Organizational behavior unit 5 Dynamics of Organizational Behavior

Organizational behavior unit 5 Dynamics of Organizational Behavior
Covers Anna University syllabus

1. Organizational Behavior Unit 5: Dynamics of Organizational behavior Presented by, Ganesha Pandian N 1 MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021

2. Content Organizational culture and climate Factors affecting Organizational culture – Importance Job satisfaction – Determinants – Measurement – influence on behavior Organizational change – Importance Stability Vs Change Proactive Vs Reaction Change The change process 2 MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021

3. Resistance to change Managing change Stress – Work stressors Prevention and management of stress Balancing work and life Organizational development – characteristics – objectives Organizational effectiveness developing Gender sensitive workplace MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 3

4. Definition of Organization Culture A common perception held by the organization’s members; a system of share meaning Seven primary characteristic of the organizational culture Innovation and risk taking Attention to detail Outcome oriented People oriented Team Orientation Aggressiveness Stability It is about members of organizations how to behave 4 MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021

5. Organizational Culture is descriptive Organizational culture concerned with how employee perceive organization It is different from job satisfaction is the measure of employee response to the work environment Organization culture is descriptive and job satisfaction is evaluative 5 MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021

6. Cultures in organization The work culture does not mean that the uniform and common properties need to be shared – there might be sub-cultures within the culture Dominant Culture – Expresses the core values that are shared by a majority of the organization’s members Sub-cultures – mini-cultures existed within the organization defined by geographical location Core values – the primary or the dominant value accepted by the company as whole MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 6

7. Strong Culture Vs Weak Culture Strong culture – positive impact on employee behavior Weak culture – Negative impact on employee behavior MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 7

8. Dominant Vs Sub-culture Dominant culture – central value accepted by the organization as whole Sub –culture – part of the organization slightly differ from the core culture MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 8

9. Importance of Organizational Culture Acts as talent Attractor Engages people in production Creates great synergy in workplace Improve the motivational factor Acts as control system Social bonds between people MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 9

10. Factors influencing Organizational culture Characteristics of people within the organization Nature of Employment relationship Design of Organizational structure Organizational Ethics MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 10

11. Process of Creating Organizational Culture MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 11

12. Positive Organizational Culture - Nurturing Employees strength – focused Design the motivation with more rewards than punishments Put mush importance on growth and vital things MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 12

13. Sustain – organizational Culture Control the behavior of managers and teams Reactions to incidents and crisis Role modeling, teaching and Coaching – put importance Allocation of rewards and status Recruitment, selection, promotion and removal Organizational Rites and Ceremonies – conducted Organization stories – Success stories and Heroes MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 13

14. Barriers to Organizational Culture Culture restricts employees from changing as per the environmental demands New employees need to stick to the old culture – established already Cultural barrier – mergers and acquisitions MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 14

15. Organizational Climate Organizational climate is the collective perception of the work environment by the individuals within a common system – James and sells Organizational climate – shared perception of what is the organization is like in terms of practices, policies, routines, and rewards MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 15

16. Characteristics of Organization Climate It is continuous and ever present one. Directly linked to internal features of an organization – principles, customs, beliefs, behavior and emotions Theoretical and intangible concept Differentiates one organization from others Provides the consolidated image of organization MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 16

17. Factors affecting Organizational Climate 2 key segments – by Richard M Hodgetts – Visible part and invisible part Overt factors – above the water Hierarchy Goals of organization Technological state of organization Financial Resources Skills and abilities of employees Efficiency of organization Performance standards adopted by the organization MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 17

18. Covert factors Values and norms Attitude Satisfaction Feelings Interactions Supportiveness MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 18

19. Components of Organizational Climate Member of the organization concerned determine the organizational climate The interpersonal relationship exits between the employees Degree of control mechanism that they have Autonomy given for the task to perform Organization structure that the organization frame itself MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 19

20. Importance of Organizational Climate It enhances employee performance It helps in building strong relationship – interpersonal relationship Success or Failure – largely determined by organization climate Work of Manager is easy Minimizes employee turnover and improves the productivity in the organization MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 20

21. How to improve the organizational climate? Remove the unwanted tasks, procedures and so on to improve the climate Create the reward system Innovation and entrepreneurial culture nurtured Reduce the change resistances Create a sense of purpose in employees MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 21

22. Job Satisfaction – Meaning and Definition Refers to the general attitude and feeling of an individual towards their jobs “ Job satisfaction is a pleasurable emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job or job experiences ” MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 22

23. Features of Job Satisfaction Job Satisfaction is a kind of attitude It helps employee retention Job satisfaction is linked directly with the motivation factors MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 23

24. Determinants of Job Satisfaction MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 24

25. Job Satisfaction – How it is measured? Rating Scales Personal interviews Tendencies measurement – satisfaction/dissatisfaction Critical incidents technique MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 25

26. Why Job Satisfaction is important? Influences on positive behavior Increases productivity Reduces employees’ turnover and absenteeism Improve the team spirit MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 26

27. Organizational Change Changes happens as the business environment is not stable Changes in environment affects the business and make the change become inevitable for organization also Definition: organizational change is the ongoing process – implementation of new procedures, technologies so as to realign the business to meet the business demand and cope up with the environmental change MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 27

28. Features of Organizational Behavior It affects the existing stability of organization Change influences entire organization It is an ongoing process – never ending It is natural phenomenon Affects the perpetual and behavioral process MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 28

29. Determinant of Organizational change External factors Technology Market conditions Social changes Political and legal changes Workforce demography Internal Factors Change in management Change in Employees Work climate Changes in Employee Expectations MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 29

30. Why Organizational Change is needed? Responding to challenges and convert them into opportunities Improvement in the existing performance of the organization Overall development in the organization MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 30

31. Stability Vs Change When the organization need to stabilize? When the organization need to change? MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 31

32. Levels of Organizational change MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 32

33. Types of Organization Change Unexpected change Reactive change Anticipatory change Planned change Strategic change Process oriented change People oriented change Operational change Transformational change and so on. MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 33

34. Proactive change Vs Reactive change MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 34

35. Organizational change process MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 35

36. Emerging challenges in Organizational change Maintaining the energy and enthusiasm of the employees Ensuring that organization adapts to the change Prioritizing organizational projects and resources Understanding the science of quality Managing the cultural shift MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 36

37. Resistance to change Absolute inertia or fear of the unknown may be behind this tendency Definition: Resistance to change can be defined as behaviors that are acted out by change recipients in order to slow down or terminate an intended organizational change. MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 37

38. Types of resistance to change Psychological resistance Sociological resistance Logical resistance MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 38

39. Reason for resistance to change MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 39

40. Dealing with Organizational change Clear definition of Visions and goals Employees’ participation in change process Interview employees to know their feelings Effective delegation Rising levels of expectations Employees’ commitments Positive attitude MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 40

41. Managing change or Change Management Change management – structured approach for transitioning individuals, teams and organizations from the current state to the desired state MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 41

42. Intervention strategies for Organizational change Process intervention – intervene the existing process Structure intervention – intervene the organizational structure Strategic intervention – intervene the strategic of the organization Relationship intervention – relating to the interpersonal dysfunctions within the group and team Cultural change Intervention – intervene the culture of the organization MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 42

43. Kurt L ewin’s three step model – Managing change Stage 1: unfreezing the organization Stage 2: Brining new change – transition to next level Stage 3: Refreezing the new level MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 43

44. MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 44

45. Stress Stress is reaction of an individual against the troubling factors of his surroundings Definition: Stress is an adaptive response to an external situation that results in physical, psychological or behavioral deviations for organizational participants MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 45

46. Types of stress Eustress Distress – Acute stress and chronic stress MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 46

47. Causes of stress or work stressors Individual stressors Group stressors Organizational stressors MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 47

48. Individual level stressors Personality types Role conflict Role ambiguity Work overload Responsibility Career development stressors MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 48

49. Group level stressors Group Cohesiveness Social support Inter and intra group relationships Sexual harassment Physical violence MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 49

50. Organizational level stressors Tasks demand Role demand Interpersonal relationship at work Organizational structure and climate Organizational leadership Group pressure MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 50

51. Consequences of stress Behavioral consequence Physical consequence Psychological consequence Decline in performance Change in attitude Withdrawal behavior MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 51

52. Burnouts Job burnout refers to the emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced accomplishment It is common among the professionals Symptoms of burnout – Exhaustion, Cynicism and Negative self evaluation MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 52

53. Causes of Job burnout Lack of Recognisation Big consequence of failure High stress times with no down times Impossible requirements Unclear requirements Poor fit for the job Lack of belief in what is done Shift work MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 53

54. Work-Life Balance Work life balance is about individuals having a measure of control over when, where, and how they work, leading them to be able to enjoy an optimum quantity of life. MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 54

55. Options of Work-life balance Flexi-time Compressed workweek Job sharing Flexible compensation Telecommuting Part-time work Modified recruitment MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 55

56. Organizational Development Organizational development is the building of company’s capacity to change and achieve greater effectiveness by developing and improving the strategies, structure and processes MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 56

57. Organizational development – Process Entering and contracting Diagnostics Data collection and Analyzing Feedback Designing interventions Leading and managing change Evaluation and institutionalization of change MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 57

58. Organizational Effectiveness It is to the extent to which the organization achieves the goals with the given resources and means Organizational effectives is the degree of achievement of multiple goals MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 58

59. Indicators of organizational Effectiveness Innovation Results Productivity Absenteeism of employees Fiscal indicators Perception of corporate performance Balanced score cards MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 59

60. Gender Diversity at workplace Treatment of gender diverse as equity – healthy organization Benefits: Equality at work Work policy – improvement Motivation MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 60

61. MSM-MBA Odd Semester 2020-2021 61 Thank you