Never Stop Learning

1. Never Stop
Learning
Rachel Hong

2. What is Learning?
§Learning refers to the change in
behaviour educationally.
§In psychology, however, learning
means knowing how to response
correctly to stimulus
(Vigneswari1161996, 2017).

3. VAK Learning Styles
§Three main different types VAK styles:
§Visual learners
§Auditory learners
§Kinesthetic learners
§It relies on the sensation and works together
with the perception and memory.
§Nowadays, VAK is used in education.
§It is widely accepted because it is simple to
understand (Clark, D.R., 2011).

4. Visual Learners
§Learn best by using their eyes to see visual
information.
§Can imagine things in their head, too.
§Others who give spoken directions will
challenge them.
§Struggle to focus easily when they are
disturbed by sounds.
§Love colour and stories in spoken language that
allow them to be rich in imagery
(EducationPlanner.org., n.d.).

5. Auditory Learners
§Learn by using their ears to hear and
listen auditory information.
§Can easily follow the spoken
instructions.
§Learn by reading out loud, so that
they can hear what they are saying.
§Do talk to themselves often
(EducationPlanner.org., n.d.).

6. Kinesthetic Learners
§Learn by using physical movement.
§Learn easily with the "hands-on" approach
involving physical activity.
§Making them to sit quietly will challenge them,
because they are very active.
§Do speak with their hands and gestures often.
§Value the encouragement expressed physically, like
patting on the back (EducationPlanner.org., n.d.).

7. Importance of
Learning
§Learning is important in our life.
§This is because it involves the process
of growth and development.
§The process is flexible and
automatically.
§This is because we all have to adjust
ourselves constantly to the changing
environment by modifying our
behaviour (Vigneswari1161996,
2017).

8. Active Learning Vs Passive Learning

9. Active
Learning
§ The type of learning that
involves interacting with the
others to work out with the
knowledge (Center for
Instructional Technology &
Training, n.d.).

10. Passive
Learning
§The type of learning that
involves getting the
information presented to
them (Center for
Instructional Technology &
Training, n.d.).

11. Types of
Learning Theory
§Three basic types of learning
theories (Brendza, 2016;
Dr.Mohamed ElDeeb, Dr. Yasser
Tawfik, & Dr. Emad Elwy, 2017):
§Behaviorism
§Cognitivism
§Constructivism

12. Behaviorism
§A process to responding to stimulus from outside
§With either reenforcement or punishment
§This type of learner, like children.
§Is passive
§Only response to motivation (Brendza, 2016;
Dr.Mohamed ElDeed et al., 2017).

13. Cognitivism
§A process of receiving and keeping the
information.
§People will reflect about the behavior
modification.
§This type of learner, like adult.
§Focuses on thinking skills (Brendza, 2016;
Dr.Mohamed ElDeed et al., 2017).

14. Constructivism
§A process of making personal
reality based on old knowledge
and impersonal reality.
§This type of learner is active.
§Creating their own learning
goals (Brendza, 2016;
Dr.Mohamed ElDeed et al.,
2017).

15. Learning Process
§ The thought of investigating how
behaviour can be affected by learning
process - John B. Watson
§Classical conditioning by Ivan Pavlov
§Operant conditioning by Edward Thorndike and
B.F. Skinner
§Observational learning by Albert Bandura
(Cherry, 2019)

16. Classical Conditioning
§Refers to a formerly neutral stimulation that is related
with a stimulation that makes a response naturally.
§This principles was first discovered by Ivan Pavlov, a
Russian physiologist.
§In his experiment, the smell of food was the occurring
stimulation that was linked with the bell ringing.
§When the relationship had been connected between the
two, the dogs will response to the sound of the ringing bell
(Cherry, 2019).

17. Operant Conditioning
§Concerns on how the response in behavior can
be affected by the consequences of actions by
reinforcement or punishment.
§First studied by Edward Thorndike.
§Later, described by the behavioral psychologist
B.F. Skinner.
§According to Skinner,
§Good behaviour will be shown with reinforcement.
§Bad behaviour will be declined with punishment
(Cherry, 2019).

18. Observational Learning
§Looking at how others do and
copy their actions.
§The social learning theory of
Albert Bandura
§His classic “Bobo Doll experiments”
§Children will copy how the way
other people act through
observation
§Without direct reinforcement
§Attention, memory, motivation
and motor skills are important
(Cherry, 2019).

19. Steps to Learning
§Laserfiche (2018) suggested that there are 7
steps to catch up a new skill in a short time
and to become a more effective learner.
§Step 1: Self- Care.
§Step 2: Prepare Your Learning Environment.
§Step 3: Find Your Learning Style.
§Step 4: Find Your Educational Style.
§Step 5: Use the 80/20 Rule.
§Step 6: Summarize What You Learn.
§Step 7: Practice, Practice, Practice.

20. Stages of Learning
§When acquiring new skills, we will go through the four
stages of learning (Pateros, n.d.).
§This model was formulated by Noel Burch in 1970.
§Stage 1: Unconscious Incompetence.
§We are not sure what we should know.
§Stage 2: Conscious Incompetence.
§We are aware that we do not know how to do yet.
§Stage 3: Conscious Competence.
§We know how to do.
§Stage 4: Unconscious Competence.
§We can do it naturally without much effort.

21. Conclusion
§“Never stop learning,
because life never stops
teaching” — Lin Pernille.

§Remember, there is always
something new to learn
outside there.

22. References
§Brendza, C. (2018, December 21). Learning Theories ? Which is Best for Millennials? Retrieved October 12, 2019, from
https://www.ttcinnovations.com/learning-theories-which-is-best-for-millennials/
§Clark, D.R. (2011, July 12). Visual, Auditory, and Kinesthetic Learning Styles (VAK). Retrieved October 12, 2019, from
http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/styles/vakt.html
§Cherry, K. (2019, September 17). The Psychology of Learning. Retrieved October 12, 2019, from
https://www.verywellmind.com/learning-study-guide-2795698
§Center for Instructional Technology & Training. (n.d.). Active vs. Passive Learning in Online Courses. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
Retrieved October 12, 2019, from http://citt.ufl.edu/online-teaching-resources/activelearning/active-vs-passive-learning-in-online-
courses/
§Dr. Mohamed ElDeeb, Dr. Yasser Tawfik, & Dr. Emad Elwy. (2017, June 23). Behaviourism, Cognitivism and Constructivism: Teaching
& Learning Paradigm [PowerPoint slides]. Greenwich University. Retrieved October 12, 2019, from
https://www.slideshare.net/DrMohamedElDeeb/behaviourism-cognitivism-and-constructivism-teaching-learning-paradigm
§EducationPlanner.org. (n.d.). What's Your Learning Style? The Learning Styles. Retrieved October 12, 2019, from
http://www.educationplanner.org/students/self-assessments/learning-styles-styles.shtml
§Laserfiche. (2018, June 14). 7 Steps to Learning New Stuff Faster [Web log post]. Retrieved October 12, 2019, from
https://www.laserfiche.com/ecmblog/7-steps-to-learning-new-stuff-faster/#
§Pateros, J. (n.d.). The Four Stages of Learning Center. Retrieved October 12, 2019, from https://www.processcoaching.com/fourstages
§Vigneswari1161996. (2017, January 30). Nature of Learning [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved October 12, 2019, from
https://www.slideshare.net/vigneswari1161996/nature-of-learning

23. Thank You