osteoprosis.MSc in college of Nursing, University of Baghdad

A lecture about osteoporosis done by me in MSC

1. Prepared by master students : حيدر موسى الاء مجيد Under supervision of : أ.م.د حسين هادي Osteoporosis

2. Objectives.. the students will be able to : Define osteoporosis Understand the pathophysiology Distinguish type and risk factor How can prevent osteoporosis Define signs and symptoms Identify Basics of bone mass density test Participate in Management for osteoporosis Working Nursing care for osteoporosis

3. Osteoporosis (porous bone) is a metabolic disorder in which there is low bone mass and deterioration of bone structure, resulting in fragile bones that are prone to fracture. The spine, wrist, and hip are most commonly involved although all bones can be affected.

4. Pathophysiology

5. Risk factor and types Osteoporosis is categorized as either primary or secondary. Primary osteoporosis is the most common and is not associated with another disease. Some risk factors for primary osteoporosis can be controlled but others cannot . Secondary osteoporosis results from an associated medical condition or procedure, such as hyperparathyroidism; renal dialysis; drug therapy with steroids, certain anti-seizure drugs, sleeping medications, aluminum -containing antacids, hormones for endometriosis, or cancer drugs; and prolonged immobility, such as that seen with patients who have a spinal cord injury.

6. Controllable risk factor

7. Not controllable risk factor

8. Signs and symptoms A symptomatic sustaining a mild bump, or sneezing vertebral compression fractures a decrease in height (up to 6 inches) severe back pain kyphosis of the spine decreased respiratory capacity due to spinal deformities fatigue and the risk of pneumonia. Limited ADLs depression, or anxiety from fear of breaking a bone

9. Bone mass density test Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) Serum calcium , serum phosphorus ,and vitamin D values alkaline phosphatase levels may be elevated, confirming bone damage

10. Management There is no cure for osteoporosis, but it can be treated.

11. Medication 1-Supplements Vitamin D Calcium 2-Antiresorptive Medications. - Bisphosphonates Calcitonin ( Fortical , Miacalcin ) Denosumab ( Prolia ) Estrogen therapy 3-Anabolic (Bone-Forming) Medications - Teriparatide ( Forteo )

12. Nursing management 1- Assess and manage pain 2- Initiate fall precautions to prevent injury 3- Support fracture stabilization 4- Administer medications appropriately : Bisphosphonates (alendronate, ibandronate ), Hormone therapy, Biologic drugs ( denosumab ) 5- Monitor respiratory status and signs of fat embolism 6- Assist with repositioning 7- Assist with ROM activities 8- Consult physical and occupational therapy as appropriate 9- Nutrition and lifestyle education: Healthy diet, increase calcium intake, Exercise as tolerable in safe environment, Quit smoking, Limit or avoid alcohol.

13. Keep yourself and your family safe from it And Thank you for listening