National plans and lessons learnt on restoring peatland in Indonesia: Peatland Restoration Agency’s initiatives on peatland restoration

GLF Bonn 2018, Side Event 3.2: Lessons learned and best practices for the management of tropical peatlands: An inter-tropical dialogue

1. National plans and lessons learnt on restoring peat land in Indonesia Peatland Restoration Agency’s initiatives on peatland restoration Badan Restorasi Gambut Global Landscape Forum Bonn 2018, World Conference Center Bonn 01.12.2018

2. Take outs Peatlands are the largest long-term carbon store in the terrestrial biosphere and rapidly diminishing; Sustainability issues in peatlands comprise complex sets of challenges that require involvement and determination of all stakeholder; Data and information , scientific and technical inputs are limited; Spatial data ( peatland maps ) with operational scale; The use of terms is still confusing, peat (soil), peatland (landscape), and ecosystems; restorations: hydrological or wider; time scale  the boundaries of approaches, scope of management, scale of impacts, etc., what is the definition of restoration and methodology to restore? Strengthen links between science and policy to ensure that policy objectives are data based, clear and quantifiable.

3. Recommendation Identify priorities for peatland rewetting by assessing peatland distribution, drainage status, actual emissions and identifying biodiversity conservation hotspots. Formulate success criteria and develop adequate indicators of successful peatland rewetting. Develop and implement – where applicable – adequate support and f unding mechanisms for changing drained peatland use to paludicultures (wet agriculture and forestry). Avoid and abolish perverse subsidies and regulations which drive peatland damage and destruction, and develop stronger regulatory mechanisms. Communicate the societal benefits of wet (both pristine and rewetted) peatlands in terms of ecosystem services and the costs arising from damaged peatlands. S timulating market-based mechanisms to support peatlands E ngaging and supporting local communities S haring experience and expertise on peatland conservation, restoration and improved management. Promote the role of peatlands rewetting and restoration in reaching national and international policy targets, especially for climate regulation, water quality and biodiversity conservation  ITPC

4. Peatland Restoration Agency The purpose of establishment: Accelerate recovery and restoration of the degraded peatland and ensuring “no more fire”. The main task of BRG is to coordinate and facilitate peatland restoration in the provinces of Riau, Jambi, South Sumatra, West Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, South Kalimantan and Papua; reducing the susceptibility of peatland to fires and improving livelihoods of rural communities dependent on peatland environments. The mission: Plan, design and carry out restoration of degraded peatland, while promoting their protection and wise management; Strengthen the technical and financial cooperation on peatland restoration; Coordinate and facilitate local governments, communities and other parties to carry out restoration of degraded peatland; Mobilizing public, private and people/communities resources, participation and partnership in the implementation of peatland restoration; Facilitating “action research” to support the sustainable management of peatland ecosystems. the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) which allows rewetting of peatlands to be accounted under all land use activities of the Kyoto Protocol and implementation of Paris Agreement , including the new activity ‘Wetland Drainage and Rewetting’, T he Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) with its Aichi Target 15 to restore by 2020 ‘at least 15 per cent of degraded ecosystems, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation and adaptation and to combating desertification’

5. Community and Villages Capacity and Resilience Building What do we want to accomplish? What will we do to get there? How will we know if we are making progress? Where, how big, whom, which technology, when Peatland Mapping Research and Development

6. More than 500 PHUs in 7 Provinces (21.7 million ha ) Peatland (12.9 million ha) Mineral Soil (8.7 million ha) Cultivation/Production Areas (10.1 mill ha) Protected Areas ( 2.9 mill ha) Concession (5.7 mill ha): pulp and paper industrial plantation (2.2 mill ha) timber extraction (576 Kha) palm oil plantation (539 Kha) or other land use (2.4 mill ha) Decree of MoEF (Moratorium Area Rev. XIII) protection forest (4.4 mill ha) Protected Areas (2.9 mill ha) Peatland landscape: Peat Hydrological Units Soil type Land use

7. Peatland mapping and inventory overlaid with land-use Stock taking of existing programs, policy and activities related to peatland and their objectives Agree on party responsible for restoration based on land-use mapping, peatland degradation maps and existing management units Establish necessary arrangement with the responsible parties, including at least feasibility study, cost analysis, design and construction, detailed map, community engagement Supervision and facilitation of Restoration implementations by: Concession holder ( agro -industry and pulp & paper plantations, or logging) Local Community and NGOs/CSOs Provincial Government (Forest Management Unit or other) Technical Implementing Unit of National Government Strengthening policy and providing data/information/TA or restoration guidelines at national and provincial level Restoration Implementation Plan and arrangement

8. 8 INDICATIVE RESTORATION PRIORITY MAP OF RIAU PROVINCE Burnt peatland areas Peat domes with canals Intact peatland areas Shallow-peatland available for production areas

9. 9 Nine responsible entities for restoration implementation in the District of Indragiri Hilir : District Government of Indragiri Hilir , KPH P UNIT XXIX Riau , CV. Nirmala, Koperasi Berkat Mumpa Bersatu , PT. Kokonako Indonesia, PT. Surya Keritang Perkasa, PT. Bina Duta Laksana , PT. Mutiara Sabuk Khatulistiwa , and PT. Sumatera Riang Lestari ) ; 1 UPRG di Kabupaten Pelalawan ( BBKSDA Riau) Annual Implementation Plan 2018 KHG Sungai Gaung – Sungai Batangtuaka 14 responsible entities for restoration implementation in the District of Indragiri Hulu: District Government of Indragiri Hulu , KPH P UNIT XXIX Riau , BBKSDA Riau , CV Nirmala, PT. Gandaerah Hendana , PT. Perkebunan II (S. Air Bayas ), PT. Surya Buana Bersama, PT Merbau Pelalawan Lestari, PT. MiitraKembangSelaras , PT. Mutiara Sabuk Khatulistiwa , PT. Sumatera Riang Lestari, PT. Tesso Indah, PT. Agra Cahaya Keumala , dan PT. Tani Subur Makmur ; Rewetting over-drain peat Pumping of ground water and water collector ponds 1.076 unit (3,400 ha) Canal blocking 1 , 518 unit s (814 unit CBs on primary canals and 704 unit CBs on Secondary and Tertiary canals) . Revegetation Natural succession 5 , 63 5 ha . Enrichment planting 3,686 ha . Artificial revegetation on bare-land 3,521 ha . Community development and socio-economic revitalization At 56 villages

10. Monitoring is critical to follow up progress of peatland restoration efforts, communicate on the results and report at national/regional, local and international levels. PRIMS is developed to support complex restoration process, provide overview to a wide range of key organisations partnering through the collaborative efforts. This PRIMS includes the development of an interactive knowledge platform and a community of practice for data sharing. Developing Peatland Restoration Information and Monitoring Systems

11. The purpose Communicate results and outcomes to encourage positive momentum, inspire replication, and allow for transferable results; Guide and support implementation of restoration and provide feedback, including continuous and collective learning for adaptive management; Ensure transparency and provide evidence of progress, achievements, and impact in relation to specific goals and objectives, including periodic assessments of who benefits and how from restoration interventions (future pay for performance ); Support sharing of evidence to restoration partners to enhance trust and foster additional investments and scaling up; and Support robust monitoring of the restoration impacts, and regular reporting on progress in achieving national, regional, and international commitments.

12. WHY RESTORATION MONITORING PLATFORM ? MULTIPLE USERS AND ACTORS Government, private sectors, development partners, local CSOs, local community Needs for data sharing from regional to central government, accessibility for multiple users, data standardization Feedback system (+evaluation) for policy formulation and institutionalize MULTIPLE RESTORATION INTERVENTIONS Bio-physical, socio-economic, community preparedness To monitor restoration implementation progress and performance LARGE AREAS Peatland extend of more than 20 million ha, spread over 17 provinces Restoration target areas of 2.5 million hectares in 7 provinces RESTORATION IMPACTS MONITORING AND EMISSION CALCULATION Needs to identify restoration impacts to ecosystem Needs to calculate avoided emissions due to restoration implementation (future development, at research stage) © Peatland Restoration Agency – 2018 Why Restoration Monitoring Platform ?

13. © Peatland Restoration Agency – 2018 What PRIMS’ key features RESTORATION ACTIVITIES Monitors Restoration planning, progress and implementation : rewetting, revegetation, revitalization and community preparedness PEAT DEGRADATION INDICATION Monitoring hotspots and identify locations of deforestation in peat forest PLUG AND PLAY DATA ON-BOARDING High compatibility for on-boarding data and services via web API PEAT EMISSION MONITORING Calculation and monitoring of avoided peat emission due to restoration INTERNAL DATABASE AND DATA SHARING Accessibility for multiple users, data sharing regional to central, and data standardization RESTORATION IMPACTS Restoration implementation progress monitoring in relation to peat wetness and ground water level PRIMS

14. Danke Budi S Wardhana Deputy Head of BRG for Planning and Cooperation [email protected]