Nature of perception, characteristics of perciever, situation & target

Nature of perception, characteristics of perciever, situation & target

1. Nature Of Perception, Characteristics Of Perceiver, Target & Situation Dr. G C Mohanta , BE, MSc( Engg ), MBA, PhD(Mgt) Professor

2. Perception Perception is a process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment. People’s behavior is based on their perception of what reality is, not on reality itself. The world as it is perceived is the world that is behaviorally important.

3. 3 Nature of Perception Perception. The process by which people select, organize, interpret, retrieve, and respond to information. Perceptual information is gathered from: Sight. Hearing. Touch. Taste. Smell.

4. © 2008 by South-Western, a division of Cengage Learning 3- 4 A Model for Social Perception

5. 5 Factors influencing Perception Characteristics of the perceiver. Characteristics of the target. Characteristics of the situation.

6. 6 Characteristics of Perceiver The perceptual process is influenced by the perceiver’s: Past experiences. Needs or motives. Personality. Values and attitudes.

7. 7 Characteristics of the Situation The perceptual process is influenced by the situation’s: Physical context. Social context. Organizational context.

8. 8 Characteristics of the Target The perceptual process is influenced by characteristics of the perceived person, object, or event, such as: Contrast. Intensity. Figure-ground separation. Size. Motion. Repetition or novelty.

9. 9 Stages of the perceptual process Information attention and selection. Organization of information. Information interpretation. Information retrieval.

10. 10 Information attention and selection Selective screening. Lets in only a tiny proportion of all the information that bombards a person. Two types of selective screening. Controlled processing. Screening without perceiver’s conscious awareness.

11. 11 Organization of information Schemas A schema is a mental concept which informs a person about what to expect from a variety of experiences and situations. Schemas are developed based on information provided by life experiences and are then stored in memory.

12. 12 Information interpretation Uncovering the reasons behind the ways stimuli are grouped. People may interpret the same information differently or make different attributions about information.

13. 13 Information Retrieval & Response to Perceptual Process Information Retrieval Attention and selection, organization and interpretation are part of memory. Information stored in memory must be retrieved in order to be used. Response to perceptual process Thoughts. Feelings. Actions.