Naming Tutorial ppt.pptNaming Tutorial ppt.ppt

Naming Tutorial ppt.ppt

1. Chemical Names and Chemical Names and
FormulasFormulas
OverviewOverview
••Metals and Non-MetalsMetals and Non-Metals
••Ions and Ionic ChargesIons and Ionic Charges
••Types of CompoundsTypes of Compounds
••Systematic NamesSystematic Names
-Writing Names and Formulas-Writing Names and Formulas

2. Naming Compounds TutorialNaming Compounds Tutorial
General Information
Binary Ionic Compounds
Ternary Ionic Compounds/Poly-atomic Ions
Naming w/metals that have more than 1 cha
rge (Transition Metals)
Molecular Compounds
Naming Acids

3. Metals and NonmetalsMetals and Nonmetals

Stairway Of Division on Periodic TableStairway Of Division on Periodic Table

C, P, Se, I, Rn and to the right are non-C, P, Se, I, Rn and to the right are non-
metalsmetals

B, Si, As, Ge, Sb, Te, Po, At are semi-B, Si, As, Ge, Sb, Te, Po, At are semi-
metalsmetals

All others are metalsAll others are metals

4. IonsIons

CationsCations
Positively Positively
Charged Charged
AtomsAtoms

i.e.i.e.NaNa
++

AnionsAnions
Negatively Negatively
Charged Charged
AtomsAtoms

i.e.i.e.ClCl
--

5. IONIC CHARGESIONIC CHARGES

Group I ->Group I ->

Group II ->Group II ->

Group III ->Group III ->

Group IV ->Group IV ->
1+1+
2+2+
3+3+
4+4+

6. IONIC CHARGESIONIC CHARGES

Group V ->Group V ->

Group VI ->Group VI ->

Group VII ->Group VII ->

Group VIII ->Group VIII ->
3-3-
2-2-
1-1-
Noble GasesNoble Gases

7. TYPES OF COMPOUNDSTYPES OF COMPOUNDS

Ionic CompoundsIonic Compounds
• • composed of positive andcomposed of positive and
negative ions.negative ions.
• • usually formed from a metal and usually formed from a metal and
non-metal.non-metal.
• • these elements these elements areare notnot attached attached
to one another.to one another.

8. TYPES OF TYPES OF
COMPOUNDSCOMPOUNDS

Ionic Compounds con’tIonic Compounds con’t
• • ExamplesExamples
NaClNaCl
CaBrCaBr
22
KIKI

9. CHEMICAL FORMULASCHEMICAL FORMULAS

DefinitionDefinition
• • shows the kind and numbers of shows the kind and numbers of
atoms in the smallest atoms in the smallest
representative unit of the representative unit of the
substance.substance.

i. e. i. e.
NaClNaCl

10. IONIC COMPOUNDSIONIC COMPOUNDS

A formula unit is the lowest A formula unit is the lowest
whole number ratio of ions in an whole number ratio of ions in an
ionic compound.ionic compound.

i.e.i.e.NaNa
22ClCl
22 -> -> NaClNaCl

There is no such thing as a There is no such thing as a
molecule of NaCl!!!!!!!!!molecule of NaCl!!!!!!!!!

11. IONIC COMPOUNDSIONIC COMPOUNDS

If charges cancel, just write the symbolsIf charges cancel, just write the symbols
NaNa
+1+1
Cl Cl
-1-1
NaCl NaCl

If charges do not cancel, criss-cross:If charges do not cancel, criss-cross:
CaCa
+2+2
Cl Cl
-1 -1
CaCl CaCl
22
***Do not move the charge, only the ***Do not move the charge, only the
numbernumber
***Do not write the 1***Do not write the 1

12. NAMING NAMING
COMPOUNDSCOMPOUNDS

Your ability to name compounds Your ability to name compounds
and write formula’s hinges on and write formula’s hinges on
your ability to recognize whether your ability to recognize whether
a compound is Ionic or a compound is Ionic or
Molecular.Molecular.

13. BINARY IONIC BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDSCOMPOUNDS

Binary means 2 elementsBinary means 2 elements

Ionic means a metal and a non-Ionic means a metal and a non-
metal (or cation and anion)metal (or cation and anion)

Writing FormulasWriting Formulas
• • charges must balance so charges must balance so
compound charge is neutral.compound charge is neutral.

14. BINARY IONIC BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDSCOMPOUNDS

Writing Formulas from NamesWriting Formulas from Names
• • 1st word = CATION1st word = CATION
• • 2nd word = ANION name 2nd word = ANION name
with with ideide
ending.ending.

15. BINARY IONIC BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDSCOMPOUNDS

NaBrNaBr
 MgFMgF
22

Sodium Sodium
BromideBromide

Magnesium Magnesium
FluorideFluoride

16. BINARY IONIC BINARY IONIC
COMPOUNDSCOMPOUNDS

Potassium Potassium
ChlorChlorideide

Aluminum Aluminum
OxOxideide
• • notice ending notice ending
of name is ide!of name is ide!
KK
++
ClCl
- -
-> KCl -> KCl
AlAl
22
3+3+
OO
33
2- 2-
-> ->
Al Al
22OO
33

17. Polyatomic IonsPolyatomic Ions

DefinitionDefinition••tightly bound tightly bound
groups of groups of atoms that behave as atoms that behave as
a unit a unit and carry a charge.and carry a charge.
ExampleExampleSOSO
33
2-2-
, NO, NO
22
--
, ClO, ClO
22
--

18. TERNARY IONIC TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDSCOMPOUNDS
Ternary means 3 different Ternary means 3 different
elementselements
Usually contain Poly-atomic Usually contain Poly-atomic
IonsIons
Ionic means cation and anionIonic means cation and anion

19. TERNARY IONIC TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS:Writing COMPOUNDS:Writing
FormulasFormulas
CaCa
2+2+
COCO
33
2- 2-
CaCOCaCO
33
Charges canceled.Charges canceled.
Just write the symbolsJust write the symbols

Calcium Calcium
CarbonateCarbonate

20. TERNARY IONIC TERNARY IONIC
COMPOUNDS: NamingCOMPOUNDS: Naming

Calcium Calcium
NitrateNitrate
Notice the charges didn’t Notice the charges didn’t
cancel so they criss crossedcancel so they criss crossed
CaCa
+2+2
(NO (NO
33))
-1-1
Ca(NOCa(NO
33))
22

21. Naming with Transition Naming with Transition
MetalsMetals

First word = CATIONFirst word = CATION

Second word = ANIONSecond word = ANION
–
The Roman numeral will tell you the The Roman numeral will tell you the
charge of the transition metalcharge of the transition metal
–
Silver (Ag) is an exception. It’s Silver (Ag) is an exception. It’s
charge is +1charge is +1

22. Naming Transition Naming Transition
MetalsMetals

Copper Copper (I) (I)
OxideOxide

CuCu
+1+1
O O
-2-2
CuCu
22OO

23. Writing Formulas with Writing Formulas with
Transition MetalsTransition Metals
FeClFeCl
33
FeFe
+3+3
Cl Cl
-1-1
FeClFeCl
22
FeFe
+2+2
Cl Cl
-1-1

Iron (III) Iron (III)
ChlorideChloride

Iron (II) Iron (II)
ChlorideChloride
*Backwards criss-cross to know the charge/Roman numeral

24. TYPES OF TYPES OF
COMPOUNDSCOMPOUNDS

Molecular CompoundsMolecular Compounds
• • composed of molecules in composed of molecules in
which elements which elements shareshare
electronselectrons..
• • usually composed of 2 usually composed of 2
nonmetals.nonmetals.
• • these elements these elements areare attached attached

25. MOLECULAR MOLECULAR
FORMULAFORMULA

DefinitionDefinition
• • shows the numbers and shows the numbers and
kinds of atoms present in a kinds of atoms present in a
molecule of a compound.molecule of a compound.

i. e. i. e.
COCO

26. TYPES OF TYPES OF
COMPOUNDSCOMPOUNDS

Molecular Compounds con’tMolecular Compounds con’t
••ExamplesExamples
CSCS
22
SiOSiO
22
BFBF
33

27. BINARY MOLECULAR BINARY MOLECULAR
COMPOUNDSCOMPOUNDS

BinaryBinary means 2 elements means 2 elements

MolecularMolecular means 2 non- means 2 non-
metalsmetals

NO ionic charges are NO ionic charges are
presentpresent

28. Naming Binary Naming Binary
Molecular CompoundsMolecular Compounds

Prefixes are used to show how Prefixes are used to show how
many atoms are present in each many atoms are present in each
molecule.molecule.

29. Covalent PrefixesCovalent Prefixes

Mono (or no prefix) – Mono (or no prefix) –
11

Di – 2Di – 2

Tri – 3Tri – 3

Tetra – 4Tetra – 4

Penta – 5Penta – 5

Hexa – 6Hexa – 6

Hepta – 7Hepta – 7

Octa – 8Octa – 8

Nona – 9Nona – 9

Deca – 10Deca – 10

30. Writing Binary Writing Binary
Molecular CompoundsMolecular Compounds
COCO
22
•no mono •no mono
prefix is used on prefix is used on
first elementfirst element

Carbon Carbon
DioxideDioxide
• • Di means 2 Di means 2
oxygens!!oxygens!!

31. Naming Binary Naming Binary
Molecular CompoundsMolecular Compounds

2 ways it’s done!2 ways it’s done!
• • (prefix + element name)(prefix + element name)
i.e.i.e.NN
22OO
dinitrogen monoxidedinitrogen monoxide

32. Naming Binary Naming Binary
Molecular CompoundsMolecular Compounds
• • (prefix + element root + ide)(prefix + element root + ide)
i.e.i.e.PClPCl
33
Phosphorous Phosphorous TriTrichlorchlorideide

All binary compounds end in All binary compounds end in
ide!!!ide!!!