MORAL DEVELOPMENT LESSON FOR FINALS.pptx

Personal Development

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2. M ORAL VALUES & DEVELOPMENT

3. The Reason F or Choosing Moral Values T he reason we choose this topic because to make people aware of their do’s and dont’s.

4. WHAT ARE MORAL VALUES ? M oral values are the standards of good and evil, which govern an individual’s behaviour and choices. Individual’s morals may derive from society and government, religion, or self .

5. WHAT ARE MORAL VALUES ? When moral values derive from society and government they, of necessity, may change as the laws and morals of the society change. An example of the impact of changing laws on moral values may be seen in the case of marriage vs. “living together.”

6. WHAT ARE MORAL VALUES ? Moral" values are flexible depending on the culture a person is raised in. It usually refers to what is right or wrong.

7. LIST OF SOME MORAL VALUES B igot -A bigot is a person obstinately or intolerantly devoted to his or her own opinions and prejudices, especially one exhibiting intolerance, irrationality. Evil Moral Values

8. LIST OF SOME MORAL VALUES L ying - Lying is communication with the intention of creating a false belief. A sarcastic statement which is not intended or expected to create a false belief

9. LIST OF SOME MORAL VALUES O pression - Oppression is the exercise of authority or power in a burdensome, cruel, or unjust manner. It can also be defined as an act or instance of oppressing

10. LIST OF SOME MORAL VALUES T reason - In law, treason is the crime that covers some of the more serious acts of betrayal of one's sovereign or nation.

11. LIST OF SOME MORAL VALUES Honesty Hard Work Forgiveness Good Moral Values

12. LIST OF SOME MORAL VALUES Compassion Truthful Kindness

13. Types of “Values”. Universal Values: It h as the same value or worth for all , or almost all people. Eg, Sanctity of human life, Peace, and human dignity. Instrumental Values: These are values that can be used to get something else. Examples of these would include Progress (which allows leisure time), Freedom (Through which we can get dignity and/or self actualization), and Knowledge (which helps us to get economic prosperity, and progress).

14. Intrinsic Values: ( opposite to instrumental value) Something has intrinsic worth simply because of what it is, and not necessarily what it will lead to. For example , beauty, artistic expression and happiness we value them because they are an important aspect of life. Prerequisite Values: These are values that are necessary before you can get to some bigger goal. For example, this type of value include safety (which is needed before people can even think about having anything else), Justice (which is needed before we can move onto equality), or the common good (which must be honored if we can ever get to a state of peace).

15. MORAL D E V ELO P M E N T ( LAWRENCE KOHLBERG )

16. LAWRENCE KOHLBERG (born on October 25, 1927 — died on January 17, 1987) American psychologist and educator known for his theory of moral development. A psychologist who portrayed on education, anthropology, and philosophy, to inform his work on the development of moral judgment and on moral behavior.

17. WHAT IS MORAL DEVELOPMENT? Moral Development is an aspect of a person’s overall development that follows over the course of a lifetime. Moral Development is growth and, like all growth, it takes place according to a pre-determined sequence.

18. HOW DID KOHLBERG COME UP WITH THE THEORY OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT? All his ideas started from the research he performed with very young children as his subjects. He found out that children are faced with different moral issues, and their judgments on whether they are to act positively or negatively over each dilemma are heavily influenced by several factors

19. The Heinz Dilemma: A woman was near death from a special kind of cancer There was one drug that the doctors thought might save her. It was a form of radium that a pharmacist in the same town had recently discovered. The drug was expensive to make, but the pharmacist was charging ten times what the drug cost him to produce. He paid $200 for the radium and charged $2,000 for a small dose of the drug …….

20. SIX STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT Level 1: Pre-Conventional Moral Development Stage 1 Punishment-Obedience Orientation Stage 2 Instrumental Relativist Orientation Level 2: Conventional Moral Development Stage 3 Good boy-Good girl Orientation Stage 4 Law and Order Orientation Level 3: Post-Conventional Moral Development Stage 5 Social-Contract Legalistic Orientation Stage 6 Universal Ethical Principle Orientation

21. Sources of Moral Values. Here we discuss the following; R e ligi on . Science. Culture. Law.

22. Other many sources of Values. Family Friends The Law Regions of Country Profession E m ploy e r Society at Large Fellow Workers Fellow Workers R e lig i ous Beliefs The Individual Conscience

23. C onclusion