NURSING MANAGEMENT OF PATIENT WITH KIDNEY AND URINARY SYSTEM DISORDERS

Urethritis is an inflammation of the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. It's often caused by a bacterial infection, commonly a sexually transmitted infection (STI) like gonorrhea or chlamydia. Pain or burning during urination is a key symptom, along with other symptoms like urethral discharge and the frequent need to urinate.

1. URETHRITIS PRESENTED BY REKHANJALI GUPTA NURSING TUTOR (AROGYAM NURSING COLLEGE ROORKEE UTTRAKAND)

2. INTRODUCTION Urethritis is inflammation of the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body, often caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like chlamydia or gonorrhea, but can also be caused by other infections or irritants. 

3. DEFINITION Urethritis is inflammation of the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body . 

4. causes Sexually transmitted infections are a common cause of urethritis. Apart from gonorrhea, other STIs ar e. Chlamydia . Trichomoniasis . Genital herpes . However, you can also get urethritis from: Urinary tract infections . Yeast infections . Exposure to irritants like spermicides, douches and soaps. Squeezing your penis roughly. Activities that put pressure on your urethra, like riding a bicycle or some sexual acts. Putting something up inside your urethra, such as a catheter to help you pee.

5. TYPES Gonococcal urethritis:  Caused by gonorrhea.  Nongonococcal urethritis (NGU):  Caused by bacteria other than gonorrhea, most commonly Chlamydia trachomatis . 

6. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Due to etiological factors (STI) ↓ Attachment and Invasion ( urethral epithelial cells and invade the tissue) ↓ Inflammatory response ↓ Urethral Tissue Damage leading to swelling, discharge & pain ↓ Symptoms like, urethral itching ,pain during intercourse

7. Management Bacterial Urethritis: Antibiotics:  Doctors typically prescribe antibiotics to treat bacteria infections.  Common Antibiotics:  Examples include azithromycin, doxycycline, ofloxacin, and ceftriaxone.  Gonococcal Urethritis:  First-line treatment often involves a single dose of ceftriaxone or azithromycin, or a combination of both.  Non-Gonococcal Urethritis:  Treatment may involve doxycycline or azithromycin.  Viral Urethritis: Antiviral Therapy:  If the cause is viral, antiviral medications may be prescribed.  Herpes-Related Urethritis:  Antiviral drugs like acyclovir or valacyclovir may be used. 

8. PREVENTION Safe Sex Practices:  Using condoms consistently and limiting the number of S exual partners can help prevent STIs, including urethritis.  Regular STI Testing:  If you are sexually active, getting regular STI testing is important.  Avoidance of Irritants:  Avoiding chemicals or substances that may irritate the urethra can help prevent urethritis. 

9. THANKS