NANO FIBRES OVERVIEW ADVANTAGES APPLICATIONS

A nanofiber is defined as a fibrous material with at least one dimension less than 100 nm, typically discussed as inorganic or organic nanofibers with enhanced properties for various applications such as sensors, batteries, and wound healing.

1. NANO FIBRES Sujithra .Y Tutor cum Technologist Microlabs -Diagnostic Center & Institute of Research and Technology , Sathuvacheri , Vellore.

2. NANOTECHNOLOGY The study and control of matter on atomic and molecular scale. Deals with structures the size of 100 nanometers or smaller. (1nm = 1/1,000,000,000 m )

3. NANOFIBERS INTRODUCTION A nanofiber is a continuous fiber which has a diameter in the range of billionths of a meter. The smallest Nano fibers made today are made between 1.5 and 1.75 nanometers .

4. AN OVER VIEW OF NANOFIBERS Continuous fiber Diameter ranges from 10 – 500 nm High surface Area to volume ratio High mechanical strength Created from polymer solutions using electrospinning process.

5. HOW THE NANOFIBERS FORMED? One of the commonly utilized methods for the production of nanofibers is ELECTROSPINNING . The electrospinning process has a few key elements : A power supply A reservoir for containing the polymeric solution, and A grounded collector

6. TECHNIQUES TO ACHIEVE NANO FIBERS FOR TE SELF ASSEMBLY PHASE SEPARATION ELECTROSPINNING

7. SELF ASSEMBLY PHASE SEPERATION ELECTROSPINNING

8. PROCESS ADVANTAGES LIMITATIONS SELF ASSEMBLY Achieves fiber diameters on lowest scale (5-8 nm). Only short fibers can be created ( 1 µm ). Low yield. Matrix directly fabricated. Limited to a few polymers. PHASE SEPARATION Mechanical properties, pore size, and interconnectivity. Low yield Matrix directly fabricated. Limited to a few polymers. ELECTROSPINNING Cost effective Long continuous nanofibers Large nanometer to micron scale fibers . Use as an organic solvents. No control over 3D pore structure. OVERVIEW PROCESS

9. ELECTROSPINNING TO MAKE NANOFIBERS An electric field pulls on the droplet of the polymer solution at the tip of the syringe and pulls out a small liquid fiber . It is pulled thinner and thinner as it approaches to the collector plate.

10. ELECTROSPINNING A POLYMER SOLUTION TO PRODUCE NANOFIBERS This picture shows the actual spinning of the solution made of the polymer PEO (Polyethylene oxide) dissolved in water. The resulting fiber is collected below on the grounded plate.

11. UNIQUE PROPERTIES OF NANOFIBERS SIZE : Nano fibers are very small which allows them to be used in very small places. SURFACE-TO-VOLUME RATIO : Nano fibers have a huge surface area compared to their volume. HIGH SURFACE AREA SUPPORT : Provides huge structural support.

12. APPLICATIONS OF NANOFIBERS

13. NANO FIBERS HAVE APPLICATION ON MEDICINE including artificial organ components, tissue engineering, drug delivery, wound dressing, and medical textile materials. TEXTILE INDUTRY include sport shoes, rainwear, outwear garments, baby diapers and Napkins. FILTERATION SYSTEM include HEPA filters ,air, oil, fuel filters, pharmacy, filter media for new air and liquid filteration such as vaccum cleaners.

14. A SURVEY OF THE APPLICATION OF NANOFIBERS Researchers are using nano fibers to capture individual cancer cells circulating in the blood stream. They use nano fibers coated with antibodies that bind to cancer cells, trapping the cancer cell to analysis. It can stimulate the production of the cartilage in damaged joints. It can be used for the delivery of therapeutic drugs. They are using the nano fibers to make sensors that change the colour as they absorb chemical vapours.

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