Neoclassical Architecture

Lecture 1 on Neoclassical Architecture conducted at Sushant School of Art and Architecture
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1. History of Architecture-II (AP-313) NEOCLASSICISM LECTURE 1 Nipesh P Narayanan Image Source : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Psyche_revived_Louvre_MR1777.jpg [Online]

2. NEO CLASSICISM WHAT IT MEANS? ~ Neo Classical – NEW Classical Classical Neoclassical 18 th Century Renaissance – 14 th Century on Baroque – 15 th Century Rococo – 18 th Century

3. NEO CLASSICISM REVIVAL OF THE CLASSICAL REVIVAL OF THE CLASSIC

4. NEO CLASSICISM REVIVAL OF THE CLASSICAL REVIVAL OF THE CLASSIC Renaissance Neoclassical

5. NEO CLASSICISM REVIVAL OF THE CLASSICAL REVIVAL OF THE CLASSIC Renaissance Neoclassical Antiquity Archaeology

6. NEO CLASSICISM REVIVAL OF THE CLASSICAL Plato & Classic Ideas “Ideal Form” Archaeology Johann Joachim Winckelmann Excavation of Pompeii & Herculaneum 18 th Century France and the age of enlightenment Jacque Louis David Emmanuel Kant Jean-Jacques Rousseau

7. NEO CLASSICISM REVIVAL OF THE CLASSICAL Plato & Classic Ideas “Ideal Form”

8. NEO CLASSICISM REVIVAL OF THE CLASSICAL Plato & Classic Ideas “Ideal Form” Archaeology Johann Joachim Winckelmann Excavation of Pompeii & Herculaneum

9. NEO CLASSICISM REVIVAL OF THE CLASSICAL Plato & Classic Ideas “Ideal Form” Archaeology Johann Joachim Winckelmann Excavation of Pompeii & Herculaneum 18 th Century France and the age of enlightenment Jacque Louis David Immanuel Kant Jean-Jacques Rousseau

10. IMMANUEL KANT WHAT IS ENLIGHTENMENT? Image Source : http://www.posterenvy.com/catalog/ss087thumb%20-%20Philosopher%20Immanuel%20Kant.jpg [Online] Dare to Know!

11. ROUSSEAU DISCOURSE ON ART AND SCIENCES Image Source : http://www.laprocure.com/cache/couvertures/9782253193197.jpg [Online] Rousseau argues that progress – understood as arts and sciences “throttle in that the sentiment of that original ‘freedom’ for which they seemed born, make them love their slavery and fashion them into what is called civilized peoples.”

12. FRENCH REVOLUTION & JACQUE LOUIS DAVID Oath of Horatii Image Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:David-Oath_of_the_Horatii-1784.jpg [Online]

13. FRENCH REVOLUTION & JACQUE LOUIS DAVID Death of Socrates Image Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:David_-_The_Death_of_Socrates.jpg.jpg [Online]

14. NEO CLASSICISM REVIVAL OF THE CLASSICAL Plato & Classic Ideas “Ideal Form” Archaeology Johann Joachim Winckelmann Excavation of Pompeii & Herculaneum 18 th Century France and the age of enlightenment Jacque Louis David Immanuel Kant Jean-Jacques Rousseau

15. ANDREA PALLADIO (1508 – 1580) PALLADIAN ARCHITECTURE Image Source : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Andrea_palladio_fourth_book_image.jpg [Online] A villa with a superimposed portico, from Book IV of Palladio's I Quattro Libri dell'Architettura , in an English translation published in London, 1736.

16. ANDREA PALLADIO (1508 – 1580) PALLADIAN ARCHITECTURE Image Source : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/PalladioRotondaPlan.jpg [Online] Villa Rotonda (1570s)

17. ANDREA PALLADIO (1508 – 1580) PALLADIAN ARCHITECTURE Image Source : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Larotonda2009.JPG [Online] Villa Rotonda (1570s)

18. GIOVANNI PAOLO PANNINI VEDAUTA IDEATA (Imaginary View) Image Source : http:// upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Roman_Capriccio_The_Pantheon_and_Other_Monuments_by_Giovanni_Paolo_Panini.jpg [ Online ] Roman Capriccio The Pantheon and Other Monuments (1735)

19. GIOVANNI PAOLO PANNINI VEDAUTA IDEATA (Imaginary View) Image Source : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/PanniniMusImagin.jpg Online ] Roman ruins and sculpture (1754-57)

20. PRINCE OF WHALES MAUSOLEUM Image Source : http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/822/flashcards/131822/jpg/study_packet_2b_page_021319908840644.jpg [Online ] Design by Chambers for the Mausoleum of the Prince of Whales (1751)

21. THE ROMAN vs GREEK Image Source : http:// exhibits.slpl.org/scanned/pixel/ste01311.jpg [ Online ] On the Magnificence and Architecture of the Romans ~ Piranesi (1761)

22. THE CLASSIC! Image Source : http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-SoPFHY9LJa0/T-9ovxk9nSI/AAAAAAAAI3w/x_ioNdUYl74/s400/piranesi+7.jpg [ Online ] Thoughts on Architecture ~ Piranesi (1765)

23. THE FRENCH ACADEMY IN ROME Image Source : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Villa_Medici_a_Roma.jpg [ Online ] Villa Medici, Rome (Founded 1666)

24. PANTHEON (Paris) - JACQUES-GABRIEL SOUFFLOT  Image Source : http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/718/flashcards/712718/png/111321134642199.png[Online ] Paris (1756)

25. PANTHEON (Paris) - JACQUES-GABRIEL SOUFFLOT  Image Source : http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/718/flashcards/712718/jpg/121321134675596.jpg[Online ] Plan, Paris(1756)

26. PANTHEON (Paris) - JACQUES-GABRIEL SOUFFLOT  Image Source : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/Int%C3%A9rieur_du_Panth%C3%A9on.jpg [Online ] Interior of Pantheon, Paris(1756)

27. BRANDENBURG GATE - CARL GOTTHARD LANGHANS  Image Source : Author Berlin (1789-94)

28. THE CUPOLA ROOM - WILLIAM KENT Image Source : http://www.architecture.com/Images/Palladio/Interiors/Colour/KensingtonPalace.jpg [ Online ] Interiors of Cupola Room, Kensington Palace, London (1720s)

29. THE CUPOLA ROOM - WILLIAM KENT Image Source : http://farm9.staticflickr.com/8529/8511881787_567ed436dc_c.jpg [ Online ] Interiors of Cupola Room, Kensington Palace, London (1720s)

30. HOLKHAM HALL - WILLIAM KENT, LORD BURLINGTON Image Source : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Holkham_hall_south_face.jpg[Online ] Country House, Holkham Village, England (1730s)

31. HOLKHAM HALL - WILLIAM KENT, LORD BURLINGTON Image Source http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Plan_of_Holkham_Hall.png[Online ] Plan, Holkham hall, Holkham Village, England (1730s)

32. HOLKHAM HALL - WILLIAM KENT, LORD BURLINGTON Image Source : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Marble_Hall_Holkham_Hall.jpg[Online ] Marble Hall – Interior (1730s)

33. HOLKHAM HALL - WILLIAM KENT, LORD BURLINGTON Image Source http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Holkham_Hall%2C_construction_detail.jpg [Online ] Marble Hall – Construction Detail (1730s)

34. SYON HOUSE - ROBERT ADAM Image Source http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Painting_of_Syon_House.jpg[Online ] Picturesque rendering – London (Remodeled 1762 – 9)

35. SYON HOUSE - ROBERT ADAM Image Source http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Syon_House_West_Aspect.JPG[Online ] Elevation, Syon House, (Remodeled 1762 – 9)

36. SYON HOUSE - ROBERT ADAM Image Source http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Syon_Plan.jpg[Online ] Plan, Syon House, (Remodeled 1762 – 9)

37. SHEREMETEV PALACE - QUARENGHI (1790s) Image Source http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Sheremetev_Palace_01.JPG[Online ] Russia was introduced to neo-classical architecture by Ar. Giacomo Quarenghi (1744 – 1817), trained as a painter in Bergamo and in Rome

38. THOMAS JEFFERSON AND THE ARCHITECTURE OF NEW REPUBLIC Image Source http://www.ushistory.org/declaration/images/trumbull-large1.jpg[Online ] Thomas Jefferson (1743 – 1826) was influenced by French neo-classicism in his search for an architecture which would symbolize the values of the newly established republic, USA (1784).

39. THOMAS JEFFERSON AND THE ARCHITECTURE OF NEW REPUBLIC Image Source http://jeffersoninparis.com/images/600_hotel_de_salm_construction.jpg[Online ] Thomas Jefferson’s favorite building, built between 1782 and 1787 by the architect Pierre Rousseau

40. MONTICELLO - THOMAS JEFFERSON Image Source http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Thomas_Jefferson's_Monticello_Estate.jpg[Online ] The remodeling of Monticello, completed during Jefferson’s term as the third president of USA (1801-1809), gave it the effect of a one- storeyed Roman villa.

41. MONTICELLO - THOMAS JEFFERSON Image Source http://data.greatbuildings.com/gbc/drawings/Monticello_Floor_Plan.jpg[Online ] The remodeling of Monticello, completed during Jefferson’s term as the third president of USA (1801-1809), gave it the effect of a one- storeyed Roman villa.

42. UNITED STATES CAPITOL Image Source http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/IMG_2259_-_Washington_DC_-_US_Capitol.JPG[Online ] Exterior of the Capitol, Washington (initial building 1792 – 1827) by Thornton, Haller, Hadfield, Latrobe and Bulfinch.

43. REFERENCE Watkin , David. 1996. A history of Western Architecture. London : Laurence King, 1996. ISBN 1856690822 . Fletcher, Banister and Cruickshank, Dan. 1996. Sir Banister Fletcher's: A History of Architecture. s.l . : Elsevier/Architectural Press, 1996. ISBN 0750622679, 9780750622677.