OBJECTIVITY OF TESTS ppt.pptx

This presentation is about the objectivity of tests, It presents the definition of objective tests, and its meaning.
It reflects upon the objectivity of scoring, types of objective tests, merits and demerits about the same.

1. Dr. roma smart joseph Teacher Educator Luknow,up , india OBJECTIVITY OF TESTS

2. OBJECTIVITY Objectivity is an important characteristic of a good test. It affects both the validity and reliability of test scores. The objectivity of a measuring instrument means the degree to which different persons scoring the answer receipt arrive at the same result. C.V. Good (1973) defines objectivity in testing as “the extent to which the instrument is free from personal error (personal bias), that is subjectivity on the part of the scorer”.

3. Gronlund and Linn (1995) state “Objectivity of a test refers to the degree to which equally competent scores obtain the same results. So a test is considered objective when it makes for the elimination of the scorer’s personal opinion and bias judgment. In this context, there are two aspects of objectivity which should be kept in mind while constructing a test.” ( i ) Objectivity in scoring. (ii) Objectivity in the interpretation of test items by the testee . Definition

4. Objectivity of scoring The objectivity of scoring means the same person or different persons scoring the test at any time arrive at the same result without may chance of error. A test to be objective must necessarily be so worded that only a correct answer can be given to it. In other words, the personal judgment of the individual who score the answer script should not be a factor affecting the test scores.

5. Objectivity of scoring The result of a test can be obtained in a simple and precise manner if the scoring procedure is objective. The scoring procedure should be such that there should be no doubt as to whether an item is right or wrong or partly right or partly wrong.

6.   Item objectivity means that the item must call for a definite single answer. Well constructed test items should lead themselves to one and only one interpretation by students who know the material involved. The test items should be free from ambiguity: A given test item should mean the same thing to all the students that the test maker intends to ask. Dual meaning sentences: items having more than one correct answer should not be included in the to avoid subjectivity. Objectivity of test items

7. Objective Attainment Tests Many educational psychologists do not favour examining students on the essay type of examination pattern, since it only inadequately measures the ability of the individual. Objective examinations, since they objectively evaluate the worth of the individual and are not influenced by the teachers or examiner's prejudices and questionable attitudes.

8. MAIN FEATURES OF OBJECTIVE TESTS : These tests should be based upon the teacher’s philosophy of education. These tests should examine the main mental functioning. Questions should be as straightforward and simple as possible so that the student may not be confused. Questions should be chosen to conform to circumstances and time. As far as possible there should not be unrelated suggestions since the student may be confused thereby.

9. MAIN FEATURES OF OBJECTIVE TESTS Questions of the same kind should be placed in the same category. Questions of the same kind should not be constantly repeated. The teacher should gauge the difficulty of the questions. Tests should aim at predetermined objectives; hence after they have been formulated they should be coordinated with the desired aims. There should be brief points of direction for the student in order to facilitate the efforts in the tests.

10. KINDS OF OBJECTIVE TESTS THE MULTIPLE CHOICE TESTS – In this kind of test, one question can be answered in many plausible suggested ways and the student has to select the answer that will precisely fit the questions. The Simple Recall Type- In a test of this kind, the student has to answer questions by recalling the information that has been imparted to him. Answers to the questions are precise and definite, mere guesswork does not help the student.

11. KINDS OF OBJECTIVE TESTS The matching type test- In this test, there are two lists of terms or names, each name in one list having some correspondence with one word on the other list, but the order of terms in the two lists is not the same. Words that correspond with each other occupy different places in the two lists.  Completion test – In this test, certain sentences are given, but the sentences are incomplete such as to fill in the blanks to make sense. It is for the student to fill in these blanks so that the sentences become complete.  True and False Test – In a test of this kind, some sentences are given to which are suffixed the words true and false. The students have to decide whether the statements given are true or false so that he can mark the two alternatives.

12. Merits of Objective type tests:   1. These test items are suitable for modern educational practices, as there lays more objectivity in scoring.   2. These questions are free from the personal factors of the teacher. 3. The mood of the examiner in no way affects scoring.  4. This test item enables the learners to become thorough in the subject matter. The reason is that for a little writing he can devote his time to thought and can thereby answer many questions that he has to write his answers out at length.   5. Chance elimination is reduced in this test.   6. It is easy to scoring.

13. Merits of Objective type tests:     7. In objective type of test item there is no chance for the teacher to show personal bias or favoritism. 8. These test items are educative for the pupils as they are more interested in answering this type of test.   9. Objective type test items discourage cramming and encourage thinking, observation, and scrutiny. 10. These test items are more reliable and valid. 11. Objective type test items can be standardized easily by applying beforehand to a large number of students of the same age group before the actual examination.

14. Demerits of Objective type tests:   1. These test items don’t put stress on the ability to organize of subject matter learned by pupils.   2. Pupils don’t get a scope for making comparisons.   3. Pupils aren’t asked to summarise the material or to make applications of principles and of course which are valuable abilities in this type of test items.   4. This type of test item isn’t used for the purpose of diagnosing the learning difficulties of the pupils.  

15. 5. It is commonly said that the objective type test items fail to check to cram.   6. Once an objective test is standardized the teachers will coach the pupils on the test. After this, the test will be meaningless and useless for the pupils.   7. Like essay type of test, these test items also fail to test the character-building aspects.   8. It is often argued that the preparation and use of objective type test items is an expensive and timely affair.  Demerits of Objective type tests:

16. Sources: https://dictionary.apa.org/objective-test https://citl.illinois.edu/citl-101/measurement-evaluation/exam-scoring/improving -your-test-questions http://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/7308/1/Unit-12.pdf https://www.dictionary.com/browse/objective-test