Music 9 lesson #1 music of the medieval period

1st Quarter Lesson #1
MAPEH For Today's Learner 9
Music of the Medieval Period

1. Music of the Medieval Period

2. What you should know? Medieval period is also called Middle Ages Referring between the fall of Roman empire and the age reawakening and discovery. Music is based upon religious subject.

3. Choirs expressed faith through beautiful melodies. By the 13 th century, magnificent works of architecture, sculpture, painting, music and poetry appeared.

4. Many kinds of music were created during this Middle Ages Music for the knights For the nobles in the castles Chants for the priests

5. Only the church music were preserved. Later on, they devised a system to notate and copy music. Church music spread and taught to succeeding generations.

6. Vocal Music

7. Gregorian Chant Official music of the Roman Catholic Church Named after Pope Gregory I It is also named as plainsong or plainchant

8. Set to sacred Latin text It is monophonic It does not have harmony nor counterpoint. Sung without any accompaniment Male voices sing in unison.

9. Originally it was a chant passed along by oral tradition but later on, they were notated. They used the neume notation. The Gregorian neume is written on a four-line staff

10. Text Settings

11. Syllabic There is one assigned note for each syllable of text. Neumatic A group of neumes is assigned to one syllable of text.

12. Melismatic There is are many notes assigned to one syllable of text, usually combining different groups of neumes. Psalmodic A are many syllables to one note or text.

13. Church Modes Scale used in both secular and sacred music. They composed of 7 different tones and an eighth note that duplicates the first note an octave higher. There are 8 church modes: Authentic Plagal

14. A. Authentic Modes Dorian Phrygian Lydian mixolydian

15. B. Plagal Modes Hypodorian Hypophrygian Hypolydian hypomixolydian

16. Development of Melody Monophonic in Texture But transformed into one or more parts accompanying the original chant.

17. Guillame de Machaut French poet and composer 1 st to write a polyphonic setting of the mass ordinary. He used the arts nova technique of isorhythm

18. Organum An early church polyphony Consists of a Gregorian chant and one or more musical lines above the chant The soloist sings the original chant melody while the choir sings the other parts in parallel motion

19. Motet One new voice above the plainchant, making 3 or 4 voice compositions. Most important form of polyphonic music. Derives from the French word mot, referring to the words that were added to the vocal lines.

20. Mass Roman Catholic church’s central and leading worship service. Kyrie Gloria Credo Sanctus Agnus Dei

21. Instrumental Music

22. Troubadours Came from the word trobar meaning “to compose”, “to discuss” or “to find” They performed chivalry and courtly romantic music. They play for both commoners and nobility.

23. Trouveree They are composer-performers Their counterparts in Germany were called minnesingers. Their songs are about love, crusades, dance songs, spinning songs

24. The notation of their songs does not show rhythm There were also minstrels and jongleurs who were the acrobat performers and considered the lowest social level.

25. Adam de la Halle He was a French trouvere , poet and composer. He is an accomplished composer of Rondeux (two-part refrains) Chansons Motets ( polyphonic choral compositions) Jeux-partis (dialogues between 2 parties)

26. Musical Instruments

27. The musical instruments are divided into 2 groups: The loud or outdoor ( hauts ) The soft or indoor (bas)

28. Hauts (loud) Musical Instruments Trumpet Longs instrument made of metal Used for fanfares.

29. Sackbul It resembles a trombone instrument.

30. Shawm This has a reed that vibrates against a tongue or lips to produce sound. It resembles an oboe instrument

31. Bagpipe Made from a goat or sheep skin and a reed pipe. This is used by the poorest people

32. Nakers This is a drum instrument played in pairs.

33. Tabor It is a small drum Made from the trunk of a tree or a metal with animal skin.

34. Bas (soft) Musical Instruments Flute This is a recorder like woodwind instrument. Favorite instrument of the minstrells when travelling.

35. Recorder This is a flute-like woodwind instrument This held vertically from the lips of the player.

36. Harp Favorite instrument of the troubadours and minstrels

37. Fiddle This is a bowed or lucked string instrument placed under the chin of the player.

38. Lute This is a pear-shaped pluck string instrument with a bent neck and a fretted finger board.

39. Positive Organ This is the principal musical instrument in monasteries and cathedrals during the late medieval period. The only instrument allowed by the church authorities.