NATURE & CHARACTERISTICS OF LEARNING

NATURE & CHARACTERISTICS OF LEARNING

1. NATURE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF LEARNING DR. MAHESWARI JAIKUMAR [email protected]

2. LEARNING Learning refers to the acquisition of knowledge or skills through study, experience, or being taught.

3. “Learning is the act of acquiring new, or modifying and reinforcing, existing  knowledge ,  behaviors ,  skills ,  values , or  preferences  and may involve synthesizing different types of  information ”.  wikipedia

4. Humans, animals and plants have the ability to learn. The following are the nature and characteristics of learning.

5. 1. LEARNING IS UNITARY. 2. LEARNING IS INDIVIDUAL. 3. LEARNING IS SOCIAL. 4. LEARNING IS SELF-ACTIVE. 5. LEARNING IS PURPOSIVE. 6. LEARNING IS CREATIVE. 7. LEARNING IS TRANSFERRABLE.

6. LEARNING IS UNITARY The learner responds as a whole person in a unified way to the whole situation of learning. He /she responds intellectually, emotionally, physically and spiritually simultaneously.

7. The individual learner reacts to the whole learning situation rather than to single situations in a unified way.

8. The total intellectual, emotional, physical, social & spiritual processes are wholly co- ordinated towards the achievement of goals.

9. LEARNING IS INDIVIDUAL Each learner differs from each other and hence the teaching learning situation is approached differently by each learner and with different goal & different level of result achievement.

10. The factors influencing at the individual are many such as : hereditary, home environment, religious background, educational opportunity, financial soundness, health, work experience and environmental factors, including the learner’s ability.

11. LEARNING IS SOCIAL Learning occurs in response to the environment in which there are other individuals. Learning is social.

12. Learning is social as it takes place in the social environment of the individual. Social maturity takes place with opportunities and develops into actual achievement.

13. LEARNING IS SELF ACTIVE An individual learns through his own reactions to situations . Learning is a personal process. Each person develops his own habits of learning.

14. The teacher can set a pattern for the student to imitate learning processes. The intellect is perfected not by knowledge but by activity.

15. Learning is a process of self-activity, self-direction, and self-realization of an individual’s highest potentialities.

16. The various forms of self activity are listening, visualizing, memorizing, reasoning, judgment and thinking. The self-activity guided by a teacher becomes an effective activity.

17. LEARNING IS PURPOSIVE Learning is directed towards a goals and goals are determined by motives and incentives. Motives takes a variety of forms (energy, arousing activity).

18. LEARNING-PURPOSIVE

19. Learning experiences become meaningful when they are related to the individual’s interests, when involved in his living & purpose of life.

20. Thus learning enables an individual to make meaningful adjustments in life and set goals, make more meaningful problem solving and result in satisfying social relationships.

21. Goal setting comprises both momentary and long terms goals.

22. SHORT TERM GOALS Refers to the specific task at hand, interlocking and over lapping the immediate goal into a goal system, thus establishing a series of progressive goals.

23. Through a progressive goal setting the learning process itself becomes the motivation for more learning and goals are placed on increasingly mature levels.

24. Learning is influenced by the intention or will to learn, as man has a will and can choose the action he wishes to take.

25. The action that an individual decides to take is determined by his concept of whether that action is a good or some sort. The selection of goal depends on many factors.

26. The factors include religion, philosophy. Learning includes a progressive organizing and re-organizing of educative experiences.

27. Learning is a gradual or developmental process. Learning experiences grow out of past and present experiences through self-evidence.

28. LEARNING IS CREATIVE Human learning is both selective and creative. Teaching involves the mind’s activity on the part of the learner & intellectual guidance on the part of the teacher.

29. The learner is the primary force and the teacher is the secondary force . Learning is a process of personal choice making.

30. The learner has the power to vary her responses to the demands of the situation & to change responses at will and thus create a new forms of response.

31. LEARNING IS TRANSFERABLE Transfer refers to the application of knowledge, skill gained in one context to affect another situation.

32. The factors that influence the amount and permanency of learning are as follows: 1.Intellectual ability. 2.Background experience of the learner.

33. 3.The explicitness & definiteness of goals. 4.Relationship between the activities of the learner and the goals.

34. 5. The whole heartedness of the learner’s approach.

35. Transfer depends on understanding, also it depends on the discovery of essential relationships and applied deliberately to the solution of practical problem.

36. Teacher should provide opportunity for problem-solving for the applications of principles to the solution of the problems.

37. STAGES OF LEARNING COGNITIVE STAGE. UNDERSTANDING THE NATURE & GOAL OF THE ACTIVITY. INITIAL ATTEMPTS (GROSS ERRORS)

38. ASSOCIATIVE STAGE. MASTERING OF THE SKILL & TIMING FEWER & MORE CONSISTENT ERRORS AUTUNOMOUS STAGE

39. WELL CO-ORDINATED & EFFORTLESS ACTIVITY FEW ERRORS AUTOMATIC PERFORMANCE

40. THANK YOU