types of writing and at different points in the writing process. Summarizing is used to support an argument, provide context for a paper’s thesis, write literature reviews, and annotate a bibliography. The benefit of summarizing lies in showing the "big picture," which allows the reader to contextualize what you are saying. In addition to the advantages of summarizing for the reader, as a writer you gain a better sense of where you are going with your writing, which parts need elaboration, and whether you have comprehended the information you have collected.

34. ASSIGNMENT: Directions: Write a short essay/poem emphasizing the importance of summarizing in academic writing to you as a Senior High School student. Provide situations to support your answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

35. Siargao : A Surfing Paradise Unspoiled teardrop shaped island called Siargao is a Shangri-la for adventurers and nature lovers. It is the surfing capital of the Philippines. This surfing haven is located 800 kilometers Southeast of Manila. Siargao is now one of the world's great frontiers for surf exploration. Its most popular break is "Cloud Nine." Surfing is best from July to November when strong waves are in constant motion. The powerful wave-off "Cloud 9" has been hailed as one of the world's five toughest breaks and has been frequently compared to the famous surf of Hawaii and Australia. Siargao's "Cloud Nine", a powerful hollow right hander, featured in "Surf Magazine" as one of the ten best waves in the world. East of Siargao Islands lies the Philippine Deep that rises from over 34,000 ft to a belt of reefs. This Oceanic trench is the reason for the excellent surf in Siargao ; because it is so deep and the continental shelf narrow, the waves break with juice straight out of deep water and focus the wave energy straight at the beach. This area is set to become Asia's next hot surfing destination and is truly one of the worlds' last great frontiers for surf exploration. Without those terms the passage would be thin and flat. There would be no verbal picture, no sensual re-creation of place .