Paris agreement presentation in contempo

Paris agreement

1. PRESENTATION
PARIS
AGREEMENT
CONTEMPORARY

2. INTRODUCTION
A landmark international treaty adopted
by 196 parties during the 21st Conference
of the Parties (COP21) under the United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCCC) in Paris, France, on
December 12, 2015. It entered into force
on 4 November 2016.
Paris Agreement...

3. It addresses global climate
change by committing countries
to take collective action to limit
global warming and adapt to its
effects.

4. Launch of the United
Nations Framework
Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCCC) to
combat climate
change.
Legally bound
developed countries to
emission reduction
targets.
Criticized as ineffective
due to non-participation
of major emitters:
▪China
▪United States
Extended the Kyoto
Protocol until 2020.
Reaffirmed plans (from
COP17, 2011, Durban,
South Africa) to create
a comprehensive,
legally binding treaty by
2015 for all countries to
reduce emissions.
BACKGROUND
1997 KYOTO PROTOCOL 2012 COP18 (DOHA, QATAR)
1992 EARTH SUMMIT (RIO DE JANEIRO,
BRAZIL)

5. Countries submitted
Intended Nationally
Determined
Contributions (INDCs)
detailing their emission
reduction plans.
By December 10, 2015,
185 countries had
submitted their INDCs.
BACKGROUND
2015 PARIS AGREEMENT PREPARATION

6. KEY COMMITMENTS FROM MAJOR
COUNTRIES
United States (2014):
Pledged to reduce emissions by 26–28%
below 2005 levels by 2025.
Supported by the Clean Power Plan,
targeting power plant emissions.
01
China:
Aimed to peak carbon emissions by 2030
and reduce carbon intensity by 60–65%
from 2005 levels.
02
India:
Targeted a 33–35% reduction in emissions
intensity by 2030 (compared to 2005).
Planned for 40% renewable energy use by
2030 but required international financial
aid (~$2.5 trillion) and technology transfer.
03

7. OBJECTIVE
PARIS AGREEMENT
WANTS
Substantially reduce global greenhouse
gas.
Limit the global temperature increase in
this century to 2 degrees Celsius.

8. www.reallygreatsite.com
01 02 03
WHAT’S IN THE AGREEMENT
Includes
commitments
from all major
emitting
countries to cut
their climate-
altering pollution.
Provides a pathway
for developed
nations to assist
developing nations
in their climate
mitigation and
adaptation efforts.
creates a framework
for the transparent
monitoring, reporting,
and ratcheting up of
countries’ individual
and collective
climate goals.

9. www.reallygreatsite.com
GOALS OF PARIS AGREEMENT
Limit Global
Warming
Climate Finance
Keep the increase in global average
temperature well below 2°C (3.6°F)
above pre-industrial levels and aim to
limit the increase to 1.5°C (2.7°F).
Achieve a global
peak in greenhouse
gas emissions as
soon as possible.
Adaptation and
Resilience
Reach net-zero emissions (a
balance between emissions
produced and removed) in
the second half of the 21st
century.

10. www.reallygreatsite.com
INADEQUATE ACTION
Projections indicate that temperatures could
rise by 2.9°C by 2100, much above targets,
and parties are not taking enough climate
action to fulfill the agreement's objectives.
DEVELOPING VS. DEVELOPED NATIONS
The priorities of developed and developing
countries diverge, especially when it comes to
financing adaptation, which jeopardizes
teamwork.
ABSENCE OF ENFORCEMENT
Because there are no legally enforceable
enforcement mechanisms in the agreement,
there is a compliance gap that allows nations
to establish high goals but fall short of them.
SOCIETAL DEMAND RISKS
Unrealistic promises can result from increased
societal demand for greater goals, which
increases the likelihood of noncompliance and
erodes trust in the agreement.
CRITICISMS AND CHALLENGES

11. REACTION ON US WITHDRAWAL
"The US, as the 2nd largest emitter of
greenhouse gases, and more importantly,
one of the world leaders, would have
played a key role in creating the much
needed global paradigm shift towards a
more climate-resilient and climate-smart
future," the CCC explained.

12. WHY DID TRUMP CHOOSE TO WITHDRAW
THE PARIS AGREEMENT?
THE PARIS AGREEMENT WAS
EXPENSIVE AND INEFFECTIVE
WITHDRAWAL IS GOOD FOR
AMERICAN ENERGY
COMPETITIVENESS
THE AGREEMENT WASTED
TAXPAYER MONEY
Trump claimed that the agreement would undermine the U.S.
economy, and put the U.S. at a permanent disadvantage
Some people believed that Trump was right to withdraw from the
agreement. Here are a few reasons why:

13. WITHDRAWAL PROCESS
“At any time after three years
from the date on which this
Agreement has entered into
force for a Party, that Party may
withdraw from this Agreement
by giving written notification to
the Depositary.”
ARTICLE 28 OF THE
PARIS AGREEMENT:

14. THANK YOU!