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1. Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct 1 Lesson 3 The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: Therd Kyle M. Bacani, CHRA

2. Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 2 Lesson Objectives: At the end of the lesson, students should be able to: enumerate the various psychological perspectives and concepts about the "self"; analyze the effects of various psychological factors in the formation of the "self"; and Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: Therd Kyle M. Bacani, CHRA

3. Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 3 Lesson Objectives: examine one's "self" against the different perspectives in this lesson and various experiences of your classmates. Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: Therd Kyle M. Bacani, CHRA

4. 4 Introduction: The Self as a Cognitive Construct “Understanding Who We Are and Who We Can Become” Example: Maria isn’t just a student; she’s also a daughter, a best friend, and a dreamer. Application: Think beyond labels—reflect on the multiple roles and identities you carry. Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: T. Bacani

5. 5 What is Psychology? Scientific study of mind and behavior Focuses on thoughts, emotions, and actions Helps us understand ourselves and others Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: T. Bacani

6. 6 What is the Self? Sense of personal identity Related to self-concept, self-awareness, and self-esteem Influenced by internal and external factors Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: T. Bacani

7. 7 William James: The “I” and the “Me” I = thinker, decision-maker, doer Me = how you see yourself, your characteristics You choose to study (I) and later see yourself as hardworking (Me). Application: Reflect after decisions: what does this choice say about the person I am becoming? Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: T. Bacani

8. 8 Carl Rogers: Self-Schema Organized knowledge about ourselves Shapes what we notice, think, and feel Flexible but not limitless “I’m not smart” → you avoid reciting in class. Application: List your labels. Keep the helpful ones, reframe the negative ones. Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: T. Bacani

9. 9 Sigmund Freud: Id, Ego, Superego Id = impulses, desires Ego = rational decision-maker Superego = moral guide, conscience Id: binge-watch. Superego: sleep early. Ego: one episode, then rest. Application: Pause when conflicted: What does my Id want? Superego? Ego? Decide consciously. Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: T. Bacani

10. 10 George Herbert Mead: The Social Self (Symbolic Interactionism) Self develops through human interaction Balance between how we see ourselves and how others see us This shapes our self-concept (often unconsciously) You might think you’re “shy,” but when your classmates laugh at your jokes, you start seeing yourself as “the funny one.” That image grows because others confirm it through interaction. Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: T. Bacani

11. 11 George Herbert Mead: The Social Self (Symbolic Interactionism) Application: Ask yourself: “Am I doing this because it’s really me, or because people expect me to?” Becoming aware of this helps you choose when to live up to expectations and when to be authentic. Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: T. Bacani

12. 12 Carver and Scheie: Private vs. Public Self Private = true thoughts and feelings Public = what we show to others Balance is key Outgoing with friends, reserved with family. Application: Check if your public self matches your private self. Practice being authentic. Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: T. Bacani

13. 13 Higgins: Actual, Ideal, and Ought Self Actual = who you are now struggling in math. Ideal = who you want to be wants to excel. Ought = who you think you should be must pass for family. Application: Identify clashes between your three selves. Create small steps to align them. Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: T. Bacani

14. 14 Self-Esteem and Social Comparison Self-esteem = how we value ourselves Downward comparison → boosts ego Upward comparison → inspires or discourages Application: Use upward comparison as motivation, not as self-punishment. Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: T. Bacani

15. 15 Bandura’s Agentic Self Four Core Properties: Intentionality Plan to graduate Forethought Dream of your future self Self-reactiveness Review instead of partying Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: T. Bacani

16. 16 Bandura’s Agentic Self Four Core Properties: Self-reflectiveness Ask, “Am I on track?” Application: Practice the 4 powers weekly: set goals, visualize future, regulate actions, reflect. Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: T. Bacani

17. 17 Like a driver with a map—you can’t reach your destination if you don’t know where you are. Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: Therd Kyle M. Bacani, CHRA

18. 18 Thank you! Understanding The Self | Prelims | A.Y. 2025 - 2026 Lesson 3 | The Self as a Cognitive Construct Instructor: Therd Kyle M. Bacani, CHRA