Nutraceuticals For Prevention of Cancer & Diabetes

Nutraceuticals For Prevention of Cancer & Diabetes

1. Nutraceuticals For Prevention OF Cancer & Diabetes Presented By: Lalhruaitluangi
Krittika Mondal
Sanjana Pal
Sarnali Paul Sukyana Ghosh Ishika Maji
Arghya Roy

2. INTRODUCTION The term nutraceuticals combine the two words 'nutrient ' which is a nourishing food compound and 'pharmaceutical ' which is a medical drug Nutraceuticals can be used as preventive or therapeutic agents in a wide range of chronic diseases including cancer and diabetes. Cancer is a group of disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and the ability to invade other tissues. Diabetes on the other hand, is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels due to either the body inability to produce insulin or the body's inability to use insulin effectively.

3. Classification OF NUTRACUTECALS 1.Dietary Supplement 2.Functional Supplement 3.Medical Supplement 4.Pharmaceutical supplement.

4. Nutraceuticals helps in disease prevention Nutracutecals name Helps in disease prevention 1.Betacaroten Nutralizes free-radical Flavonols Antioxidant, reduce risk of cancer 3. Soluble fibre Reduce CVD , cancer 4. Magnesium Immune health, bone health 5. Calcium Osteoporosis 6. Curcumin Anti cancer , inhibit inflammation 7. MUFA Reduce risk ok CHD 8. Lycopene Reduce the risk of prostate cancer 9. Fructo-oligosaccharide Improve GI health 10. Vitamin E and vitamin D Prevent diabetes

5. ROAL OF NUTRACUTECALS FOR CANCER PREVENTION: 1 . Nutraceuticals may act as essential amino acid drug like tryptophan is needed for protein synthesis at low dose in human. At high dose it increases 5 hydroxy tryptamine level and thus helps to prevent the formation of anti carcinogenic agent. 2. The phyto nutrients prevent cell proliferation and play significant roll in the prevention of chronic de - generative disease. Example - Spirulina, Glucosamine, etc. Can prevent cell proliferation. 3. Vitamin C , vitamin E , Bitacarotene , Lycopene, play role in cancer prevention. Example - co- enzyme Q 10 , Superoxide dismutase ( enzyme) , selenium, Copper, Zinc act as anti cancer nutraceutical in cancer management. 4. Oligosaccharides are tested in animals . Fructo - saccharide, Inulin , Galacto -oligosaccharide Showed reducing cancer cell division.

6. 5.Poly unsaturated fatty acid such as safflowers oil, corn oil, soybean oil, showed protective effects against cancer. 6. Dietary fibre such as oats, dried beans, chicory, legumes, apple, orange, apricot etc contain (18- 30%) dietary fibre. Vegetables sources such as cabbage, carrot, tomato contain (9-12%) fibre, showed antioxidant & cell proliferation inhibitory properties. 7. Wild foods are other major source of nutraceuticals & Phyto nutrient. Most of the wild plants, wild mushroom, wild fungi, wild fruits are considering as potential natural therapy, alternatives for cancer prevention. 8. Soy, isoflavones , curcumin , epigallocatechin -3-gallate (EGCG), Lycopene have imaged effect to get prevention against cancer.

7. ROAL OF NUTRACUTECALS FOR DIABETICS MELLITUS : Nutraceuticals are non-specific biological therapies used to promote wellness, prevent malignant processes and control symptoms. These can be grouped into the following three broad categories. Nutrients: Substances with established nutritional functions, such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids and fatty acids. Herbals: Herbs or botanical products as concentrates and extracts. Dietary supplements: Reagents derived from other sources (e.g. pyruvate, chondroitin sulphate , steroid hormone precursors) serving specific functions, such as sports nutrition,weight -loss supplements etc.

8. NUTRIENTS: Vitamin C: Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a chain-breaking antioxidant, and preventing the propagation of chain reactions that would otherwise lead to a reduction in protein glycation . In animals, vitamin C also reduces diabetes-induced sorbitol accumulation and lipid peroxides in erythrocytes. Vitamin C (800 mg/day) partially replenishes vitamin C levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Vitamin E: “Vitamin E is an essential fat soluble vitamin and functions primarily as an antioxidant. Low levels of vitamin E have been associated with increased incidence of diabetes . Every day 400 IU of vitamin E is safe for diabetics patients. Calcium/vitamin D: Studies are clearly shows that high calcium intake in women can reduce 30% diabetes. Vitamin D can prevent diabetes along with calcium by suppressing the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) . Good calcium and vitamin D status may help to preserve insulin sensibility and thus help us to prevent diabetes mellitus.

9. Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are the energetic substrate related to the greatest impact on glycaemia levels. Simple carbohydrates are not allowed in diabetes mellitus. complex carbohydrates can be given in the form of hole grain , cereals, pulses and vegetables. Fats: Numerous studies indicate high-fat diets can impair glucose tolerance and promote obesity, dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic heart disease. Maximum 200-250 milligram/ dl cholesterol can be given in diabetes mellitus, saturated fat should not be given. Protein: Protein requirements to those of the general population-about 0.86 g/kg per day. Although protein plays a role in stimulating insulin secretion excessive intakes should be avoided as it may contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.

10. DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS Alpha - lipoic acid – It is a naturally occurring antioxidant with potent ROS (Reactive oxygen species) scavenging activity. Alpha - lipoic acid increases insulin sensitivity by approximately 18 -20% in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Chromium – It is a trace element that may be deficient in person with diabetes mellitus. It has been suggested that chromium supplement may increase insulin sensitivity and improve glucose tolerance in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Magnesium – It is a rich diet helps to decrease the risk of diabetes with an inverse correlation between magnesium intake and fasting insulin level, suggesting and improvement in insulin sensitivity.

11. Coenzyme Q10 – It is a promising nutritional intervention for insulin resistance. 60 mg coenzyme Q10 twice a week can be given to treat a patient with type 2 diabetes. L - carnitine (beta- hydroxyl- gamma trimethyl amino butyrate) – It is a natural vitamin like compound. It helps in the biosynthesis of lysine and methionine. It helps to maintain the insulin sensitivity this preventing diabetes mellitus.

12. HERBALS Name of plant Scientific name of plant Mohul Acacia arabica Onion Allium capa (L) Garlic Allium sativum (L) Aloevera Aloacae burm Neem Azadirachta indica

13. CONCLUSION At the end of this discussion we can say that, the nutraceuticals helps us in two ways –in prevention of disease and also helps in management of disease. By taking adequate amount of nutraceuticals we can prevent many serious health problems (diabetes, cancer).Nutraceuticals also show promising result in disease management.